《英语词汇学教程》（2004 年版）练习答案
Chapter 1
7. Choo the standard meaning from the list on the right to match each of the slang words on the left.
a. tart: loo woman
b. bloke: fellow
c. gat: pistol
d. swell: great
e. chicken: coward
f. blue: fight
g. smoky: police
h. full: drunk
i. dame: woman
j. beaver: girl
8. Give the modern equivalents for the following archaic words.
haply = perhaps
albeit = although
methinks = it ems to me
eke = also
sooth = truth
morn = morning
troth = pledge
ere = before
quoth = said
hallowed = holy
billow = wave / the a
bade = bid
12. Categorize the following borrowed words into denizens, aliens, translation loans, and mantic loans.
Denizens: kettle, die, wall, skirt, husband
Aliens: confrere, pro patria, Wunderkind, mikado, parvenu
Translation loans: chopstick, typhoon, black humour, long time no e
Semantic loans: dream
Chapter 2
1. Why should students of English lexicology study the Indo-European Language Family?
The Indo-European Language Family is one of the most important language families in the world. It is made up of most of the languages of Europe, the Near East and India. English belongs to this family and the other members of the Indo-European have more or less influence on English vocabulary. Knowledge of the Indo-European Language Family will help us understand English words better and u them more appropriately.
2. Make a tree diagram to show the family relations of the modern languages given below.
Indo-European Language Family
Balto-Slavic Indo-Iranian Celtic Italian Hellenic Germanic
Roumanian Hindi Breton Spanish Greek English
Lithuanian Persian Scottish French Swedish
Prussian Irish Italian German
Polish Portugue Norweigian
Slavenian Icelandic
Russian Danish
Bulgarian Dutch
6. Here is a text chon from the Declaration of Independence.
“When in the cour of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bonds which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth parate and equal station to which the law
s of nature and of nature’s God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the caus which impel them to the paration.”
Pick out all the words of Greek or Latin origin from the text and e of what origin are the words left. What insight does this exerci give you with reference to the borrowings from Greek and Latin?
“When in the cour of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bonds which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth parate and equal station to which the laws of nature and of nature’s God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the caus which impel them to the paration.”
Most of the content words are either of Greek or Latin origin. What are left are mostly functional words. This shows that Greek and Latin play a very important pa
rt in the English vocabulary.
8. Tell the different elements that make up the following hybrids.
eventful [Latin + English]
falhood [ Latin + English]
saxophone [German + Greek]
joss hou [ Portugue + English]
hydroplane [Greek + Latin]
pacifist [Latin + Greek]
heirloom [ French + English]
television [Greek + Latin]
9. Put the following French loan words into two groups, one being early borrowings and the other late ones.
amateur (late)
finacé (late)
empire (early)
peace (E)
courage (E)
garage (L)
judgement (E)
chair (E)
chai (L)
grace (E)
rvant (E)
routine (L)
jealous (E)
savaté (L)
genre (L)
gender (E)
début (L)
morale (L)
state (E)
chez (L)
ballet (L)
11. Match the Italian musical terms with the proper definitons.
allegro, f. in fast tempo轻快
andante, j. in moderate tempo行板
diminuendo, g. decreasing in volume渐弱
largo, d. in a slow stately manner缓慢
pianoforte, a. soft and loud轻转强
alto, i. lowest singing boice for woman女低音
