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SURFACE VEHICLE STANDARD
J1960
REV.OCT2004
Issued 1989-06Revid
2004-10
Superding J1960 AUG2003
Accelerated Exposure of Automotive Exterior Materials Using a Controlled
Irradiance Water-Cooled Xenon Arc Apparatus
1.Scope
1.1守望幸福
This test method specifies the operating procedures for a controlled irradiance, water-cooled xenon arc apparatus ud for the accelerated exposure of various automotive exterior materials.
This standard is limited to the models of xenon arc test apparatus specified in the Section on Apparatus.All other models of xenon arc test apparatus must u SAE J2527 to perform the test conditions specified in SAE J1960. SAE J2527 is the performance standard bad on the test parameters of SAE J1960. U of xenon arc test apparatus to perform SAE J2527 must be agreed upon by contractual parties.
1.2
The sample preparation, test durations, and performance evaluation procedures are covered in material specifications of the different automotive manufacturers.2.References
2.1
Applicable Publications—The following publications form a part of the specification to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwi indicated, the latest revision of SAE publications shall apply
2.1.1
SAE P UBLICATION —Available from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.
SAE J1545—Instrumental Color Difference Measurement for Exterior Finishes, Textiles, and Colored T rim
2.1.2ASTM P UBLICATION —Available from ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959.ASTM D 859—Standard Test Method for Silica in Water
ASTM D 4517—Standard T est Method for Low-Level Total Silica in High-Purity Water by Flameless
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
ASTM G 155—Standard Practice for Operating Xenon Arc Light Apparatus for Exposure of Non-Metallic
Materials
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3.Definitions
bdi3.1Black Panel Thermometer, n
3.1.1 A temperature measuring device, the nsing unit of which is coated with black enamel designed to absorb
most of the radiant energy encountered in fade/weathering testing.
3.1.1.1This device provides an estimation of the maximum temperature a specimen might attain during exposure
to natural or artificial light.
3.2Center Wavelength, n—The specified wavelength for bandpass filters; the wavelength midway between the
half power points (e.g., 340 nm ± 2 nm).
practice的用法3.3Color Change, n—As ud in fade-weathering testing, a change in color of any kind (whether a change in
hue, saturation, or lightness).
2013年考研复试分数线3.4Half Power Bandpass, n—The interval between wavelengths at which transmittance is 50% of peak. (I t
should not exceed 20 nm for a narrow bandpass filter.)
3.5Irradiance, n. (E)—The incident radiant flux per unit area of a surface. (W m–2)
3.6Irradiance, Controlled, n—The maintenance by clod loop feedback of a prelected irradiance throughout
a designated exposure interval.
3.7Irradiance, Spectral, n—(Eλ) Irradiance per wavelength interval. (Wm–2 nm–1).
3.8Irradiance, Total, n—(W m–2) I rradiance integrated over all wavelengths of a light source on an expod
surface.
3.9Irradiation, n—See radiant exposure.
3.10Long-Arc Xenon, n—A xenon arc in which the length of the arc between electrodes is greater than the
diameter of the envelope enclosing the arc.
3.11Peak Wavelength, n—The wavelength of peak transmission (e.g., 340 nm).
3.12Radiant Exposure, n—The time integral of irradiance (Jm–2).
3.13Radiant Exposure, Spectral, n—The time integral of spectral Irradiance (Jm–2 nm–1).
3.14Reference Plastic, n—A clear polystyrene plastic standard lected for exposure as a check on a test
apparatus and operating conditions.
3.15Sample, Laboratory, n—A portion of material taken to reprent the lot sample, or the original material, and
ud in the laboratory as a source of test specimens.
3.16Specimen, n—A specific portion of a material or a laboratory sample on which a test is performed or that is留学费用最低的国家
lected for that purpo.
3.17Spectral Power Distribution, n—The relative power emitted by a source as a function of wavelength.--` , , , , ` ` -` -` , , ` , , ` , ` , , ` ---
4.Significance and U
4.1This test method is designed to accelerate extreme environmental conditions encountered outside a vehicle
such as sunlight, heat, and moisture (in the form of humidity, condensation or rain) for the purpo of predicting the weatherability of automotive materials.
5.Apparatus
5.1 A more complete description of the apparatus listed below may be found in ASTM G 155.
5.2The apparatus employed utilizes a water-cooled xenon arc lamp as the source of radiation and should be one
of the following:
5.2.1T YPE AH—A controlled irradiance apparatus in which the radiant energy source is vertically located at the
central axis of a specimen rack. The specimen rack shall rotate at 1 rpm ± 0.1 rpm and shall be of the three-tiered, inclined type having a center gment of 648 mm ± 6 mm (25.5 in ± 0.25 in) outside diameter centered on the xenon arc lamp. The top and bottom gments shall be 511 mm ± 6 mm (20 in ± 0.25 in) outside diameter, positioned 28 degrees ± 2 degrees from the vertical. Each gment shall accommodate 152 mm
(6 in) specimen holders. The apparatus shall provide for control of dry bulb and black panel temperature,
relative humidity, and irradiance at 340nm1.
