UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS
课文译文
Listening and Speaking
听力原文
Listening and Speaking
News report 1
airmanGood morning, it’s 17 April. A strong earthquake hit Ecuador yesterday. The 7.8-magnitude earthquake damaged many buildings, and early reports said that about 230 people were killed and more than 1, 500 were injured. Volunteers and rescue workers are helping the survivors
News report 2
Good evening. Today is 27 March. More news about the floods in central China. The government is helping more than 12,000 people in Hunan and Jiangxi get away from the rising water. Homes and lan
d have been destroyed, but no one has been killed. Rescue workers and soldiers are working day and night to make sure that people are safe. They are also bringing food and water to tho who homes were lost in the disaster.
News report 3
Breaking news, Saturday 12 August. A tornado was just en in southern Memphis. Eyewitness said that at 9: , the tornado destroyed four homes. A police officer tells us that at least one person has died. More tornados are possible, and the police advi avoiding the area.
News report 4
And in Seoul, a landslide damaged a library and a supermarket in a southern neighbourhood. The landslide was caud by the heavy rain that has fallen in Seoul over the past week. According to the police no one was injured in the landslide, but veral cars were damaged. Tho are the top news for today, Wednesday 21 July.
Reading and Thinking
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN’T SLEEP
地球的一个不眠之夜
crisscross
Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei. For veral days, the water in the village wells ro and fell, ro and fell. There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls. At least one well had some smelly gas coming out of it. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat, and dogs refud to go inside buildings. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide, and fish jumped out of the water. At about 3：, on 28 July 1976, bright lights were en in the sky outside the city of Tangshan and loud nois were heard. But the city’s one million people were asleep as usual that night.河北省东北部的农村地区怪事连连：一连几天，村子里的井水升升降降，起起伏伏，井壁上出现了深深的裂缝。至少有一口水井的裂缝冒出臭气。鸡甚至猪都焦虑不安，不愿进食；狗拒绝进入屋内。老鼠跑到田外，寻找藏身之所，鱼儿也跳出水面。1976年7月28日凌晨3: 00左右，唐山城外的天空中出现了耀眼亮光，接着又传来巨大的声响。然而，那天晚上城里的百万居民仍像往常一样沉睡在梦乡。
At 3:, everything began to shake. It emed as if the world were coming to an end! Eleven kilometres directly below the city, one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caud damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing. Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it! A huge crack, eight kilometres long and 30 metres wide, cut across ho
us, roads, and waterways. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins. Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured. Thousands of children were left without parents. The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.
凌晨3: 42，万物开始摇晃，仿佛世界末日即将来临！在城市正下方的11千米处，20世纪伤害最严重之一的地震爆发了，远在150多千米以外的北京都受到了这场地震的破坏，全国几乎三分之一的地区均有震感！一条8千米长、30米宽的巨大裂缝横切房屋、道路和水路。坚硬的石山变成了泥沙流。在不到一分钟的时间里，一座大城市沦为废墟。城里三分之二的居民在地震中死亡或受伤，数以千计的孩子失去了父母。在此次地震中丧亡或身受重伤的人数超过了40万。
Everywhere survivors looked, there was nothing but ruins. Nearly everything in the city was destroyed. About 75 percent of the city’s factories and buildings, 90 percent of its homes, and all of its hospitals were gone. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves, but no wind could blow them away. Most bridges had fallen or were not safe to cross. The railway tracks were now uless pieces of metal. Tens of thousands of cows, hundreds of thousands of pigs, and millions of chickens were dead. Sand now filled the wells instead of water. People were in shock—and then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again. Even more buildings fell down. Water, food, an
d electricity were hard to get. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.
