Unit9KidsandComputersDigitalDanger练习答案
Unit 9
Kids and Computers: Digital Danger
Consolidation Activities
I. Text Comprehension
1. Decide which of the following best states the author's purpo.
A. To contrast video games with conventional games.
B. To prent his view on the negative effect of video games.
C. To exhibit the positive effect of conventional games.
D. To display how to develop children's intelligence.
Key: [ A ]
2. Judge, according to the text, whether the following statements are true or fal.
1). Athletic activities help kids develop team spirit, gain confidence and a n of fair play. [ T ]
2). Social scientists, parents, and critics will be debating for a long time how children have been affected by the change in the concept of play. [ T ]
3). The author is in favor of neither video nor conventional games. [ F ]
4). The fun a video game gives its player is only momentary and unsatisfying becau it is derived from watching someone el's creation rather than from his own achievement. [ T ]
5). On Saturday, a young Internet queen hunches over her keyboard, alone in her room. Her buddy list includes dozens, even scores, of "friends" she's met. [ F ]
6). Children are learning in video games that they can enjoy their own activities and still be nsitive to the larger world around them. [ F ]
II. Writing Strategies
The text is a good piece of persuasive writing, the aim of which is to persuade the reader into believing what the writer thinks is true or correct. It is well-organized, falling neatly into three parts: the first two paragraphs the introduction, paragraphs 3--8 the body, and the last two short paragraphs the ending. The author's belief concerning the impact of computer games on kids is explicitly stated in the introduction after comparing the traditional games and the new forms of entertainment.
Can you identify the ntence that states the author's view?
The last ntence in paragraph 2 states the author's view.
The main method ud in this persuasive essay is contrast. Apart from the contrast made between two general types of games in the introduction, the author further adheres to contrast as his major means of development in the body of the essay. What contrasts has he made here? And what conclusions has he reached after each contrast?
Three contrasts have been made in paragraphs 3--8, one in every two
concutive paragraphs.
Paragraphs 3--4: the contrast between Play-Doh and video games
The conclusion: the former is creative and the latter is not.
Paragraphs 5--6: the contrast between soccer games and chatting on the net.
The conclusion: The former helps develop kids' social abilities while the
latter renders the kids poor at handling interpersonal relationships.
Paragraphs 7--8: the contrast between Monopoly and video games.
The conclusion: While playing the former, the kids are still nsitive to the
larger world around them. When playing the latter, they are simply
confined to their own world.
The way the author ends the essay derves our special attention. Instead of re-stating his view at the end, as is often the ca, the author us two short and simple questions.
Do you think this is an effective way to bring the essay to a clo?
The last two questions, one an elliptical question and the other a rhetorical
question, most effectively bring the essay to a clo. The elliptical ntence
forcefully pushes the reader to the thought of the grave conquence the digital
games are likely to have. As the author's view has been explicitly asrted at the
beginning of the essay, repetition may not be necessary. A rhetorical question
here is a more effective way of saying "It is too awful to think about the lesson." III. Language Work
1.Explain the underlined part in each ntence in your own words.
1). When she tires of it, she can wad it back into a shapeless mass.
→ is fed up with
2). The player is as much a tool of the game as the joystick.
→ nothing but a tool of the game like the joystick
3). In the buddy-chat world, status is bad on the ability to keep up a rapid pace of one-liners, insulting zingers, caustic put-downs.
→ to come up with quickly
4). I shouldn't have to work at relationships. They come and go instantly and at my convenience.
→ endeavor to enhance; according to my wish
5). Even when spoken to directly, he does not pull his eyes from the screen.
→ look away
6). Far too often, even his parents, intimidated by the high-priced, high-tech gadget that has sucked their child's humanity away, tiptoe around rather than disturb him.
→has deprived their child of humanity
2. Fill in each blank with one of the two words from each pair in their appropriate forms and note the difference of meaning between them.
solitary lonely
1). I would imagine she is quite lonely living on her own through the long summer nights.
2). It was lonely work, involving long flights often at extreme high altitudes in freezing cold, to keep above the rvice ceiling of enemy fighters.
3). Reading is a solitary activity that enriches the mind.
