大学生英语竞赛A类阅读理解专项强化真题试卷13 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有：1.
Every year, millions of people want to lo weight or get into shape but lack the time or motivation to go to a fitness club or to do an exerci program at home on a regular basis. Many of the same people have probably considered hiring a personal trainer, a fitness professional who guides clients through individualized workouts. Most personal trainers work in fitness clubs, but some conduct business in their own private studios, or in the homes of their clients. The job of a personal trainer is to teach safe and effective exerci techniques that are designed for the specific needs and limitations of the client. A trainer can be hired for short-term or long-term periods, depending on the client’ s needs. Mark Jenkins is a personal trainer who has become famous for his work with the musicians Scan “8006P Diddy” Combs. LL Cool J, Mary J Bilge, Missy Elliot, and Beyonce. He gets the superstars in shape for the rigors of performing nearly every night. “I have built my reputation on getting my clients in their best-ever condition in the shortest length of time,” J
enkins said. “Part of my success has to do with knowledge, motivational skills, and ability to connect , with people, but most of my success has to do with the state of mind of the person I am training. The truth about health and fitness is that you have to want to get off the bench and be a participant in life, not a spectator! This is my celebrity-training cret; I only take on clients who have this passion or are open to and truly desire change. In recent years, more people than ever have developed a fitness passion. In the United States, there is an ever-growing demand for fitness products and rvices, which is caud by a number of factors. For a start, there is an increasing population of people over age fifty-live who want to stay lit. In addition, the growing obesity problem among adults and children alike—a problem Jenkins can identify with—needs to be addresd. As a child, Jenkins was so overweight that other children tagged him with the nickname, “Suck in the Gut. “hassan No one believed that fitness would be as huge a market as it is now , but being a fat kid, I knew there had to be a whole bunch of other fat kids like me with the same issues and problems.” Jenkins said. “What people don’t realize is, not only is obesity a health problem, but it also affects your lf-esteem, so it can quickly turn into a
psychological problem as well.” Finally, there is an acceptance among Americans that spending money on fitness is not only good but also a virtue. The demand for all things related to fitness has created a great demand for personal trainers, which is expected to increa 27 percent in the United Stales by the year 2016, according to the US Bureau of Labor and Statistics. It is a common misconception that a personal trainer is simply an exerci partner or a “cheerleader” for a person who wants to get into shape. Becoming a personal trainer requires taking cours in anatomy, physiology, kinesiology, injury prevention, training techniques, an emergency techniques like CPR. It can take anywhere from six months to two years to become a certified trainer, depending on the program. There are a number of organizations that offer personal trainer certification, and some are better than others. Some programs, for instance, offer certification after the completion of online cours and do not require practical experience or an internship. Obviously, a program that requires more than just book knowledge will produce better-prepared and more knowledgeable trainers. Jenkins, for example, sharpened his personal training skills in the US Navy, helping a fellow cadet who was threatened with di
scharge for being too heavy. “He was my first ‘victim, ‘ “ Jenkins joked. If the trend for personal trainers continues as predicted, he will have many more. Many people in the US want to【75】______, but they lack the time or motivation. This is where personal trainers【76】______. Personal trainers teach effective exerci techniques as they guide clients through individualized【77】______. They design programs that【78】______ their clients limitations and fitness goals. One reason personal trainers are【79】______ is that America is suffering an obesity epidemic. People want to avoid labels like the one personal trainer Mark Jenkins was tagged with as a child: “ Suck in the Gut”. Personal trainers require extensive training before they become【80】______, The demand for personal trainers is expected to increa by 27 percent by the year 2016.
1．
正确答案：get into shape
解析：(参见文章首段首句。)
2．
正确答案：come in
解析：(这里指“这个人群中很多人考虑雇佣私人教练，这就是私人教练的由来”。)
3．
正确答案：workouts／programs
解析：(参见首段第二句句尾。)
4．
正确答案：meet／suit／take into account
解析：(第一段倒数第二句指出，私人教练的任务就是教授安全有效的训练技巧，这些训练是为客户的特殊需求与身体极限设计的。)
5．
正确答案：so popular
解析：(第四段提到“近年来，越来越多的人对健身产生了热情”，“对健身产品和服务的需求量日益增大”。)
6．
正确答案：certified／qualified
解析：(倒数第二段提到，要成为“certified trainer”之前需要大量的训练。)
Every year since 1998, Fortune Magazine has published a list of the “100 Best Companies to Work For”. How does the magazine choo the companies? Firstly, it us a survey. 350 employees answer fifty-ven questions about their company. Secondly, Fortune Magazine looks at important features of companies: for example, pay, benefits, and communication between workers and management. Finally, the magazine compares the results to find its Top 100. To a certain extent, the results are guesswork, but the companies on the list, by and large, have many things in common: they pay their employ
ees well, they allow workers to make decisions, and they offer a comfortable workplace. Broadly speaking, however, the winners tend to offer something a-bove and beyond the norm. J. M. Smucker, a jam and jelly company, gives its workers free muffins and bagels for breakfast: at Griffin Hospital, employees get free massages: a bank called First Horizon National gives its employees time off to visit their children’clever什么意思s classrooms. Wegmans Food Markets nt one worker on a ten-day trip to London, Paris and Italy to learn about chee. This is not unusual for the New York-bad company, which is well-known for the scholarships it gives its employees to further their education. At W. L. Gore, workers decide on their colleagues’ salaries. Surprisingly enough, the most important thing for employees is not money. It is freedom to develop ideas. Timberland offers a six-month paid sabbatical for employees who have “a personal dream that benefits the community”. Let’s not forget that all the companies are business who priority is making money. They have to make a profit. And do they? Seemingly, the answer is a big “yes”. The number one company on Fortune’s 2005 list, Wegmans, makes a fortune. The company, which has a motto, “Employees first, customers cond” , is one of the fifty larg
est private companies in the US, with annual sales of $ 3. 6 billion, according to Forbes magazine. Apparently, being good to your employees is no obstacle to making money. How much of Wegmans’ success is due to the company’s policies? “ Up to a point, the success is becau of the freedom they give us,” says one employee. “ On the other hand, no company gets rich just by being nice. Wegmans has great marketing strategies and it’s well-positioned within the community. I’ve been here for fifteen years. Looking back, I’d say that the company’s innovations for customers, such as the Shoppers’ Club electronic discount programme in the 90s, have been just as important as the benefits to staff. “ But the employee benefits are striking. Fundamentally, Wegmans believes in professional development. As well as scholarships, the company gives its employees business opportunities. For years, one employee made delicious cookies for her colleagues. Eventually, she started lling the cookies in Wegmans. “I just asked the manager,” she says. “新概念英语听力With hindsight, I should have asked earlier. I could have made more money!” The staff’s freedom to make decisions is another thing you won’t find everywhere. Esntially, Wegmans wants its workers to do almost anything to keep the c
ustomers happy. Believe it or not, an employee once cooked a Thanksgiving turkey in the store for a customer becau the woman瘾科技’s turkey, bought in Wegmans, was too big for her oven. One manager says, “We’re a ＄3 billion company run by sixteen-year-old cashiers. “
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7． According to Fortune Magazine, the gbl“ 100 Best Companies to Work For” are chon by a comparison of______, such as salary, benefits and so on.
