常用动词及动词短语小节
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动词及动词短语的考查是高考的一大热点为了
便于学生对常见动词及动词短语的辨析及在写作中的
恰当使用，本文将利用英语解释.举例等方法对常用动
词及动词短语进行小节.
一
，常见动词及其短语
1.Hold
A词义'
1)tohavesomethingfirmlyinyourhandorarms
握住，抓住，抱住
e.gIheldthebabyinmyarms.我把婴儿抱在怀
里.
2)tohave/posss拥有/占有
e.gMostoftheniorpositionsareheldbymen.
大多数高级职位都由男性占有.
3)keeptobeud保存待用
e.gOurcomputerholdsalltherecordsofbirths anddeathsinBritainsince1950.我们的计算机存有
1950以来英国所有的出生和死亡记录.
4)toholdaplace/at/roometc.保留地方/座
位/房间等
..e.gnIeyreholdingatableforUS.他们为我们保
留了一张桌子.
boH粕opinion/view/beliefetc.持有观点/看
法/信念等…～
一e.g~holdxtremepoliticalviews.她持有极
治秣.
6J
eJ卷
锅镄盛3
contain/include容纳.包含mspanholdsthreegallonsofwater._这只
加仑水.
!The啦etheaterholds500people.这家电影院
能容纳5∞人.
零词组
1)holdbacktomakesomeoneorsomethingstop movingforward阻挡，抑N/tostopyourlffrom feelingorshowingaparticularemotion控制情感/to keepsomethingcret隐瞒
e.gTheyhaderectedthebarrierstoholdback theflood.他们筑起屏障阻挡洪水. Westruggledtoholdbackourlaughter.我们竭力
忍住笑.
Tellmeaboutit——don,tholdanythingback.告
诉我事情的真相，什么都别隐瞒.
2)holdonudtotellsomeonetowaitfora
shorttime等会儿/udwhenyouhavejustno. ricedsomethingsurprising.发现令人惊奇的事等等/ tocontinuedoingsomethingwhenitisverydifficuh todoSO(在困难中)坚持下去
e.gHoldon,'I"11justgetmycoat.等一等，我
去拿外套.
Itoldon!Isn'tthatyourbrotherScaroverthere?
等等，那不是你弟弟的车吗?
Theydidn'tknowiftheywouldbeabletohold onuntilhelparrived.他们不知道自己是否能坚持到救援到来.
3)holdontotokeepsomethingbynotlosingit, llingit,orhavingittakenfromyou.守住，保住
e.gDespitethe
attacks,weheldon
tothebridgefor
threemoredays.尽管
受到进攻，但是我
们仍然将大桥又坚
守了三天.
Althoughthe
furnitureisold,the
oldcoupleliketo
holdontoit.尽管
家具很旧了，这
对夫妇还是留着
它.
4)holdoutif
somethingsuchas
asupplyofsome—thingholdsoutithasnotallyetbeenfinishedor
ud(供给品等)维持，持续/tocontinuetodefenda
placethatisbeingattacked.守住.坚守
e.gWillthewatersupplyholdoutthroughthe summer?供水能维持整个夏天吗? Theywillhavetosurrender——一theycanthold outforever.他们迟早得投降，不可能永远守得住.
5)holduptosupportsomethingandpreventit fromfallingdown支撑/(oftenpassive)todelay someoneorsomething(常用被动)耽搁，推迟/torob ortrytorobaplacebyusingviolence(试图)抢劫
-
e.gTheroofisheldupbypillars.屋顶是由柱
子支撑的. Thebuildingworkisheldupbybadweather.由
于天气不好，建筑工程被耽搁了. Hisbrothertriedtoholdupthedrugstoreand Wasnttojail.他的弟弟企图抢劫杂货店，因此被送进了监狱.
2.Come
A词义
1)move移动
e.gComealittlecloly.走过来点.
2)travel旅行
e.gDidyoucomeonacoachorbytrain?你来
的时候是乘长途汽车还是火车?
3)reachaconditionorstate达到某种程度或状态
B短语
1)howcome(udtoasksomeonewhysomething hashappened)怎么会?
e.gHowcomeTyler'sstillhere?泰勒怎么还在这JL?
2)cometoaconclusion/decision得出结论
e.gWehavecometoaconclusionthatweve
国
madeamistake.结论是我tilde了一个错误.
3)comeabout(tohappen,especiallyinaway thatemsimpossibletocontro1)发生，产生(尤其指不
受控制地)
e.gHowdiditcomeaboutthathumanspeakSO manydifferentlanguages?人类怎么会说这么多语言?这种情况是怎么产生的呢?
4)comeacross(notinpassive)tomeet.findor discoversomeoneorsomethingbyaccidentorby
chance(不用被动语态)偶遇，偶然发生
3.Keep
A词义
1)tohavesomethingandnotneedtogiveitback
保留，保存，留下
e.gY oucankeepit,Idontneedit.你留着吧,
我不需要它.
2)tocontinuetohavesomethingandnotloit orgetridofit保管，保藏
it.找个工作不是难事，问题是怎么保住它一
3)notchange/move不变/不动
e.gImtryingtocuthishair.buthewont
keepstil1.我在为他理发，可是他动个不停.
4)makesomebodystayinaplace/makesome—bodyorsomethingcontinuebeinginaparticularstate orsituation使某人某物处于某种状态