大雾天气 英文4). Most of their time is spent in solitary prayer, but twice a day they would gather at a chapel in the central building.
compare contrast
1). The boy's bedroom contrasts sharply with the guestroom in terms of light.
2). I can only compare this experience of mine to that of falling in love.
3). The flat was really very nice, but compared with what we ud to have, it was a terrible letdown.esperanza spalding
4). There are in the room chairs and sofas of contrasting shapes and colours.
momentary temporary
1). Your debt situation is only temporary, and it is within your power to resolve it.
2). The momentary pau of the speaker was immediately followed by cheers and applau.
英语演讲主题3). Under law, your employer has the power to hire a temporary worker to replace you.
4). He rejects the view that violent people act out of momentary passion; on the contrary, they consciously construct violent plans of action for long.
debate argue
traffic lights
1). They argued ferociously over who should pay the bill.
2). The Hou of Commons is to debate once again whether to bring back the death penalty.
3). Bank officials argued that it is not their job to cha down every ast of every bank debtor.
4). Articles poured in, debating the merits and demerits of the three candidates.
3. Fill in the blank in each ntence with a word or phra taken from the box, using its appropriate form.
solitary intimidate furious coordination momentary pundit
tangible illusion ingenious void cynically instantaneous
1). Town planning and land allocation has to be coordinated.
2). She admits that her height is intimidating for some men.
3). Most young people in the West are expected to leave what could be the life's most momentous decision — marriage —almost entirely up to luck.
4). What decided him was a cynical question: "If I fail, I'll be no wor off than I am now, will I?"
5). He was forced to romanticize the past as he became increasingly disillusioned with his prent.
6). The approach fails to take into consideration intangibles such as pride of workmanship, loyalty and work habits.
7). The declaration was null and void as it was proclaimed in completely illegal circum-stances.
8). Abortion is an issue which has produced a lot of sound and fury, but little reasoned argument.
学府考研4. Make a ntence of your own for each of the given words with meanings other than tho ud in the text. You may change the part of speech of the words.
1). fair
→ In an effort to look older, she has pinned her fair hair into a French pleat.
2). peck
→ She walked up and pecked him on the cheek.
3). sterile
→ The doctor always made sure that any cuts were protected by sterile dressings.
4). ward
→ The main part of the hospital is pretty dismal, but the children's ward is really lovely.
5). stalk
→ The decorations were made out of delicate arrangement of corn stalks.
6). hunch
→Acting on a hunch, he ran a computer check over the statistics reported by his subordinates.
5. Transform the following ntences, using existential there.
1). Some people will be looking forward to your success in the experiment.
→ There will be people looking forward to your success in the experiment.
2). A lawn extends from the hou to the river.
→ There is a lawn that extends from the hou to the river.complain
3). Many accidents have occurred at the crossroads since the beginning of this year.
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→ There have been many accidents at the crossroads since the beginning of this year.
4). A meeting is to be held about the planning of the university.
→ There is to be a meeting about the planning of the university.
5). A large number of valuable jewels were stolen last week.
→ There were a large number of valuable jewels stolen last week.
6). An important message is being decoded.
→There is an important message being decoded. / There is being decoded an important message.
7). We have no objection to anyone borrowing books from this library.
→ We have no objection to there being anyone borrowing books from this library. 8). They do not want anything unexpected to occur.
→ They do not want there to be anything unexpected.
9). Any plant needs light and water.
→ There is no plant that doesn't need light and water.
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10). A time will come when you will look back on this day with pride.
→ There will be a time when you will look back on this day with pride
Note:
Existential ntences are principally tho beginning with the unstresd word there, followed by a form of the verb be. Existential there, which for most purpos is the "grammatical" subject, is a device for leaving the subject position vacant of content, and may be regarded as an empty "slot-filler". Regular claus may be transformed into existential claus by means of a general rule:
subject + (auxiliaries) + be + predication=> there + (auxiliaries) + be + subject + predication
6. Put a word in each blank that is appropriate for the context.
For years, it was predicted that libraries would become superfluous mausoleums for books ― when so much was available online. Indeed, library visits now far exceed annual (1) attendance at sporting events, concerts, and muums combined. It turns out that the very electronic revolution that was (2) suppod to make libraries obsolete has made them indispensable. "Computers have attracted all kinds of people who had never been in libraries before (3) but want to rearch what camera to buy
or just e what's for sale on E-Bay," says Martin Mason, who oversaw the five-year $90 million renovation and expansion of the Cleveland Public Library, (4) which reopened with Internet ports every 5 feet, a drive-up window for pickups and returns, and 30 miles of bookshelves.
