第十二章 定语从句
This is the doctor (who saved the boy’s life.）
This is the doctor.
The doctor saved the boy's life.
在复合句中，修饰某一名词 或代词的从句叫定语从句。在定语从句中， 被修饰的这一名词或代词叫做先行词。引导词叫做关系词。关系词又分为关系代词和关系副词
一infinitel.关系词
*关系代词有：
who,whom, who,which ,that, as
关系副词有：when, where, why
特点：1.引导从句2013重庆高考作文
compensation 2.在从句中充当成分
3.指代先行词
*关系代词&关系副词的选用
This is the doctor who saved the boy’s life.
关系词 | 所做成分 | 指代对象（人物） |
Who | 主语， 宾语 | 人 rtc |
Whom | 宾语 | getway人 |
Who谁的 | 定语 | 人，物 |
Which | 主语，宾语 | 物 |
That | 主语，宾语，表语 | 人，物 |
As | 主语，宾语，表语 | 人，物 |
when | 状语 | 时间 |
Where | 状语 | 地点 |
why | 状语 | 原因 |
| | |
二．定语从句的解题步骤
A.划定从句范围
B.判断从句类型
C.确定先行词是指人还是指物还是时间、地点和原因
D.分析从句成分，缺什么补什么（依据：简单句的五大基本句型）；如果不缺成分，则填定语who或状语when,where, why,根据意思区分它们。
主语+谓语
主语+谓语+宾语
主语+谓语+宾语+宾语
主语+谓语+宾语+宾补
主语+系动词+表语
1.This is the factory(______I visited last year. )A. that B. which C./ 在定语从句中引导词做宾语可以省略
2.All (_______is needed) is a supply of oil.
B. that D. which
3.Finally, the thief handed everything （_______he had stolen） to the police.
A. which D. that
注意：关系代词中的which和sweety什么意思that如何区分
以下几种情况只能用that：
1.先行词是all, little, much, everything, something等不定代词时
2.先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时
3.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时
4.先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时
The white flower is the only one that I really like.
This is the very book that I want to have
The last place that we visited was the chemical works.
5.先行词既有人又有物时
He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited.
6.当主句是以who, which 开头的特殊疑问句时，定语从句多用that, 而不用who, whom, which
mr bean Who is the person that is standing at the gate?
（4）As的用法
1)在限定性定语从句中，常用于as, as, as...as结构中
This is the same bag as I lost yesterday.
Such people as have made great contributions to the world should be respected.
You can take as many as you need.
2）在非限定性定语从句中
A.用逗号与主句隔开
B.代替主句整个内容或部分内容
As is known to all, Taiwan is a part of China.
Taiwan is a part of China, which is known to all.
C.that不引导非限定性定语从句
dance怎么读
D.as &which区别
as通常位于句首，“正如”的意思
Which位于句中，“这件事”的意思
注意：
This is the same bag as I lost yesterday.
这个包与我昨天丢的很相似
This is the same bag that I lost yesterday.
这是我昨天丢的那个包
As 引导从句表示内容与主句内容相似、同类
That 引导从句表示内容与主句内容同一、同一个
4.介词in heaven+关系代词（相当于关系副词）
This is the office(in which I ud to work.)
I would like to explain the reason why/for which you were abnt
构成方式：介词+which（物）
介词+whom（人）
介词选用的方法：
（1）根据定语从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯
I bought a great many books, on which I spent all my money.
（2）根据先行词的搭配习惯
I will never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the country.
（3）根据句子的表达意思
The colorless gas without which we can’t live is called oxygen.
对应练习：车辆修理
一.单选
1.The magazine_______ Betty paid one dollar was very good.
