Suffix
Meaning
Example
-ac
pertaining to
属于，关于
cardiac: pertaining to the heart
心脏（病）的
-al
pertaining to
medical: pertaining to medicine
-
ar
pertaining to
molecular: pertaining to a molecule
分子的
-ary
pertaining to
belonging to
ciliary: pertaining to the cilia
睫毛的，纤毛的，毛状的
-a
enzyme 酶
amyla: any enzyme that converts starch to sugar 淀粉酶
-cle
smallness
小，少，贫乏，小气
follicle: a small bodily cavity or sac
小囊,(头发的)毛囊
-e
an instrument 仪器
auriscope: an instrument for examining the ear (检查耳朵用的)耳镜
-eal
pertaining to
laryngeal: pertaining to the larynx
喉的, 喉音的
-ia
condition; quality
phobia: abnormal fear 恐惧，害怕
-ic
pertaining to
toxic: pertaining to toxin
有毒的；因中毒引起的
-ics
study of; name of a science
paediatrics: study of children, their development and dias 儿科学
-ine/in
substance 物质
insulin：substance (hormone) produced by the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas
胰岛素
-ism
process or condition
alcoholism: excessive drinking of alcohol which becomes addictive 酒精中毒
-ist
one who specializes in
精通于……的人
pharmacologist: a doctor who specializes in the study of drugs 药理专家
-itis
inflammation refers to a part in
……部位的炎症
rhinitis: inflammation of the nasal passages
鼻炎，鼻粘膜炎
-(i)um
relation to a whole; related to
与……相关
endometrium: inner lining of the uter子宫内膜
-ive
characterizes by
antitussive: a drug that suppress coughing
止咳药
-let
tiny; small
droplet: a tiny drop 小滴
-ment
the result or product of an action
development: thing which develops or is being developed; action of becoming mature
-oid
rembling; like
像
mucoid: rembling mucus
粘液样的
-ole
little; small
centriole: the small den structure in the middle of the centrosome
细胞中心粒；中心体
-oma
tumor; swelling refers to a doer
dermatofibroma: fibrous tumor of the skin
皮肤纤维瘤
-
or/-er
either a person or thing
receptor: a nsory nerve ending that responds to various stimuli感受器，受体
-ory
characterized by; pertaining to
suspensory: which is hanging down
悬吊式，悬带
-o
sugar
fructo: fruits sugar found in honey and some fruit 果糖
-osis
abnormal condition
onychocryptosis: abnormal condition of a hidden nail 嵌甲
-ous
pertaining to
poisonous: pertaining to poison; also containing poison 有毒的，分泌毒素的
-somes
bodies
ribosome: the body of nucleic acid核糖体
-um
structure; thing; substance
结构，物质
magnesium: a white metallic chemical substance 镁（金属
元素）
-y
condition; act; process
dystrophy: disorder caud by defective nutrition or metabolism 营养不良
The following is a list of the most commonly ud compound suffixes
Suffix
Meaning
Example
-algia
pain; painful; condition
arthralgia: pain in a joint 关节痛
--a
enzyme
protea: digestive enzyme 蛋白酶
-blast
embryo胚，胚胎，人类胚胎
hemocytoblast: blast cell 血胚细胞，原始血细胞
-carcinoma
malignant tumor developing from connective tissue 相关组织的恶性肿瘤
adenocarcinoma: malignant tumor developing from glandular tissue 腺癌
-cele
protrusion; distention突出；膨胀，延伸
esophagocele: abnormal distention of the esophagus 食管突出
-centesis
surgical puncture 手术穿孔
paracentesis: surgical puncture of a cavity for the aspiration of fluid 穿刺术
-capnia
carbon dioxide 二氧化碳
acapnia: abnce of carbon dioxide 血液二氧化碳缺乏
-cide
kill
germicide: (substance) which can kill germs
杀菌剂
-clast
cell
phagocyte:cell, especially a white blood cell, which can surround and destroy other cells 噬菌细胞
-dynia
pain
glossodynia: pain in the tongue 舌痛
-ectasia/
-ectasis
expansion; dilation(膨胀，扩张)
atelectasis: incomplete expansion of the lungs at birth 肺不张
-
ectomy
surgical excision or removal of
gastrectomy: surgical removal of the stomach胃切除术
-edema
excessive accumulation of rous fluid 水肿
myxoedema: condition caud when the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone 粘液腺瘤病，粘液水肿
-emia
blood condition
leukemia: any of veral malignant dias where an abnormal number of leucocytes form in the blood 白血病
-emesis
vomiting 呕吐
hematemesis: the vomiting of blood 咯血；吐血
-gen
something that produced or prouduces
pathogen: a microorganism or agent capable of producing dia 病菌，病原体
-genesis
production 生产
spermatogenesis: formation and development of spermatozoa in the testes精子发生
-globin
protein蛋白质
hemoglobin: an iron-containing protein produced by erythrocytes 血红素
-
gnosis
knowledge
diagnosis: the process of identifying the nature or prence of a dia through knowledge and examination
-gram
image; picture
electrocardiogram: a graphic record of the electrical activity of heart muscle or heartbeat ud in the diagnosis of heart dia.