幸存者目及之处无一不是废墟，万物尽毁。市内大约75%的工厂和大楼、90%的住房和所有的医院都倒塌了。砖块就像秋天的红叶覆盖着地面，但是却没有风能将其吹走。大多数桥梁不是坍塌了就是无法安全通行了。铁轨变成了废金属块；数万头奶牛、数十万头猪和数百万只鸡也都死掉了。沙子灌满水井，井水消失殆尽。人们惊恐万状，然而临近傍晚时分，又一次强烈的地震撼动唐山。更多的楼房倒塌了。没有水、食物，电也停了。人们心里开始疑惑这场灾难还会持续多久。
But hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, the army nt 150, 000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out tho who were trapped and to bury the dead. More than 10, 000 doctors and nurs came to provide medical care. Workers built shelters for survivors who homes had been destroyed. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped. Water and food were brought into the city by train, truck, and plane. Slowly, the city began to breathe again.
然而，希望尚存。地震发生后不久，部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中抢救出来，并掩埋了死者。上万名医疗工作者赶到现场，救死扶伤。工人为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所，数十万的群众获到了帮助，火车、卡车和飞机给城市运来了食物和饮用水。慢慢地，这座城市又开始恢复了生机。
瞬息万变
Tangshan started to revive itlf and get back up on its feet. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city’s people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. The new city has become a home to more than ven million people, with great improvements in transportation, industry, and environment. Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
唐山重新站起来并获得了新生。有了来自政府的大力支持以及唐山人民的不懈努力，一座新的唐山against
在废墟中被建立起来。这座新的城市已经成为700多万人的家园，交通、工业和环境都得到了巨大的改善。唐山向中国、向世界证明，在自然灾难中，人民必须勠力同心，保持乐观的心态和重建家园的决心。
Listening and Talking
听力原文
Teacher: Thank you, Mrs Fors. That was a great prentation! Class, do you have any questions for Mrs Fors?
Student 1: Mrs Fors, I think you’re a hero. And Lucky is very cute, I’d like to know what we can do to prevent natural disasters.
Ms Fors: Well, there’s no way to prevent earthquakes and storms. But if we prepare, we can keep them from becoming disasters that kill or injure people. To be ready, we should make a safety list of what to do, where to go, and who to contact.
Student 1: So what should we do if there’s an earthquake?
Ms Fors: Remember to “drop, cover, and hold on” Drop down onto your hands and knees, cover your head with your hands, and stay away from glass, windows, or anything that could fall. You could find cover under a desk or table. Hold on to the desk or table so it doesn’t move away from you.
Teacher: What should we do if we’re outside when an earthquake happens?
Ms Fors: Go to an open space away from buildings, trees, or power lines.
Student 2: And what about after an earthquake?
Ms Fors: Well, if you’ re trapped, you can u a cell phone to call or text for help. You can also tap on a pipe or a wall, or whistle for help. That way Lucky and I can find you!
Student 2: I have a question for Lucky. Do you like being a rescue dog?
Ms Fors: Lucky, what do you say?
<Sound of dog barking twice>
Teacher: I think he says he’s a lucky dog.
language
Reading for Writing
TSUNAMI HITS ASIA: OVER 6, 500 DEAD
海啸袭击亚洲：6500余人丧生事出有因
By Robert Woodhou Monday, 27 December 2004
罗伯特·伍德侯斯2004年12月27日，星期一
The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caud a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday, killing more than 6,500 people in Indonesia, India, Thailand, Malaysia, and at least four other countries. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge w
aves caud by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0. The undera quake struck around 7:, Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia’s Sumatra Island. In that area alone, at least 1,870 people were killed.
昨日，40年来最为强烈的地震引发了冲击亚洲沿海地带的海啸，造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚和至少其他四个国家6500多人死亡。渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被高达9.0级的强
震所引发的巨浪卷走。海啸巨浪由周日上午7点许发生在印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛西岸附近海域的海底地震引发。仅该地区就有至少1870人遇难。
volunteer是什么意思
In Sri Lanka, some 1,600 kilometres west of the quake centre, the number of deaths stood at 2,498, and one million more were affected by the tsunami, government officials said. Indian officials said as many as 1,900 had been killed along the southern coast. Another 254 were found dead in Thailand and 54 in three other countries. In southern Thailand, 1,900 people were hurt and many more were missing, local officials said. “I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home. We had to leave everything and run to safety,” said Chandra Theeravit, a local Thai woman.