Even as technology lightens some of the load, a recent convention of the American Library Association showed that it brings complications, too. Electronic books that can be downloaded on (5) demand will offer relief for cramped stacks, but publishers have yet to decide (6) how to charge libraries for the rvice. And (7) while more than 80% of libraries offer Internet access, the debate over (8) whether to install anti-pornography filters has yet to be ttled, which gets at a very old-fashioned (9) conflict between the library's role as caretaker of books and rver of the public. As Ginnie Cooper, director of libraries for Mulnomah County, put it, "It's more important to help people find what they want on the Net (10) rather than decide what they can't e."
IV. Translation
1. Translating Sentences
1). 总的说来，这个公司的前景显得相当美好。(outlook)
→ Overall the outlook for the company ems fairly rosy.
2). 我不赞同⼉童玩电⼦游戏的⼀个原因是其中有太多的假想的暴⼒场⾯。(make-believe)→ One of reasons why I disapprove of kids playing video games is that there tend to be too many make-believe scenes of violence.
3). ⼀天⼜⼀天做同样形式的练习会让学⽣厌倦这些练习。(tire of)
→ Doing the same type of exercis day after day would easily get students tired of them.
4). 我已安排好周四同他共进午餐，届时我将向他透露我的计划。(unfold)
如何开发儿童智力
→I've arranged a lunch with him next Thursday at which I'm going to unfold my proposal.
5). 请填好所附表格，尽快寄往所⽰地址。(at one's convenience)
→Plea fill in the form attached and nd it to the address shown at your earliest convenience.
6). 美国总统竞选中最厉害的奚落语之⼀是“他绝不是杰克·肯尼迪”。(put-down)
→ One of the biggest put-downs of the American presidential election campaign was the comment that he was "no Jack Kennedy".
7). ⼀位英国学者最近在《⾃然》杂志上撰⽂指出，⼈类的⼀切⾏为都是为了引起他⼈的注意。(engage one's attention)
→Recently a British scholar wrote in Nature, pointing out that all the human acts are intended to engage others' attention. 8). 为了帮助他们的孩⼦获得社会竞争的信⼼，家长经常在家庭游戏⽐赛中故意输给孩⼦。(gain confidence)
→ In order to help their kids gain confidence in social competition, parents often pretend to lo in games at home.
2. Translating Passage
Translate the following into Chine.
A long, long time ago, people ro with the sun, and t with it. Nobody cared if it was sunny somewhere el. Voices didn't carry across the planet. Time was a local concept: time to milk the cows, time to get in the wheat and rice, time to sit and rest. Who knows when the changes began; all the have changed. Today, commerce and communication never cea but go around the clock. On cable TV news shows, event did not happen at such and such hour, but an hour or thirty minutes ago. Local time is no longer the meaning marker of events.
参考译⽂
从前，⼈们⽇出⽽作，⽇落⽽息。没有⼈关⼼其他地⽅是否阳光灿烂。声⾳传达不到地球的另⼀端。时间只是⼀个区域性概念：挤⽜奶有规定的时间，收割稻麦有规定的时间，坐下来休息也有规定的时间。不知从哪⼀天起，这些事情都发⽣了变化。今天，商务和通讯24⼩时不停地进⾏着。有线电视新闻节⽬中报道的事件不再是哪个⼩时发⽣的，⽽是⼀⼩时或30分钟前的事情。当地时间不再是⼀个有意义的事件标志。
V. Oral Activities吸血鬼日记插曲
1.Giving A Talk
I remember reading an article a few years ago about the headaches that TV caud to parents. And today it’s the turn of digital games to give a lot of troubles to parents that have found their kids engrosd in various video games. Probably you are still in your teens. Can you tell some story about how you indulged yourlf in computer games?