Abbr. ECG and EKG. Syn. cardiogram
心电图
-graph(y)
process of recording
记录过程
electocardiography: the process of making or recording electrocardiograms. Syn. cardiography 心电图记录
-iasis
condition; state
情况，状况
cholelithiasis: the formation of gallstones 胆石症
-iatry/
-iatrics
healing, frequently refers to a branch of medicine 康复，
常指医学的一个分支
podiatry: treatment of foot disorders
足部医疗
-lith
stone
cholelith: a gallstone; a stone formed in the gallbladder 胆结石
-logy
the study of
cytology: the science study of cells 细胞学
-logist
one who studies and treats
urologist: a physician who specializes in the practice of urology 泌尿科医生
-lysis
breakdown, destruction
hemolysis: the destruction or breakdown of red blood cells with relea of hemoglobin溶血
-malacia
softening
osteomalacia: softening of bone 骨软化
-mania
extreme compulsion or preoccupation强迫症
kleptomania: a morbid, uncontrollable compulsion to steal 盗窃癖
-megaly
giant
acromegaly: a condition in which there is an enlargement of the facial bones as well as tho of the lungs 肢端肥大症
-metry/
-meter
measurement
spirometry: measurement of the volume of air inhaled and exhaled or the air capacity of the lungs肺(活)量测定(法)，呼吸量测定(法)
-odynia
pain
cardiodynia: pain in the heart region 心痛，胸痛
-one
hormone荷尔蒙，激素
parathormone: which regulates calcium balance among the blood, bones, and teeth甲状旁腺激素
-opia
a defect in the eye眼睛的毛病
myopia: being short-sighted 近视
-opsy
to view
biopsy: excision of live tissue for microscopic diagnosis活检
-osis
morbid condition病态的
sclerosis: abnormal hardening 硬化症
-osmia
smell
anosmia: loss of the n of smell嗅觉丧失
-
ostomy
process of making an opening into or a connection between
造瘘
gastrostomy: surgical construction of an opening from the surface of the abdomen into the stomach胃造口术
-oxia
level of oxygen氧水平
hypoxia: a low oxygen level or a lack of oxygen in body tissues组织缺氧
-pathy
dia; diad condition
ophthalmopathy: any eye dia眼病
-penia
deficiency
leukopenia: deficiency of leukocytes in the blood. Syn. leukocytopenia白细胞减少症
-pepsia
digestion
eupepsia: good digestion 消化良好
--pexy
a fixing or tting firmly in place by suturing 缝合固定
hepatopexy: surgical fixation of a displace liver肝固定术
-phagia/phagy
eating; swallowing 吃，吞咽
dysphagia: difficulty in swallowing吞咽困难
-
phil
attraction吸引，具有吸引力的事物
basophil: type of leucocyte or white blood cell which contains granules嗜碱性粒细胞
-phobia
fear
xenophobia: irrational fear of strangers对外国人的恐惧，憎恶
-plasia
formation; development
hyperplasia: overdevelopment or enlargement of an organ or tissue增生，数量型肥大
-phonia
voice
dysphonia: difficulty in speaking发声困难
-plasm
formation; growth or substance of formation
cytoplasm: jelly substance in the cell细胞浆
-plasty
surgical repair
osteoplasty: surgical r
epair of the bone骨整形术，骨成形术
--plegia
stroke; paralysis 中风
thermoplegia: heat or sunsrtoke热射病
-
pnea
breathing
eupnea: normal breathing呼吸正常，平静呼吸
--ptosis
a falling, the dropping or sagging of an organ器官下移
hepatoptosis: abnormally low position of the liver肝下垂
-ptysis
spitting分散
melanoptysis: spitting of the spleen黑色痰液；咳黑痰
-poiesis
production
hemopoiesis: production of blood cells 造血作用，生血作用
-rrhage/
-rrhagia
bursting forth of blood 出血
menorrhagia: very heavy bleeding during menstruation 月经过多
-rrhaphy
surgical wing or suturing
splenorrhaphy: suture of the spleen脾修补术
-rrhea
overflow
hydrorrhea: watery discharge液溢
-
(o)rrhexis
splitting or rupture 撕裂，破裂，疝气
amniorrhexis: rupture of the amniotic ac
羊膜破裂
-sarcoma
malignant tumor developing from connective tissue
liposarcoma: malignant tumor containing fat
脂肪肉瘤
-schesis
a holding back; suppression of discharge阻碍；抑制排放
uroschesis: suppression of urine闭尿，尿潴留
-
sclerosis
a hardening
dermatosclerosis: hardening of the skin硬皮病
-scope
instrument for viewing
