参考译文陈列内容设计方案文字说明部分
展标：周风虢韵——虢国历史文化陈列
The Culture and History of the Guo State
第一部分虢旗猎猎
Part I The Rising of the Guo State
部分说明：虢国是西周初年的姬姓封国，其开国国君是周文王之弟、武王的叔父虢仲班级安全管理制度
、虢叔。历代虢公多为周王朝卿士，辅佐周王征伐，参与大事决策，对周王朝的兴起、发展和衰落都有重大影响。公元前655年，位于陕地的西虢国被晋国所灭，留下了“假虞灭虢”、“唇亡齿寒”的千古遗训。20世纪50年代以来，在河南三门峡发现了虢国墓地和虢都上阳城遗址，给世人带来了无限惊喜……
The Guo state was a vassal state surnamed Ji in the early Western Zhou Dynasty, who founders were the brothers of King Wen and also the uncles of King Wu, namely Guo Zhon
g and Guo Shu. For generations, most monarchs of the Guo State rved as ministers of the Zhou Dynasty assisting the King Wu on battles and the court and contributing to the ri, prosperity and fall of the dynasty. In 655 BC, the state of Western Guo located in modern ShanXi province was conquered by the state of Jin, which left the eternal teachings: “Borrowing a road of the Yu Vassal State to wipe out the Guo Vassal State.”and “If the lips are gone, the teeth will be in danger.” Since 1950s, the discovery荷包蛋怎么煎
of the cemetery of the Guo State and the relics of Shangyang City, capital of the Guo State in Sanmenxia of Henan province, has brought enormous surpri to people.
第一单元胙土命氏封邦建国——分封、疆域、五虢播迁
Unit 1 The Territory Development of the Guo State
单元说明：周武王灭商后，为巩固姬周王朝的统治，大规模分封诸侯。虢仲、虢叔分别被分封在今陕西宝鸡和河南荥阳，史称“西虢”“东虢”。东虢于公元前767年被郑国所灭。西周末年，西虢国东迁至今河南三门峡一带，因地跨黄河两岸，故黄河以北地区被
称为“北虢”，黄河以南地区称为“南虢”，其实属一个虢国，于公元前655年被晋国所灭。西虢东迁后，原陕西宝鸡一带的虢国被称为“小虢”，于公元前687年被秦国所灭。
Introduction: After conquering the Shang Dynasty, King Wu began to widely grant titles and territories to high officials for consolidating the regime. Guo Zhong and Guo Shu were respectively enfeoffed in Western Guo (today’s Baoji city in Shanxi Province) and Eastern Guo (today’s Xingyang in Henan Province. In 767 BC, Eastern Guo was wiped out by the State of Zheng( 806 BC - 375 BC). At the end of the Western Zhou, Western Guo moved eastward to today’s Sanmenxia city in Henan Province. Being divided up by the Yellow River, the Western Guo became two parts: one was called Northern Guo in the river’s north, another Southern Guo across the river, which were both wiped out by the State Jin in 655 BC. After the migration of Western Guo, the former territory of the Guo State (today’s Baoji area in Shanxi Province) has been called “the Small Guo State” until it was conquered by the State of Qin in 687 BC.
第二单元四方征伐赫赫簪缨(zn yng)——征战、人物、历史故事
Unit 2 The Military Expeditions, Historic Characters and Stories 单元说明：虢国作为周王室的宗亲诸侯国，和王室关系密切。历代虢国国君多为周王朝的卿士，把持着周王室朝政，对周王朝产生了巨大影响，在两周时期引发了多起重大历史事件，留下了许多跌宕起伏、脍炙人口的历史故事。尤其是征战事件，处处可见虢国贵族的身影。
Introduction: The Guo State, one of clan vassals, kept clo relations with the royal family of the Zhou. Most kings of the Guo State rved as ministers of the Zhou Dynasty controlling roral governance and exerting tremendous influence in the history of the Zhou Dynasty. Therefore, many significant historic events, especially in the military expedition, happened during that period of history, and lots of stirring and popular stories were told about them.
第三单元虢国考古重泉现宝——考古发现、墓葬与遗址
Unit 3 The Archaeological Discoveries, Burial Ground and Relics of the Guo State
单元说明：虢国墓地自1956年发现至今，先后经过四次钻探和两次大规模发掘，探明整个
虢国墓地南北长590米，东西宽550米，占地32.45万平方米，各类墓葬遗址500余座，是一处规模宏大、排列有序、等级齐全、保存完好的两周时期诸侯邦国公墓。
20世纪50年代和90年代的两次考古发掘，清理了250多座墓葬、9座车马坑和3座马坑，出土文物3万余件，使我们对虢国墓地的全貌和性质有了一个完整的认识与了解。
Introduction: Since being discovered in 1956, the burial ground of Guo Vassal State has experienced drilling and explorations for four times as well as two large excavations. The total tomb area is found 590 meters long from north to孕妇可以吃汉堡吗
south and 550 meters wide from east to west, covering an area of 324,500 square meters. With more than 500 tombs strictly distributed according to ranks, the burial ground of the Guo Vassal State is a well-prerved large cemetery of the Western Zhou and Eastern Zhou Dynasties.
In the two excavations of 1950s and 1990s, over 250 tombs, 9 hor-and-chariot burial pits and 3 chariot burial pits were discovered and more than 300,000 cultural relics were unearthed, which enable us to have an overall panorama of the burial ground of the Guo State.
第二部分吉金灿灿
Part II The Bronzes
部分说明：虢国青铜器是虢国物质文明的象征，在其祭祀、战争、宴享等重大国事活动中被大量使用。虢国墓地不仅出土有威严庄重的庙堂彝器，而且还有纷繁多样的兵器、车马器和生产工具等，其品类众多，纹饰精美，带铭器物多，且制作精细。反映出虢国与周王室高度一致的宗法、等级等政治制度，以及文化与生产力发展的水平。
Introduction: The bronzes of the Guo State, symbolizing the material culture of that time, were frequently ud in significant national events, such as fetes, wars and entertainments. From the cemetery of the Guo State were unearthed not only dignified sacrificial vesls but also various weapons, chariot-and-hor fittings, manufacturing tools and so on. Its diver categories, exquisite decorations and delicate craftsmanship, especially tho with inscriptions, mirror the ancient culture and productivity development level at that time and reflect the patriarchal clan
political system of the Guo State that was highly consistent with that of the Zhou royal family.