5.2.2T YPE BH—A controlled irradiance apparatus in which the radiant energy source is vertically lo
cated at the
central axis of one of the following two racks:
5.2.2.1The specimen rack shall rotate at 1 rpm ± 0.1 rpm and shall be of the three-tiered, inclined type having a
center gment of 965 mm ± 6 mm (38 in ± 0.25 in) outside diameter centered on the xenon arc lamp. The top and bottom gments shall be 842 mm ± 6 mm (33.16 in ± 0.25 in) outside diameter, positioned 22 degrees ± 2 degrees from the vertical. Each tier shall accommodate 152 mm (6 in) specimen holders. The apparatus shall provide for automatic control of temperature, relative humidity, and irradiance at 340 nm1. All specimen exposure openings may be ud.
5.2.2.2The specimen rack shall rotate at 1 rpm ± 0.1 rpm and shall be of the two-tiered, inclined type, 965.2 mm ±
6 mm (38 in ± 0.25 in) outside diameter in the center. The top and bottom gments shall be 872.5 mm ± 6
mm (34.35in ± 0.25 in) outside diameter positioned 11 degrees ± 2 degrees from the vertical. The ra
ck shall be positioned so that the exposure area is centered on the xenon lamp. Each tier shall accommodate 254 mm (10 in) long specimen holders. The apparatus shall provide for automatic control of temperature, relative humidity, and irradiance at 340 nm1. When using this two-tiered specimen rack, the test specimens shall not be placed in positions 1 and 8 (e Figure 1).
5.2.3The xenon arc employed shall be of the “long-arc” water-cooled type. It shall employ cylindrical inner and
outer optical filters to direct the flow of cooling water and to provide a lected spectral power distribution. 5.2.4Distilled or deionized water shall be recirculated past the burner at a flow rate sufficient to remove excess
heat. Passing water through a cartridge demineralizer installed in the recirculation line just ahead of the lamp minimizes contamination of the quartz envelope of the burner. A heat exchange unit shall be ud to cool the recirculated lamp water.
1.The Ci35, Ci35A Xenon Arc Weather-Ometer® or equivalent with factory installed air heater meets the requirements of T ype AH. The Ci65
and Ci65A Xenon Arc Weather-Ometer® or equivalent with factory installed air heater meets the requirements of Type BH.
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FIGURE 1—TWO-TIERED INCLINE SPECIMEN RACK
6.Apparatus Setup
6.1To insure repeatability of tests, maintain and calibrate the apparatus to manufacturer's specifications and as
你是我的女朋友described in Appendix A and B. Appendix A contains additional maintenance instructions and replacement schedules, and Appendix B describes the u of a reference plastic to determine if the xenon arc apparatus is operating properly within the desired range.
6.1.1The input voltage must be between 215 to 250 V.
6.1.2Water for lamp cooling must be purified so that it is free of silica and has no more than 20ppm total dissolved
solids.
6.1.2.1Water ud for the specimen spray and humidification system shall leave no objectionable deposits or
stains on the expod specimens. It is strongly recommended that the water contain a maximum of 1-ppm solids and a maximum of 0.2-ppm silica. Silica levels should be determined using ASTM procedures
D 859 or D 4517. A combination of deionization and rever osmosis treatment can effectively produce
water with the desired purity.
6.1.3Install the specimen spray and the rack spray units.
6.1.4Fit the xenon arc burner with a quartz inner filter and a “Type S” borosilicate outer filter.6.1.5
Set the operation switches/controls as follows in T able 1:
If the proper humidity cannot be achieved, t the air heater switch to dark-on cycle.
6.1.6
Set the thumb wheel controls as follows in Table 2:
6.1.6.1
The are suggested ttings to obtain the specified humidity level. Becau of ambient conditions in the room containing the apparatus, it may be necessary to adjust the wet bulb depression and/or the conditioning water temperature ttings.
6.1.7
Choo the program cycle which provides 120 min of light and 60 min of dark in the following cycle: 40 min of light followed by 20 min of light and front specimen spray, followed by 60 min of light, followed by 60 min of dark with both back and front spray and repeating. The test cycle is shown in Table 3.
NOTE—Urs of instruments that employ a program logic controller (PLC) should consult their manual for
the appropriate program cycle. Others should u a #180 cam.
TABLE 1—OPERATION SWITCHES/CONTROLS
SWITCH
SETTING
Black panel/ambient air Black panel Wattage adjustment Automatic Irradiation/timed Irradiation
Countdown meter Set to required kJ m –2 nm –1 at 340 nm Lamp ignition On Lamp cooling water On Fixed air valve Off Humidifier On Water heater On Air heater On Specimen spray On Rack spray
On
Under the circuit breakers/mode switch cover, t the following:Air heater on cycle Light-on cycle Rack spray light cycle
ouzOff T est chamber/high temperature adjust.
75 °C TABLE 2—THUMB WHEEL CONTROLS
Controls
Dark Cycle Light Cycle
Automatic/irradiance —0.55 W m –2 nm –1 at 340 nm
Black panel temperature
38 °C 70 °C Wet bulb depression (See 6.1.6.1)
0.00 °C 12 °C Conditioning water
40 °C
45 °C
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