政府官员称，在震中以西约1600千米处的斯里兰卡，死亡人数高达2498人，另有100多万人受到海啸
的影响。印度官员称，南部沿海地区有多达1900人丧生。泰国另有254人死亡，其他三个国家则有54人丧生。当地官员表示，泰国南部有1900人受伤，失踪人数则更多。泰国当地一位女子钱德拉·特拉维说：”当时我和我的三个孩子正在吃早饭，海水开始灌入屋内。我们只好放弃一切，逃到安全的地方。”
Thousands of people are still missing, and the number of deaths is expected to grow even higher over the next few days. Foreign aid is being organid for the tsunami-hit countries. However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.
目前仍有数千人失踪，预计在未来几天死亡人数还将增加。目前(人们)正在为这些受海啸袭击的国家组织外援。然而，由于条件险恶和道路受阻，食物运送和物资补给将非常困难。
Video Time
Tsunami: Killer Wave
The warnings are few. The signs are sudden. The ground shakes. The tide goes into rever. A great roaring sound fills the air. And then… It strikes. Wave after wave of crashing, crushing water. And when it is over, nothing is left.
A tsunami. The word in Japane means “harbour wave”. Japan has been hit by many tsunamis in its history, as a result of its location. It lies across the edges of 4 tectonic plates地壳板块, Most earthquakes are born in such places. When two tectonic plates push together, the earthquake nds enormous amounts of energy up through the ocean. A ries of waves expands in all directions. In deep water. The waves travel fast—up to 500 miles an hour—but reach a height of only a few feet. A passing ship may not even notice them. But as the waves enter shallow waters and come into contact with the ocean floor, their speed is reduced but their height is raid. As they move onto land, the waves can ri as high as a 10-story building.
A tsunami wave doesn’t break like an ordinary wave, Instead, it advances like a wall of water, crashing over everything in its way, sometimes reaching more than a kilometre inland. More damage is caud when the wave moves back out to a. It drags everything in its path underwater and out to a. Most tsunamis have veral waves. They arrive between 10 and 60 minutes after the first strike-just when survivors think the danger has pasd.
not at all是什么意思The deadliest tsunami ever recorded occurred in December of 2004. An earthquake off the coast of Indonesia caud a tsunami that rushed across the Indian Ocean and reached as far as the coast of Africa. Whole ctions of cities were destroyed. More than 200 000 people died. Most had no way of
being warned
Five thousand miles away in Hawaii, scientists at the Pacific Tsunami Warning Centre monitor the earth’s movements 24 hours a day. They hope to prevent a similar disaster from happening in the Pacific region. If they discover a quake big enough to cau a tsunami, the scientists try to find out where the wave will head and warn people in its path. Their advice is simple: leave the coastal areas and move to higher ground. Wait for news that the danger has pasd. And be ready to deal with the damage that a tsunami leaves behind.
1)把某人从......营救出来: rescue sb from
& rescue n. 营救；救援
1)进行营救: attempt a rescue阶梯英语学校
2)设法（实行）营救: make/perform a rescue
3)他答应在我有危险的时候会来救我。
He promid to come to my rescue if I was in danger.
2.damage vt. 损坏、迫害n.损失；损害
1)弥补损失: recover a damage
2)赔偿损失: pay for damage
3)遭受损失、蒙受损害: suffer damage
4)洪水对庄稼造成重大的损毁。
The flood did/caud great damage to the crop.
3.survive vi. 生存；存活vt. 幸存、艰难度过
1)靠......活下来；靠......生存survive on
2)比某人多活...... survive sb by
3)在这次空难中没有人幸免于难。
Nobody survived the disaster.
& survivor n.幸存者；生还者
4.destroy vt. 摧毁；毁灭
1)你的话会破坏孩子的自信心。
被动语态练习题Your words will destroy your child’s confidence.
2)我们不能再继续破坏环境了。
We can’t continue to destroy the environment.
& destruction n.破坏；毁灭
5.affect vt. 影响;（疾病）侵袭；深深打动；使感染（疾病）
1)我们被他的真诚深深打动。
We were affected by his sincerity.
2)如今科技极大地影响了我们的生活。
Nowadays technology has greatly affected our life.
& effect n.影响；效果；结果