stethoscope: an instrument for performing medicate ausculation听诊器
-scopy
process of examining visually
hepatoscopy: examination of the liver 肝检查
-spasm
involuntary contraction
angiospasm: sudden contraction of the muscles in a blood vesl血管痉挛
-stasis
suppression; stoppage; control; arrest抑制，中止
hemostasis: the arrest of bleeding
止血，止血法
-stenosis
abnormal narrowing of a duct or canal管、道德异常狭窄
laryngostenosis: abnormal narrowing of the larynx 喉狭窄
-stomy
surgical opening to the outside of the body造口
colostomy: surgical operation to make an opening from the colon结肠造口术
-
tention
pressure
hypertention: high blood pressure 高血压
-therapy
treatment
physiotherapy: treatment of dia by physical means物理疗法
--tion
process
hospitalization: the process of being hosipitalized住院
-tocia
labor; birth 生产
embryotocia: abortion 流产
-tome
tool for incision
arthrotome: instrument for cutting a joint关节刀
-tomy
process of cutting into
gastrotomy: incision of the stomach 胃切开术
-tropia
turning 转弯，变向
esotropia: turning inward of the eye内斜视
-trophy
nourishment or development of an organ器官的营养、发育
dystrophy: disorder caud by defective nutrition or metabolism营养不良
-uria
a condition of the urine（小便）
dysuria: difficultly in passing urine 排尿困难
-version
turning
eversion: a turning outward外翻，翻转
Here is a table of the most commonly ud prefixes
Prefix
Meani
ng
Example
a-/an-
without; not
aphasia: the inability to understand written or spoken words or to speak meaningfully失语症
ab-
away from
abortion: expulsion from the uterus流产
ad-
to; toward; near
adnasal: near the no 近鼻的
acro-
a point or tip
acronyx: growing into the flesh嵌甲
alb-
white
albino: a person lacking normal pigmentation白发病者
amb-/
ambi-
both
ambixual、bixual: (person) who is xually attracted to both males and famales 双性恋
amphi-/
ampho-
both; both sides
amphicentric: beginning and ending in the same vesl起止同源的血管
ana-
up; back again
anabolism: process of building up complex chemical substances on the basis of simpler ones 合成代谢
Angio-
a blood vesl
angioma: benign tumor formed of blood vesl血管瘤
ante-
before
antenatal: during the period between conception and childbirth 出生前的，怀孕期的
anti-
against
antidepressant: (drug) ud to treat depression抗抑郁剂
audi-
hearing; sound
audiometry: science of testing hearing听力测定
auto-
lf
autoantibody: antibody formed to attack the body’s own cells自身抗体
bi-
two; twice
bicellular: two cells两室的
bio-
living organisms生命体
biochemistry: chemistry living tissues生物化学
brady-
slow
bradycardia: slow rate of heart contraction, shown by a slow pul rate心动过缓
carcin-
carcinoma or cancer癌；瘤
carcinogen: a cancer-causing substance致癌物
cata-
downwards; under; against;
along with
cataract: condition where the lens of the eye gradually becomes hard and opaque白内障
centi-
one hundredth百分之一
centimeter: unit of measurement of length(=one hundredth of a meter)厘米
co(n)-
with or together
consanguineous: blood relationship血亲的，血缘的，密切的
contra-
against
contraception: prevention of pregnancy by using devices or drugs 避孕法，节育法
de-
removal or loss
decaffeinated: (coffee) with the caffeine removed 脱去咖啡因的
deca-
ten
decagram: ten grams 十克
deci-
tenth
deciliter: unit of measurement of liquid(=one tenth of a little)1/10公升
di-
two
diglossia: a double tongue使用两种语言
dia-
through; between; apart; across
diathermy: process of (treating) through heat
透热疗法
dis-
reversal or parate
disintegrate: to come to pieces分解，破裂
dys-
bad; difficult; disordered
dysarthrosis: deformity or malformation of a joint关节变形
echo-
sound
echocardiography: ultrasonography of the heart心回波描记，超声心动描记术
ect-/
ecto-
outside or outer
ecchondroma: benign tumor on the surface of cartilage or bone外生软骨瘤
en-
in; within
enostosis: benign growth inside a bone内生骨疣
endo-
inside
endocardiu
