跨文化交际期末复习
Unit1
Term interpretation
Economic globalization 经济全球化
The integration of national economics of national economics into the international economy through trade, foreign direct investment, capital flows, migration, and the spread of the technology.
Barter System 物物交换
Farming communities traded their surplus produce in exchange for products and rvices without the medium of money
Global Village地球村
All the different parts of the world from one community linked together by electronic communications, especially the Internet.
Melting pot大熔炉
To assimilate the cultures of different backgrounds
Cultural Diversity文化多样性
Countries have been mixed instead of assimilate
Brief Answer
1.What are the four trends that lead to the development of the global village?
1)convenient transportation systems
2)Innovative communication systems
3)Economic globalization
4)widespread migration
2.What are the three aspects where the cultural differences exist?(选择)
1)verbal difference; language, thought patterns
2)Non-verbal communication; body-language, time concept, spacious language, paralanguage…
3)values; world views, beliefs, attitudes…
Unit 1 后半
Term interpretation
Culture
Culture can be en as shared knowledge, what people need to know in order to act appropriately in a given culture
Enculturation 文化习得
The process of learning one’s own culture
Acculturation 文化适应
Adapt the cultures learning by the other cultures
Ps：文化习得，文化适应需要对比
Ethnocentrism 文化中心主义
Think your culture is superior to the others
Brief Answer
What are the three ingreduents of culture?
Products, behaviors, and ideas.
How to understand cultural iceberg?
Culture like an iceberg can be divided into two parts: culture above the waterline and culture below the waterline. Culture above the waterline is explicit, visible, tangible, easy to change with time, a tip of the iceberg. Culture below the waterline is implicit, invisible, intangible, hard to change with time, the majority
What are the characteristic of culture?
Culture is dynamic, shared, learned, ethnocentric(文化中心主义)
Unit 2
Term interpretation
Source发出信息的人
Person who nd out information
Encoding 编码
The process of putting your thoughts into symbols
Message
Encoded thoughts
Channel渠道
The way the message is delivered
Decoding解码
Assign a meaning to the words
Receiver
Person who attends to the information
Context内容
The physical environment that surround us
Brief Answer
What are the three characteristics of communication?（简答/选择）
Communication is transactional（互换性）, dynamic, irreversible, symbolic, systematic and contextual.
What are the three basic aspects to communication? And on which aspect does the success of
interpretation communication greatly depend on?
Our individual personality, the culture we operate in, the physical environment that surrounds us.
Depend on the culture we operate in.
Unit2后半
Term interpretation
Verbal Intercultural Communication非言语行为
People from different cultural backgrounds communicate with other people through language
Pragmatics语言学
The study of the effect that language has on human perceptions（感知） and behavior
Short answer question
1. How is Chine addressing different from American addressing?
In Chine, the surname is put before the given name.
In American, vice versa, the name order.
In recent years, many English-speaking people tend to address others by their given names, even when meeting for the first time. But in Chine, we tend to address each other with the full name.
Another common Chine form of address is the u of a person’s title office, or profession
Therefore, one can conclude that the Chine customs of addressing members with the kinship terms(亲戚关系) even not related by blood or marriage
2. Who should be introduced first in the west?
The nior, the female, the guest
3. How is Chine hospitality different from American hospitality?
A: In China, a guest usually obrves the principle of avoiding bringing trouble to the host.
In American, in contrast, it is the host who tries to avoid interfering in guests’ freedom of action by leaving room for the guests to make choices.
B: The Chine host usually goes to trouble to make sure there is something left after the
meal; the “wastefulness” of this practice has been criticized in American, and some advocate ordering more nsible quantities.
PS: 1.appropriate topics i .e Jim Smith—Uncle Jim
2. respon to complaint
3. make apology
Unit3
Term interpretation
A cultural assumption 文化定式
A cultural assumption Is when we assume that a person has particular values and attitudes bad on their cultural backgrounds.
