Outline 4
Collocation and Translation
【练习二参考译文】
别再对富人穷追猛打聂元梓的大字报
to me与其抑强劫富，不如扶弱济贫
美国人热爱平等，也同样热衷追逐金钱。法国历史学家亚历西斯·德·托克维尔曾著书悉数此现象。他在十九世纪四十年代写到“美国人所做诸事均源自对财富的热爱”。西方民众对自己国家出现的富裕阶层既心存芥蒂，又时常阿谀奉承，在这方面，美国人的表现尤为突出。由于美国的致富之路似乎条条通畅，所以美国民众对富人的态度通常是敬仰多于怨恨，羡慕多于敌视。
但当财富不再易得时，美国人则表现出另一番心态。
美国社会的历史既充满作家霍瑞修•爱尔杰[1]笔下白手起家的致富传奇，也交织着对富人
的抵制和抗争浪潮。去年秋季的这个月，随着大批抗议者发起一系列占领华尔街的游行示威活动，这股抗争的浪潮在曼哈顿下城祖科蒂公园演绎到巅峰。
在去年游行示威活动的筹备会议上，美国人类学家、前哈佛大学教授大卫•格雷伯替参与者构思了一个巧妙的宣传口号：“我们属于99%如何？”。格雷伯回忆当时曾问过其他的活动策划者：“如果只有1%的人口坐享近十年来所有的经济增长利益，掌控财富，主导政治，那么我们不就都是局外人吗？”
在选情日趋白热化的总统大选之年，这一数字颇易引起政治上的共鸣。格雷伯所指的99%的人口不单单指穷人、失业者或者是从事繁重体力劳动的工人，还包括蓝领、白领和粉领在内的中产阶级，甚至还有中上层阶级。然而，正是这99%的大众创造了二战后美国强大的经济实力，也是任何翘企美国总统宝位人士无不竭力争取的选民对象。一时间，1%比99%的说法在记者、政客和选民中迅速流传开来。最近一段时间在华盛顿，不论是总统选举进程，还是涉及施政政策的激辩讨论，无不围绕着这一比例悬殊的数字做文章。
遗憾的是，这个数字比例并不准确，容易造成误解，而且存在夸大其词、以偏概全及过分悲观之嫌，未能反映出美国民众取得成功的真正含义。就政治的角度而言，民众持有的态
度的确不容轻视。譬如，有报道指公司总裁的收入是普通工人的231倍，华尔街投行的丰厚奖金与业绩表现并不挂钩，还有公司老板搭乘自己的私人飞机前往华盛顿祈求政府出手救市。种种类似的新闻报道令民众心存疑虑，担心政府的制度偏颇袒护权贵阶层。然而，如果将这1%的人都列为贪婪自私避税逃税的寡头资本家，则是一种错误的看法，因为这些人实际上可能与人们所想象的大相径庭。
注释[1]Horatio Alger：霍瑞修·爱尔杰（1832年－1899年）。美国作家，以少年小说而闻名。
Collocation and Translation
Definition of collocation
Collocation:
● two or three word clusters which occur with a more than chance regularity throughout spoken and written English
● the co-occurrence relationships between words.
● a word by the company it keeps
Types of meaning of a word (Cru 1986)
● hearVerb + noun: throw a party / accept responsibility
● Adjective + noun: square meal / grim determination
● Verb+adjective+noun: take vigorous exerci / make steady progress
● Adverb + verb: strongly suggest / barely e
● Adverb + adjective: utterly amazed / completely uless
● Adverb+adjective + noun: totally unacceptable behaviour
● Adjective+preposition: guilty of / blamed for / happy about
● Noun + noun: * pay packet / window frame
● also known as compound nouns
绯色的欠片op
Collocation: examples
Wear | 穿、戴？ |
● He was probably also wearing a gun. ● He was wearing a toothpick in his mouth at the wheel. ● This was a little old man, fat and bald, who at first had tried his hardest to wear a vere expression. ● She does not wear her usual lipstick but wears some perfume today. ● She wears a permanent smile. ● She wears the slimness of her mother.执达主任 ● She really wears her years well. ● Nor is he a fellow who wears his faith on his sleeve. ● She wore a white dress, an orchid corsage, and a rather lovely, awkward smile. ● Wearing a string of pearls and earnest expression, she made her television debut Saturday. | 东莞plc培训 ● 也许他今天也（佩）带着枪。 ● 他叼着牙签，站在舵轮旁。 ● 这是一个肥胖秃顶的小老头，一开始还尽量装出一副严厉的样子。 ● 今天她没有像平常那样涂口红，而是喷了点香水。 ● 她脸上始终带着微笑。/ 她始终面带微笑。 ● 她和她妈妈一样苗条。 ● 她保养得非常好（一点也不显老）。 ● 他也不是一个感情外露（让人一眼就看得透）的人。 ● 强基计划入围名单她身穿白色连衣裙，胸前佩戴一朵淡紫色的胡姬花，脸上露出一丝可爱羞涩的笑容。 ● 莫妮卡·莱温斯基于星期六首次亮相电视节目。她脖子上戴着一串珍珠项链，表情认真严肃。 |
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In-class Exerci: collocation （1）
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He said you took his pen. Now, what’s your story? Would you be patient and tell me the whole story? All eyewitness told the same story. Obviously he is making up stories again. 超速绯闻插曲What are you basing it on? You pull stories out of the thin air. As a primary school teacher, I have heard all kinds of stories about misd homework. I’ll be more than happy if the story holds true. The story about him became smaller and by and by faded out from the television. If the story got abroad, I would never hear the end of it. There is a deeper story behind Hillary’s natorial ambitions and the strong public reaction they arou. | 他说你拿了他的钢笔，你倒说说看是怎么回事。 请你耐心把话 / 事情的前因后果说完 。 所有目击者的说法都 一样.。 显然他又在编（谎话/借口）了。 你有什么根据？纯粹是无中生有 / 凭空捏造 /空穴来风。 作为一名小学教师，我听到过学生们不交作业编的各种各样/五花八门/形形式式的借口 要是这个说法当真，那该多好啊！ 电视上有关他的报道/消息越来越少，最后根本就不播了。 要是这种谣传传到国外去，那局面就不可收拾了。 希拉里雄心勃勃竞选州长，引起公众的极大反响，其背后还有更深层的原因。 |
atlantic | |
【佳译赏析】
It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity, it was the ason of Light, it was the ason of Darkness, it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair, we had everything before us, we had nothing before us, we were all going direct to Heaven, we were all going direct the other way---in short, the period was so far like the prent period, that some of its noisiest authorities insisted on its being received, for good or for evil, in the superlative degree of comparison only.
Charles Dickens “A Tale of Two Cities”
那是最昌明的时世，那是最衰微的时世;那是睿智开化的岁月，那是混沌蒙昧的岁月；那是信仰笃诚的年代，那是疑云重重的年代；那是阳光灿烂的季节，那是长夜晦暗的季节；那是欣欣向荣的春天，那是死气沉沉的冬天；我们眼前无所不有，我们眼前一无所有；我们都径直奔向天堂，我们都径直奔向另一条路——简而言之，那个时代同现今这个时代竟然如此惟妙惟肖，就连它那叫嚷得最凶的权威人士当中，有些也坚持认为，不管它是好是坏，
都只能用“最”字来表示它的程度。
