孙子兵法The Art of War 孙武 By Sun Tzu
Tran slated by Lionel Giles
始计第一
Lay ing Plans
孙子曰：兵者，国之大事，死生之地，存亡之道，不可不察也。
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Sun Tzu said: The art of war is of vital importa nee to the State. It is a matter of life and death, a road either to safety or to ruin. Hence it is a subject of inquiry which can on no acco unt be n eglected.
故经之以五事，校之以计，而索其情：一曰道，二曰天，三曰地, 四曰将，五曰法。
The art of war, the n, is gover ned by five con sta nt factors, to be take n into acco unt in on e's deliberatio ns, whe n ek ing to determ ine the con diti ons obta ining in the field. The are: (1) The Moral Law; (2) Heave n; (3) Earth; (4) The Comma nder; (5) Method and
discipli ne.
道者，令民于上同意，可与之死，可与之生，而不危也；
The Moral Law caus the people to be in complete accord with their ruler, so that they will follow him regardless of their lives, un dismayed by any dan ger.
天者，阴阳、寒暑、时制也；
Heave n sig ni fies ni ght and day, cold and heat, times and as ons.
地者，远近、险易、广狭、死生也；
Earth compris dista nces, great and small; dan ger and curity; ope n ground and n arrow pass; the cha nces of life and death.
将者，智、信、仁、勇、严也；
The Comma nder sta nds for the virtues of wisdom, sin cerely, ben evole nee, courage and strict ness.
法者，曲制、官道、主用也。
cad机械制图培训By method and discipli ne are to be un derstood the marshali ng of the army in its proper subdivisi ons, the graduati ons of rank among the officers, the maintenance of roads by which supplies may reach the army, and the con trol of military expe nditure.
凡此五者，将莫不闻，知之者胜，不知之者不胜。
The five heads should be familiar to every gen eral: he who knows them will be victorious; he who knows them not will fail.
故校之以计，而索其情，曰：主孰有道？
Therefore, in your deliberati ons, whe n ek ing to determ ine the military con diti on s, let them be made the basis of a comparis on, in this wi:--
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将孰有能？天地孰得？法令孰行？兵众孰强？ 士卒孰练？赏罚孰 明？吾以此知胜负矣。
(1) Which of the two sovereig ns is imbued with the Moral law? (2) Which of the two gen
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英文作文题目>损失英语erals has most ability? (3) With whom lie the adva ntages derived from Heave n and Earth? (4) On which side is discipli ne most rigorously en forced? (5) Which army is str on ger? (6) On which side are officers and men more highly train ed? (7) In which army is there the greater con sta ncy both in reward and puni shme nt?
By means of the ve n con sideratio ns I can forecast victory or defeat.
将听吾计，用之必胜，留之；将不听吾计，用之必败，去之。
kangaroosThe gen eral that hearke ns to my coun l and acts upon it, will conq uer: let such a one be reta ined in comma nd! The gen eral that hearke ns not to my coun l nor acts upon it, will suffer defeat:--let such a one be dismisd!
计利以听，乃为之势，以佐其外。
While headi ng the profit of my coun l, avail yourlf also of any helpful circumsta nces over and bey ond the ordinary rules.
势者，因利而制权也。
Accord ing as circumsta nces are favorable, one should modify on e's pla ns.
兵者，诡道也。
All warfare is bad on decepti on.
故能而示之不能，用而示之不用，近而示之远，远而示之近。
Hen ce, whe n able to attack, we must em un able; whe n using our forces, we must em in active; whe n we are n ear, we must make the en emy believe we are far away; whe n far away, we must make him believe we are n ear.
利而诱之，乱而取之，
Hold out baits to en tice the en emy. Feig n disorder, and crush him.
实而备之，强而避之，
If he is cure at all poin ts, be prepared for him. If he is in superior stre ngth, evade him.
怒而挠之，卑而骄之，
If your opp onent is of choleric temper, ek to irritate him. Prete nd to be weak, that he may grow arroga nt.
佚而劳之，亲而离之，
If he is tak ing his ea, give him no rest. If his forces are un ited, parate them.
攻其无备，出其不意。
中秋快乐英文beefyAttack him where he is un prepared, appear where you are not expected.
此兵家之胜，不可先传也。
The military devices, lead ing to victory, must not be divulged beforeha nd.
夫未战而庙算胜者，得算多也；未战而庙算不胜者，得算少也。多 算胜少算，而况于无算乎！吾以此观之，胜负见矣。
Now the gen eral who wins a battle makes many calculati ons in his temple where the battle is fought. The gen eral who los a battle makes but few calculati ons beforeha nd. Thus do many calculati ons lead to victory, and few calculati ons to defeat: how much more no calculati on at all! It is by atte ntio n to this point that I can foree who is likely to win or lo.
作战第二
II.Waging War
tera官网孙子曰：凡用兵之法，驰车千驷，革车千乘，带甲十万，千里馈 粮。则内外之费，宾客之用，胶 漆之材，车甲之奉，日费千金，然后十万之师举矣。
Sun Tzu said: In the operati ons of war, where there are in the field a thousa nd swift chariots, as many heavy chariots, and a hun dred thousa nd mail-clad soldiers, with provisi ons eno ugh to carry them a thousa nd li, the expe nditure at home and at the fron t, i ncludi ng en terta inment of guests, small items such as glue and paint, and sums spe
nt on chariots and armor, will reach the total of a thousa nd oun ces of silver per day. Such is the cost of rais ing an army of 100,000 men.
