ecci考点27 时间状语从句
高考频度：★★★★★
考向一 when/while/as引导的定语从句
一、when引导的时间状语从句
1. when引导的时间状语从句，其动词既可以是延续性动作的动词，也可以是瞬间性动作的动词，而且可以表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，或者从句的动作发生在主句的动作之前。twocold
When you apply for a job, you must prent your credentials. 当你申请工作时，你必须递交你的有关证件。（同时）
When the students heard the teacher’s footsteps, they all atopped talking. 当学生们听到老
师的脚步声时，他们都停止了讲话。（从句动作发生在前）
2. when还可表示just then（正在那时，突然）的意思，此时其所引导的从句只放在主句之后。
be about to do ... when ... 正要去做某事，突然……
be doing ... when ... 正在做某事，突然……
be on the point of doing ... when ... 正在做某事，突然……
We were about to start when it began to rain. 我们正要动身，突然天下起雨来。
The game had hardly/scarcely/barely begun when it started raining. 比赛刚刚开始就下起雨来。
二、while引导的时间状语从句
while表示＂在某一段时间里＂或＂在……期间＂，其所引导的从句的动作是延续性的，并侧重表示和主句的动作同时发生。
When the teacher paraphrad the text in English, the students listened attentively and took notes. 当老师用英语解释课文时，学生们聚精会神地听并做着笔记。
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I can learn while I work. 我可以边工作边学习。
三、as引导的时间状语从句
as引导的时间状语从句其动词的动作是延续性的，而且侧重表示主句和从句的动作交替或同时发生，译为＂一边……，一边……＂或＂随着……＂。
We were having breakfast as she was combing her hair. 她梳头时我们在吃早饭。
It will warm up a little bit on Sunday as the cold front pass. 寒流一过，星期日就会有点暖意了。
1.（2016·全国新课标卷III·语法填空）Over time, 45 the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.
【参考答案】as/when
2.（2016·四川卷·语法填空）The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does. 46 it cried, she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats.
【参考答案】When/If
【答案解析】考查时间状语从句。句意：如果或当它哭的时候，她会前后摇动。故填When/If。
tombstone考向二before引导的时间状语从句
一、before的常见意思
1. before＂在……之前＂。
I have finished my disrtation before my supervisor went abroad. 在我的导师出国之前，我已完成了我的学位论文。
I’ll be back before you have left. 你离开之前我就会回来。
2. before＂……之后才＂。
荷兰的英文翻译It may be many years before we meet again. 可能要过许多年我们才能再见了。
It was three days before he came back. 他三天后才回来。
3. before ＂尚未来得及 ＂
Before she could move, she heard a loud noi, which grew to a terrible roar. 她还没有来得及动弹，就听见有很响的声音，接着就成了可怕的隆隆轰鸣声。
hamaBefore they reached the hou, a new great wave came, sweeping down trees, and sweeping them down too. 他们还没到屋子，又一个巨浪打来，冲倒了树，也冲倒了他们。
4. before ＂要……先……＂
You should be a pupil before you become a teacher. 要当老师，先作学生。
5. before＂趁……＂
You should do it before it is too late. 趁现在还不算太晚，你应该赶快做它。
二、掌握热点句型用法
1. it was（not）/had done＋一段时间＋before（vt-ed）…＂还要过多久才……（不多久就……了）＂
It was not long before he returned to Beijing. 不久他就回到北京。
It was long before he married Wei Fang. 过了很久他才娶魏芳。
2.it will（not）be＋一段时间＋before（一般式）… ＂还要过多久才……（不多久就……了）＂
It will be long before he goes abroad. 要过很久他才出国。
3.there is +一段时间+to go（=left）＋before（一般式）... ＂在……之前＂
4.long before ＂不久前＂, 用于一般过去时和完成时中；before long = soon/not long after ＂不久后＂，用于一般将来时和一般过去时中。inconsolable
1.We need to get to the root of the problem ______________ we can solve it.
A. while B. after C. before D. as
【参考答案】C
2.It ________ long before we ________ the result of the experiment.
A. will not be；will know B. is；will know
C. will not be；know D. is；know
【参考答案】C
【答案解析】句意：不会过很长一段时间我们就会知道实验结果。应使用It was not long before的创新句型It will not be long before，before引导时间状语从句时，从句应用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
2.Scientists say it may be five or six years ________ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.
A. since B. after C. before D. when
【参考答案】C
【答案解析】该句型也是It was not long before的创新句型。句意：科学家说也许再有5年时间这种药就可以在人类身上做实验了。
考向三as soon as/once/directly/the instant等引导的时间状语从句
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as soon as 是最常见的表示＂一……就……＂的从属连词，其他连词还有once（一旦），dizzy gillespiedirectly（老式英国英语），immediately（主要用于英国英语），instantly，the instant (that)，the minute(that) ，the moment(that)等，它们通常都可与as soon as换用。
英语从句As soon as we got home, the telephone rang. 我们一到家，电话就响了。
I recognized her immediately I saw her. 我一看见她就认出她来了。
Directly the teacher came in everyone was quiet. 老师一进来，大家就静了下来。
考向四 when/han引导的时间状语从句
hardly/when和han的意思是＂刚……就＂，它们所引导的从句中的谓语动词通常为过去完成时。
He had no sooner (no sooner had he) arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey. 他刚一到家，就又要他出另一次差。
★ hardly/barely/scarcely和no sooner置于句首时，从句要倒装。
No sooner had the words been spoken than he realized that he should have remained silent. 这些话刚一出口，他就意识到自己应该保持沉默。
考向五since引导的时间状语从句
在含有since引导的时间状语从句的复合句中，从句的谓语动词通常为一般过去时，主句的谓语动词通常为现在完成时。
