⾼中英语⾮谓语的知识点
⾮谓语动词⾸先是⼀种动词形式,其次是这种动词形式不能做谓语,综合这两点,我们将其叫做⾮谓语动词。下⾯⼩编给⼤家分享⼀些⾼中英语⾮谓语的知识,希望能够帮助⼤家,欢迎阅读!
⾼中英语⾮谓语的知识1
⾮谓语动词的形式
⾮谓语动词包含四种形式,即不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。其中,每种形式按照发⽣时间和主被动⼜包括不同的⼦形式。具体如下:
1. 不定式
①基本形式:to do(表⽰主动,并且⼀般表⽰将来)
②被动式:to be done(表⽰被动,并且⼀般表⽰将来)
③进⾏式:to be doing (表⽰主动和进⾏)
④完成时:to have done(表⽰主动和完成)
⑤完成被动式:to have been done(表⽰被动和完成)
⑥完成进⾏式:to have been doing (表⽰主动和完成进⾏)
The teacher told us to do morning exercis.
⽼师让我们做早操。
The car to be bought is for his sister.
要买的这辆车是给他的姐姐的。
She pretended to be reading when the teacher came into the classroom.
⽼师进来时,她假装正在读书。
The thief is said to have escaped.
据说⼩偷已经逃跑了。
The thief is said to have been arrested.
据说⼩偷已经被抓住了。
She is said to have been working in the factory over the last 20 years.
据说在过去的20年⾥,她⼀直在这家⼯⼚⼯作。
2. 动名词
①基本形式:doing (表⽰主动)
②被动式:being done(表⽰被动)
③完成式:having done(表⽰主动和完成)
④完成被动式:having been done(表⽰被动和完成)
Travelling in space by ordinary people will be common in the future.
在未来,普通⼈在太空旅⾏将会是普遍的事情。
Freddy and his band could go nowhere without being followed by their fans. Freddy
和他的乐队到哪⾥都被他们的粉丝跟着。
I have no idea of his having done such a thing against you.
我不知道他做过这样⼀件违背你的事情。
Many customers complain of having been given short weight at that shop.
很多顾客抱怨在那家商店被缺⽄少两过。
3. 现在分词
①基本形式:doing (表⽰主动和进⾏)
②被动式:being done(表⽰被动和进⾏)
③完成式:having done(表⽰主动和完成)
④完成被动式:having been done(表⽰被动和完成)
He sat there,reading a newspaper.
他坐在那⾥,读着⼀张报纸。
The area being studied may be rich in coal.
这个正在被研究的地⽅可能富含煤。
Having finished my homework,I began to watch TV.
完成作业后,我开始看电视。
Having been told many times,she still can t remember it.
已经被告诉了很多次,她仍然记不住。
4. 过去分词:done
及物动词的过去分词表⽰被动或完成;不及物动词的过去分词表⽰主动或完成。
polluted river 被污染的河流;fallen leaves 落叶
注意:⾮谓语动词本⾝不能表⽰现在和过去。⾮谓语动词表⽰进⾏、将来和完成时是相对于谓语动作
来说的:和谓语动作同时发⽣表⽰进⾏;发⽣在谓语动作之后表⽰将来;发⽣在谓语动作之前表⽰完成。
⾼中英语⾮谓语的知识2
⾮谓语动词的语法
⾮谓语动词除去不能做谓语之外,其它所有成分都可以做。具体如下。
1. 不定式:做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语。
To learn a foreign language is difficult .(作主语)
学会⼀门外语是很难的。
It’s easy to e their aunt.(作真正主语,it做形式主语)
很容易见到他们的姑姑。
Tom wanted to have a cup of beer.(作宾语)
汤姆想要喝杯啤酒。
His wish is to be a driver.(作表语)
他的愿望是当⼀名司机。
I have nothing to say.(作定语)
我没有什么可说的。
The teacher told us to do morning exercis . (作宾语补⾜语)⽼师让我们做早操。
They went to e their aunt. (⽬的状语)
他们去见他们的姑姑。
2. 动名词:做主语、宾语、表语、定语和补语。
Learning English is very difficult .(作主语)
学英语⾮常困难。
I enjoy dancing.(作动词宾语)
我喜欢跳舞。
I have got ud to living in the country.(作介词宾语)
我已经习惯了住农村。
His job is driving a bus.(作表语)
他的⼯作是开车。
3. 现在分词:做表语、定语、状语和补语。
The story is interesting.
这个故事有趣。
He sat there,reading a newspaper.(作状语)
他坐在那⾥,读着⼀张报纸。
The area being studied may be rich in coal.(作定语)
这个正在被研究的地⽅可能富含煤。
He saw the thief stealing some money from the bank.(作宾补)他看到⼩偷正在从银⾏偷钱。
4. 过去分词:做表语、定语、状语和补语。
He is interested in the news.(作表语)
他对这则消息很感兴趣。
polluted river(做定语)
被污染的河流
Given more time,I can do my work better.(做状语)
如果再被多给些时间,我会把⼯作做得更好。
I found my watch stolen.(做宾补)
我发现我的⼿表被偷了。
⾼中英语⾮谓语的知识3
⾮谓语动词重、疑、难点
1. 须⽤省去to 的不定式(do)作宾补的11个动词。
五看(e、watch、notice、obrve、look at)
两听(hear、listen to)
三使(make、let、have)
⼀感觉(feel)
根据谐⾳记忆法,我们可以记做“吾看两厅三室⼀感觉”。
I saw a big bird fly over the roof of the hou yesterday.
昨天,我看到⼀只⼤鸟飞过了屋顶。
注意:以上11个动词,也可以接现在分词和过去分词作宾补,但在时间和语态上会有变化,我们以e为例来区分⼀下。
e sb. do sth. 看到某⼈做了某事
e sb. doing sth. 看到某⼈正在做某事
e sb./sth. done 看到某⼈/某物被......
I e him make the phone call.
我看到他打了电话。(他打电话的整个动作我都看见了)
I e him making a phone call.
我看到他正在打电话。(强调看到他正在打电话,并没有看见全过程.)
We often e him surrounded by much work.
我们常常看见他被⼤量的⼯作包围着.
2. 只接不定式(不能接动名词)作宾语的25个常⽤动词
want、would like、wish、help、hope、learn、manage、offer、plan、afford、agree、arrange、ask
、beg、care、choo、decide、demand、determine、expect、fear、prepare、pretend、promi、refu
3. 只接动名词(不能接不定式)作宾语的28个常⽤动词
practice、consider、enjoy、finish、give up、imagine、keep、put off、risk、suggest、admit、advi、allow、appreciate、avoid、delay、deny、discuss、dislike、escape、excu、fancy、forbid、mention、 mind、miss、permit、prohibit
4. 既可接不定式也可接动名词,但含义完全不同的8个动词
remember to do sth. 记住要做某事(未做)
remember doing sth. 记得做过某事(已做)
forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事(未做)
forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事(已做)
regret to do sth. 遗憾要做某事(未做)
regret doing sth. 后悔/抱歉做过某事(已做)
try to do sth. 努⼒做某事
try doing sth. 尝试做某事
mean to do sth. 计划做某事
mean doing sth. 意味着做某事
can’t help to do sth. 不能帮助做某事
can’t help doing sth. 情不⾃禁做某事
go on to do sth. 继续做另⼀件事
go on doing sth. 继续做同⼀件事
stop to do sth. 停下来去做另⼀件事
stop doing sth. 停下正在做的事情
5. 所有⾮谓语动词的完成形式都不能做定语,如to have done、to have been done、to have been doing、having done 和 having been done。
⾼中英语⾮谓语的知识点