各种词性后缀一览表 ( 最常用的 )
1.名词后缀 1)-or/er/ess/crat/cis: 做某件事情或职业的人或 物: worker, debtor
2)-acy, 表示 " 性质,状态,境遇 " democracy, accuracy, diplomacy obedience
3)-ance,-ence表示”性质,状况,行为,过程,总量,程
度” importance, diligence, difference,
4)-ancy, -ency, 表示"性质, 状态, 行为, 过程" frequency, urgency, efficiency,
5)-bility, 表示 "动作,性质,状态 " possibility, flexibility, feasibility,
6)-dom, 表示 " 等级,领域,状态 " freedom, kingdom, wisdom
7)-hood, 表示 " 资格,身份 , 年纪,状态 " childhood, manhood, falhood
8)-ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition, 表示 "行为的过程,结果,状
况 " action, solution, conclusion, destruction, expression_r, correction
9)-ism, 表示 " 制度,主义,学说,信仰,行为 " socialism,
criticism, colloquialism, heroism
10)-ity, 表示 " 性质,状态,程度” purity, reality, ability, calamity
11)-ment, 表示 " 行为,状态,过程, 手段及其结果 treatment, movement, judgment, punishment, argument
12)-ness, 表 示 " 性 质 , 状 态 , 程 度 " goodness, kindness, tiredness, friendliness
13)-ship, 表示 "情况,性质,技巧,技能及身份,职业” hardship, membership, friendship
14)-th, 表示"动作,性质,过程,状态" depth, wealth, truth, length, growth
15)-tude, 表示"性质,状态,程度" latitude, altitude( 海拔)
16)-ure, 表示 " 行为,结果 " exposure, pressure, failure,
procedure (手续),
17-grapy,表示" 学,写法” biography, calligraphy,
geography
18)-ic, ics, 表示” 学 法 ” logic, mechanics,
electronics, linguistics
19)-ology,表示” 学 论” biology, zoology,
technology( 工艺学 )
20)-nomy, 表 示" 学 术" astronomy, economy,
bionomy( 生态学 )
2.形容词后缀 (1)带有“属性,倾向,相关”的含义
1)-able, -ible, visible, flexible
2)名词 -ish, foolish, bookish, lfish( 注意 accomplish,
vanish)
3)-ive, active, nsitive, productive
4)-like, manlike, childlike
5)名词 -ly, manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly
6)-some, troublesome, handsome
7)-ful, beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful
8)-ous, dangerous, generous, courageous, various
9)-ent, violent
10)-most, foremost, topmost
11)less, 表示否定, countless, stainless, wireless
3.动词后缀
1)-ize, i, 表示"做成,变成, 化 “ modernize, mechanize,
democratize, organize
2)-en, 表示 "使成为,引起,使有” quicken, weaken, soften,
harden
3)-fy,表示”使 化,使成” beautify, purify, intensify,
signify, simplify
4)-ish, 表示 "使,令” finish, abolish, diminish, establish
5)-ate, 表示 “成为 , 处理,作用” parate, operate,
indicate
4.副词后缀 (形容词)-ly : bad— badly坏地/恶劣地,careful carefully 小心地
-wi(OE) : clock 宀 clockwi(a./adv.)顺时针方向的 (地);like — likewi 同样地
-wards: out—outwards 向外面地, north — northwards 向 北方地