正确答案：important features of companies
解析：(第一段指出pay，benefits等评价标准都属于important features of companies。)
8． The survey conducted by Fortune Magazine infers that employees consider______as the most important instead of high salary to decide which company to work for.
正确答案：freedom to develop ideas
解析：(第二段倒数第二句和第三句提到，员工最看重的不是薪水高低而是自由构思的优待。)
9． The employees of Wegmans attribute the company’s success to veral factors, that is, freedom, ______, the company’s innovations for customers and benefits to staff.
正确答案：well-positioned(great)marketing strategies
解析：(第四段在讲述Wegmans的成功时提到三点因素，即员工的自由权利、成功市场策略的良好定位以及针对消费者的创新。)
10． Business opportunities and______are mentioned as the professional development staff can enjoy in Wegmans.
正确答案：scholarships
解析：(第五段主要讲述员工福利。根据As well as scholarships，the company gives its employeesbusiness opportunities可知，除了商业机会，员工还可享受用于继续教育的奖金。)
11． The story that an employee of Wegmans once cooked a Thanksgiving turkey in the store for a customer indicates that employees there are free to______.
handsome是什么意思中文正确答案：make decision
解析：(这个例子出现在最后一段，这一段强调Wegmans希望员工心情愉悦，支持他们做出自己的决定，就算是为顾客烤火鸡这种事情也不例外。)
Being the founder of the Internet’s largest encyclopaedia means Jimmy Wales gets a lot of bizarre emails. There are correspondents who assume he wrote Wikipedia himlf and is therefore an expert on everything—like the guy who found some strange chemicals in his late grandfather’s attic and wanted Wales to tell him what to do with them. There are kooks who claim to have found, say, a 9,000-year-old fifteen-foot human skeleton and wonder if Wales would be interested. But the emails that make him laugh out loud come from concerned newcomers who didn’t know even the basic function of Wikipedia and have just discovered they have total freedom to edit a Wikipedia entry at the click of a button. “Oh my God,” they write, “you’ve got a major curity flaw. Wikiped
ia is a free open-source encyclopaedia, which basically means that anyone can log on and add to it or edit it. And they do. It has a stunning 1. 5 million entries in venty-six languages—and counting. Academics are upt by what they e as info anarchy. An Encyclopaedia Britanica editor once likened Wikipedia to a public toilet at becau you don’t know who ud it last. Loyal urs claim that collaboration improves articles over time. But what exactly is a wiki and how does it work? Wikis are deceptively simple pieces of software that you can download for free. You then u them to t up a website that can be edited by anyone you like. Need to solve a thorny business problem overnight and all the members of your team are in different time zones? Start a wiki. Wikipedia is the cumulative work of 16, 000 people, the bulk of it done by a hard-core group of around 1,000 volunteers. Its 500, 000 entries in English alone make it far larger than the Encyclopaedia Britannica. And Wales pays just one employee who keeps the rvers ticking. Naturally there are a lot of idiots, vandals and fanatics, who take advantage of Wikipedia’package dats open system to deface, delete or push one-sided views. Sometimes extreme action has to be taken. For example, Wales locked the entries on Jo
hn Kerry and George W. Bush for most of the 2004 Presidential election campaign. But for the most part, the geeks have a huge advantage: they care more. According to an MIT study, obscene comments randomly inrted on Wikipedia are removed within 100 conds, on average. Vandals might as well as be spray-painting walls with disappearing ink. As for edit wars, in which two geeks with opposing views delete each other’s asrtions over and over, well, they’re not much of a problem the days. All kinds of viewpoints co-exist in the same article. Take the entry on Wikipedia: “Wikipedia has been criticized for a perceived lack of reliability, comprehensiveness and authority. 新老gre分数换算“ Indeed, Larry Sanger, Wikipedia’s former editor-in-chief(now a university lecturer), still loves the site but thinks his fellow professionals have a point. “ The wide-open nature of the Internet encourages people to disregard the importance of experti ,” he says. Sanger doesn’t let his students u Wikipedia for their papers, partly becau he knows they could confirm anything they like by adding it themlves.
