心理测验解释名词
第二章解释名词
1. psychometrician心理计量学家
a specialist in psychology or education who develops and evaluates psychological tests.
是职司心理测验编制及评价的心理或教育专家
2. test测验
a standardized procedure for sampling behavior and describing it with categories or scores.
是藉由行为抽样，用分类或分数来描述行为的标准化程序。
是一个对行为样本的标准化程序，并以分类系统以及分数(数字量尺)来描述之，大部分的测验都有常模及标准来预测行为。
3. standardized procedure标准化程序
an esntial feature of any psychological test. A test is considered to be standardized if the procedures for administering it are uniform from one examiner and tting to another.是心理测验必备的特性，一个测验如果其施测程序，在不同的施测者和情境中，都能制式化，具有一致性，即可被认定是具有标准化的特质
4. norms常模
A summary of test results for a large and reprentative group of subjects. The norm group is referred to as the standardization sample.
对一个庞大且具代表性的受试团体的测验结果所做的概述，常模团体必须是标准化样本。
5. standardization sample标准化样本
This group must be reprentative of the population for whom the test is intended or el it is not possible to determine an examinee's relative standing. 是一个能代表测验
特质的母群的受试团体，藉以测定（，否则将无法侦测）应（受）试者某项测验特质在团体中的相对位置。
6. norm-referenced test常模参照测验
The performance of each examinee is interpreted in reference to a relevant standardization sample. 将测验的表现(结果)与标准化样本做比较，即根据测验分数在团体中的相对位置来加以解释的测验。
7. criterion-referenced test标准(效标)参照测验
The objective is to determine where the examinee stands with respect to very tightly defined educational objectives. 依教学目标来侦测应试者其分数所占位置的测验，也就是将测验结果依教学前所订的标准来加以解释的测验。
8. asssment衡鉴
To appraising or estimating the magnitude of one or more attributes in a person. The a
sssment of human characteristic involves obrvation, interview, checklist, inventories, projectives, and other psychological test.
评价或估计一个人的单一或多种属性或特质的数量，衡鉴人的特质包含观察、面谈、检核表、测验、投射，以及其它心理测验。
9. group tests团体测验
Group tests are largely pencil-and-paper measures suitable to the testing of large groups of persons at the same time. 大部分为纸笔测验，适合在同一时间对一大群人施测的测验。
10. individual tests个别测验
Individual tests are instruments which by their design and purpo must be administered one on one.
此测验的设计和目的是只适合做一对一的处理、施测。
11. intelligence tests智力测验
Measure an individual's ability in relatively global areas such as verbal comprehension, perceptual organization, or reasoning and thereby help determine potential for scholastic work or certain occupations.
用来测量个人较全面性的能力，如语文理解力、知觉组织、推理，用以帮助测定学业或特定职业的潜能。
12. aptitude test性向测验
Measure the capability for a relatively specific task or type of skill; aptitude tests are, in effect, a narrow form of ability testing.测量较为特殊工作或技术类型的才能的测验，是较偏狭型态的能力测验。
13. achievement tests成就测验
Measure a person's degree of learning, success, or accomplishment in a subject or task.
测量个人在学科或术科的学习、成功、或作业完成的程度的一种测验。
14. creativity tests创造力测验
Asss novel, original thinking, and the capacity to find unusual or unexpected solutions especially for vaguely defined problems. 衡量新奇、原创的思考力，即对模陵两可、笼统的问题找到非比寻常、不预期的解决方式的才能的一种测验。
15. creativity创造力
Emphasize novelty and originality in the solution of fuzzy problems or the production of artistic works.
强调对模糊问题能产生新奇的、具有创意的解决方案，或制造出有艺术性的作品。
16. personality tests人格(性格)测验
Measure the traits, qualities, or behaviors that determine a person's individuality; such tests include checklists, inventories, and projective technique.
测量个人独具的特质、性质或行为模式的测验，包含检核表、测验以及投射技术。
17. interest inventories兴趣测验
Measure an individual's preference for certain activity or topics and thereby help determine occupational choice. 测量个人对特定活动或主题的偏好的一种测验，藉以协助做职业的选择。
18. behavioral procedures行为检核法
Behavioral procedures are available for asssing the antecedents and conquences of behavior, including checklists, rating scales, interviews, and structured obrvations. 客观描述并计算行为的频率，衡量行为的前因后果，其包含检核表、评定量表、面（访）谈以及结构式观察。
19. neuropsychological tests神经心理测验
measure cognitive, nsory, perceptual, and motor performance to determine the extent, locus, and behavioral conquences of brain damage.
用来测量认知、感官功能、知觉及动作表现，以决定脑伤的程度、部位（置）以及行为（成）后果的测验。
20. classification分类
It encompass a variety of procedures that share a common purpo: assigning a person to one category rather than another. 包含许多程序，但有一个共同的目的，即分派某一个人到一个适当类别。
21. placement安置
Placement is the sorting of person into different programs appropriate to their needs or skill. 依个人不同需求和技能，将之分至不同的项目。安置placement是将人配合其需求或技能，分派到不同的部门或规划中，例如实施英语能力测验检定，然后依等级分班上课；又如将精神病患分类后给予治疗计划
