考研英语(完形填空)-试卷33
(总分:120.00,做题时间:90分钟)
一、 U of English(总题数:3,分数:120.00)
1.Section I U of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choo the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.(分数:40.00)
__________________________________________________________________________________________
解析:
Is a nation"s destiny t by its fertility rates? Japan has the world"s oldest【C1】______, but Japane longevity can"t【C2】______ for its extremely-low fertility rate—just 1.4 children per woman. One in four don"t have children. Some European countries also have low fertility rates, but top up【C3】______ migrants. Japan does not. The conventional view is that this is bad news: shrinking numbers【C4】______ economic growth and the ag
ing population is a major【C5】______ burden. But there is another【C6】______ The proportion of Japan"s population has almost twice as many over-65s as children. 【C7】______ Japan spends less on education. And becau the Japane are the world"s healthiest, care【C8】______ are also lower than in other nations. Japan"s economy has been growing slowly for two decades now. But【C9】______ the falling population, individual income has been【C10】______ strongly—outperforming most US citizens". With 127 million people, Japan is【C11】______ empty. But fewer people in future will mean it has more living space, more agricultural land per head, and a higher quality of life. Its【C12】______ on the planet for food and other【C13】______ will also lesn. Japan isn"t alone in population【C14】______: Russia, Romania and Hungary all【C15】______ the trend. For many more, it is being【C16】______ by immigration. But the global population is increasing slowly. The world recently reached "peak child" —the point【C17】______ the number of children aged 0 to 14 around the globe【C18】______ off. Global fertility rates have halved in 40 years—they are now below 2.5 children per woman—and global population may peak soon. Some believe that peak pop
ulation is a【C19】______ first step to reducing our【C20】______ on the planet"s life-support systems. In that ca, following Japan"s example may be just the ticket.(分数:40.00)
(1).【C1】(分数:2.00)
A.population √
&y
C.history
D.politics
解析:解析:空格后提到Japane longevity“日本人的长寿”,再结合下文的extremely-low fertility rate“极低的生育率”,可推断此处是说日本人口的老龄化问题,故选A项population。
(2).【C2】(分数:2.00)
A.cater
B.stand
C.last
&pensate √
解析:解析:本段末提到欧洲国家的情况,跟日本进行对比。说到欧洲国家对生育率低的缺口进行“补充,填充”(top up),因此推断,空格处填入的词应跟top up近义,compensate for...意为“弥补、补偿”符合要求。
(3).【C3】(分数:2.00)
A.with √
&
C.for
D.in
解析:解析:top up本义表示“加满、充值”,在本文中意为“补充,弥补”,空格后的migrants“移民”是补充的方式,因此选择表“方式”的A项with,意为“通过……来弥补”。
(4).【C4】(分数:2.00)
A.provide
B.hamper √
C.further
&sure
解析:解析:shrinking numbers指代上文中提到的日本出生率低导致的人口数量减少.既然这被认为是坏消息,那么shrinking numbers对economic growth起到的应该是消极作用,B项hamper作及物动词,意为“妨碍,束缚”,符合上下文语义。
