WHO/NCD/NCS/99.2
Original: English
Distr.: General Definition, Diagnosis
peach的复数形式and Classification
of Diabetes Mellitus
and its Complications
Report of a WHO Consultation
Part 1: Diagnosis and Classification of
Diabetes Mellitus
World Health Organization
Department of Noncommunicable Dia Surveillance
Geneva父亲节快乐英文怎么写
© World Health Organization 1999
This document is not a formal publication of the World Health Organization (WHO), and all rights are rerved by the Organization. The document may, however, be freely reviewed, abstracted, reproduced and translated, in part or in whole, but not for sale nor for u in conjunction with
commercial purpos.
The views expresd in documents by named authors are solely the responsibility of tho authors
Contents
1. Introduction1
2. Definition and diagnostic criteria for diabetes mellitus and
other categories of gluco intolerance2
2.1 Definition2
2.2 Diagnosis and diagnostic criteria3url什么意思
2.2.1 Diagnosis3
2.2.2 Diabetes in children4
2.3 Diagnostic criteria4
yahoo翻译2.3.1 Change in diagnostic value for fasting
plasma/blood gluco concentrations5
2.3.2 Epidemiological studies6
2.3.3 Individual diagnosis7
3. Classification8wk
3.1 Earlier classifications8
3.2 Revid classification9
3.2.1 Application of the new classification9
3.3 Terminology (Table 2)11
4. Clinical staging of diabetes mellitus and other categories
of gluco tolerance (Figure 2) 14
4.1 Diabetes mellitus14
4.2 Impaired gluco regulation - Impaired Gluco
Tolerance and Impaired Fasting Glycaemia14
4.3 Normoglycaemia16
5. Aetiological types (e also ction 7. and Table 2)17
whatever it takes5.1 Type 117
5.2 Type 218
5.3 Other specific types (Table 3)18
6. Gestational Hyperglycaemia and Diabetes19
6.1 Diagnosis of gestational diabetes20
7. Description of aetiological types21
7.1 Type 1 (beta-cell destruction, usually leading to
absolute insulin deficiency)21
7.1.1 Autoimmune Diabetes Mellitus2146级查询成绩
7.1.2 Idiopathic22
7.2 Type 2 (predominantly insulin resistance with relative
insulin deficiency or predominantly an insulin
cretory defect with/without insulin resistance)23
7.3 Other Specific Types25
7.3.1 Genetic defects of beta-cell function25
7.3.2 Genetic defects in insulin action26
7.3.3 Dias of the exocrine pancreas27
7.3.4 Endocrinopathies27
杭州会计培训7.3.5 Drug- or chemical-induced diabetes28
7.3.6 Infections28
7.3.7 Uncommon but specific forms of
immune-mediated diabetes mellitus29
7.3.8 Other genetic syndromes sometimes
associated with diabetes30 8. The Metabolic Syndrome31
8.1 Definition32
8.2 Future needs33 References34 Annex 1 The Oral Gluco Tolerance Test48 Annex 2 Methods for measuring substances in blood and urine49
Members
KGMM Alberti, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK (Co–Chairman)
P Aschner, ACD and Javerlana University, Bogota, Colombia
J–P Assal, University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
PH Bennett, NIDDK, Phoenix, AZ, USA
L Groop, University of Lund, Malmö, Sweden
J Jervell, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
Y Kanazawa, Jichi Medical School, Omiya, Japan
H Keen, Guy's Hospital and Medical School, London, UK
R Klein, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison, WI, USA J–C Mbanya, Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Yaoundé,
Cameroon
D McCarty, International Diabetes Institute, Caulfield, Australia
(Rapporteur)
A Motala, University of Natal, Congella, South Africa
Pan X–R, China–Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China PR
(decead 8 July 1997)
A Ramachandran, Diabetes Rearch Centre, Madras, India
英语广告N Samad, Dow Medical College & Civil Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan N Unwin, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK (Rapporteur)
雪佛兰广告背景音乐
P Vardi, Schneider Children's Centre, Petah–Tikvah, Israel
PZ Zimmet, International Diabetes Institute, Caulfield, Australia (Co–Chairman)
Secretariat
A Alwan, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
H King, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