(5).【C5】(分数:2.00)
A.educational
B.financial √
C.political
D.cultural
解析:解析:此句and前面提到生育率低跟经济发展的关系,and后面的部分在语义上应承接前面的内容,人口老龄化跟教育花费和医疗开支的关系归根结底也属于人口问题和经济问题之间的关系,故选B项financial“财政的”。
(6).【C6】(分数:2.00)
A.side √
&ason
C.ca
D.factor
解析:解析:上一句提到传统的看法强调人口老龄化对经济增长的消极作用.此处紧接着用转折关系副词but引出本文的看法,强调人口老龄化对经济增长的积极作用,这是看待同一问题的另一面,故选A项side。
(7).【C7】(分数:2.00)
A.However
B.Moreover
C.Conquently √
D.Becau
解析:解析:空格前提到“日本65岁以上人口占的比例几乎是儿童的两倍”,空格后说“日本在教育上的花费较少”,后者在逻辑上为前者的“结果”,因此选表结果的C项Conquently。
(8).【C8】(分数:2.00)
A.payments
B.incomes
C.shares
D.bills √
解析:解析:空格前说becau the Japane are the world"s healthiest“因为日本人是世界上最健康的人”,所以推断他们在医疗方面的花费也比其他国家少。D项bills“账单”符合要求。
(9).【C9】(分数:2.00)
A.thanks to √
&ardless of
&her with
D.prior to
解析:解析:此处填入的短语用于描述the falling population与individual income has been...之间的关系。从转折语气可推断,人口数量整体下降应该会导致个人收入的增加。故选A项thanks to“由于,多亏”。
(10).【C10】(分数:2.00)
&panding
B.diminishing
C.declining
D.rising √
解析:解析:空格所在句由转折词But引导,说明individual income的变化应与上句提到的economy发展减缓刚好相反,所以D项rising“增加,上升”为正确答案。
(11).【C11】(分数:2.00)
A.always
&ly
C.almost
D.hardly √
解析:解析:根据空格前的127 million,可看出日本的人口密度较高,因此此处需填入一个具有否定意义的副词,用以修饰empty,表示日本人口的高密集度。四个选项中只有D项hardly“几乎不”具有否定意义,故本题选D。
(12).【C12】(分数:2.00)
A.divisions
&quirements
C.demands √
D.supplies
解析:解析:上一句提到“未来人口会更少”(fewer people in future),可推断对食物的需求也会减少,因此空格处应填入“需求”含义的词,C项demands“需求”为正确答案。
(13).【C13】(分数:2.00)
A.devices
&sources √
C.appliances
D.facilities
解析:解析:此处的and other______与food并列,说明空格处应该填入可概括或包含“食物”这一概念的词,B项resources“资源”符合要求。
(14).【C14】(分数:2.00)
&sumption
B.deduction
&action √
&pansion
解析:解析:本文从一开始就提到日本人口数量减少的事实。第二段第一句又用shrinking numbers来表达这一信息,故本题选C项contraction“缩小”。
(15).【C15】(分数:2.00)
A.support
B.follow √
C.fall
D.develop
解析:解析:上文提到日本并不是唯一一个人口数量减少的国家,推断其他国家也有出现同样或类似的问题。故选择B项follow“跟随”。follow the trend表示“跟随潮流”,此处指这些国家也随之出现人口数量减少的问题。
(16).【C16】(分数:2.00)
A.worned
B.stopped
C.delayed √
D.paud
解析:解析:本文第一段的最后一句提到一些欧洲国家出生率低,但有移民补充人口(top up…migrants),可推断欧洲国家,因为补充了移民,人口减少的趋势会被延迟,故选C项delayed。
(17).【C17】(分数:2.00)
A.where √
B.when
C.that
D.who
解析:解析:分析句子结构,此处需填入关系副词充当后面定语从句的引导词,该定语从句修饰the point,而the point为前面的peak child的同位语,peak指代曲线图中高峰点、顶点,所以应选表示“方位”的副词,作状语,故选A项where。
(18).【C18】(分数:2.00)
A.starts
&s
C.levels √
D.takes
解析:解析:该句破折号前提及全球将达到“儿童高峰期”(peak child),据此可推断达到高峰后,其走向应趋于平稳或开始走低。C项levels与off搭配即表示“趋于平稳”,故选C项。
(19).【C19】(分数:2.00)
A.promising
&ssary √
C.possible
D.helpful
解析:解析:文章最后一句用In that ca引出结论,just the ticket“正是所需要的人/事/物”说明了peak population“人口数量达到顶峰”是必要的条件,因此应选B项necessary“必要的”。
(20).【C20】(分数:2.00)
A.supply
B.fight
C.assault √
&d
解析:解析:第4段第2句提到fewer people in future will mean it has more living space,more agricultural land per head,即人口数量越少,人均可拥有的地球资源就越多,对地球生命维持系统(planet"s life-support system)造成的压力就越少,因此空格应填入跟“压力”近义的词,C项assault“攻击”符合要求。