离散数学双语专业词汇表

更新时间:2023-05-03 17:07:20 阅读: 评论:0

《离散数学》双语专业词汇表t:集合subt:子集
element, member:成员,元素well-defined:良定,完全确定brace:花括号reprentation:表示
nsible:有意义的rational number:有理数
empty t:空集Venn diagram:文氏图
contain(in):包含(于)universal t:全集
finite (infinite) t:有限(无限)集cardinality:基数,势
power t:幂集operation on ts:集合运算
disjoint ts:不相交集interction:交
union:并complement of B with respect to A:A与B的差集symmetric difference:对称差commutative:可交换的associative:可结合的distributive:可分配的idempotent:等幂的de Morgan’s laws:德摩根律inclusion-exclusion principle:容斥原理quence:序列subscript:下标recursive:递归
explicit:显式的string:串,字符串
t corresponding to a quence:对应于序列的集合
linear array(list):线性表characteristic function:特征函数countable(uncountable):可数(不可数)alphabet:字母表
word:词empty quence(string):空串
catenation:合并,拼接regular expression:正则表达式division:除法multiple:倍数prime:素(数)
algorithm:算法common divisor:公因子
GCD(greatest common divisor):最大公因子
LCM(least common multiple):最小公倍数
Euclidian algorithm:欧几里得算法,辗转相除法
pudocode:伪码(拟码)matrix:矩阵square matrix:方阵row:行column:列
entry(element):元素diagonal matrix:对角阵
Boolean matrix:布尔矩阵join:并
meet:交Boolean product:布尔乘积mathematical structure(system):数学结构(系统)
clod with respect to:对…是封闭的
binary operation:二元运算unary operation:一元运算
identity:么元,单位元inver:逆元
statement, proposition:命题logical connective:命题联结词compound statement:复合命题propositional variable:命题变元negation:否定(式)truth table:真值表
conjunction:合取disjunction:析取
quantifier:量词universal quantification:全称量词化propositional function:命题公式predicate:谓词
existential quantification:存在量词化conver:逆命题conditional statement, implication:条件式,
蕴涵式conquent, conclusion:结论,后件
contrapositive:逆否命题hypothesis:假设,前提,前件biconditional, equiv光信号不亮 alence:双条件式,等价
logically equivalent:(逻辑)等价的contingency:可满足式tautology:永真(重言)式contradiction, absurdity:永假(矛盾)式logically follow:是…的逻辑结论rules of reference:推理规则modus ponens:肯定律m odus tollens:否定律
indirect method:间接证明法proof by contradiction:反证法counterexample;反例basic step:基础步
principle of mathematical induction:(第一)数999年 学归纳法
induction step:归纳步strong induction:第二数学归纳法relation:关系digraph:有向图
ordered pair:有序对,序偶product t, Caretesian t:叉积,笛partition, quotient t:划分,商集block, cell:划分块,单元domain:定义域range:值域
R-relative t:R相关集vertex(vertices):结点,顶点edge:边in-degree:入度
out-degree:出度path:通路,路径
cycle:回路connectivity relation:连通性关系reachability relation:可达性关系composition:复合reflexive:自反的irreflexive:反自反的
empty relation:空关系symmetric:对称的
asymmetric:非对称的antisymmetric:反对称的
graph:无向图undirected edge:无向边
adjacent vertices:邻接结点connected:连通的
transitive:传递的equivalent relation:等价关系congruent to:与…同余modulus玉镯子怎么鉴别真假 :模
equivalence class:等价类linked list:链表
storage cell:存储单元pointer:指针
complementary relation:补关系inver:逆关系
closure:闭包symmetric closure:对称闭包reflexive closure:自反闭包composition:关系的复合transitive closure:传递闭包Warshal’s algorithm:Warshall算法
function, mapping, transformation:函数,映射,变换
argument:自变量value, image:值,像,应变量labeled digraph:标记有向图identity function on A:A上的恒等函数everywhere defined:处处有定义的onto:到上函数,满射
one to one:单射,一对一函数
bijection, one胸口疼是什么原因 -to-one correspondence:双射,一一对应
invertible function:可逆函数floor function:下取整函数
ceiling function:上取整函数Boolean function:布尔函数
ba 2 exponential function:以2为底的指数函数
logarithm function to the ba n:以n为底的对数
hashing function:杂凑函数key:键
growth of function:函数增长same order:同阶
lower order:低阶running time:运行时间permutation:置换,排列cyclic permutation:循环置换,轮换transposition:对换odd(even) permutation:奇(偶)置换order relation:序关系partial order:偏序关系
partially ordered t, pot:偏序集dual:对偶
comparable:可比较的linear order(total order):线序,全序linearly ordered t, chain:线(全)序集,链
product partial order:积偏序
lexicographic order:字典序Has diagram:哈斯图topological sorting:拓扑排序isomorphism:同构
maximal(minimal) element:极大(小)元extremal element:极值元素greatest(least) element:最大(小)元unit element:么(单位)元zero element:零元upper(lower) bound:上(下)界
least upper(greatest lower) bound:上(下)确界lattice:格
join:,保联,并meet:保交,交
sublattice:子格absorption property:吸收律
bounded lattice:有界格distributive lattice:分配格complement:补元modular lattice:模格
Boolean algebra:布尔代数involution property:对合律Boolean polynomial, Boolean expression:布尔多项式(表达式)
or(and, not) gate:或(与,非)门inverter:反向器
circuit design:线路设计minterm:极小项Karnaugh map:卡诺图
tree:树root:根,根结点
rooted tree:(有)根树level:层,
parent:父结点offspring:子女结点
siblings:兄弟结点height:树高
leaf(leave):叶结点ordered tree:有序树
n-tree:n-元树complete n-tree:完全n-元树(complete) binary tree:(完全)二元(叉)树descendant:后代subtree:子树positional tree:位置树
positional binary tree:位置二元(叉)树doubly linked list:双向链表tree arching:树的搜索(遍历)traver:遍历,周游preorder arch:前序遍历Polish form:(表达式的)波兰表示inorder arch:中序遍历postorder arch:后序遍历rever Polish form:(表达式的)逆波兰表示
linked-list reprentation:链表表示
undirected tree:无向树undirected edge:无向边
adjacent vertices:邻接结点simple path:简单路径(通路)simple cycle:简单回路acyclic:无(简单)回路的spanning tree:生成树,支撑树Prim’s algorithm:Prim算法minimal spanning tree:最小生成树weighted graph:(赋)权图weight:树distance:距离
nearest neighbor:最邻近结点greedy algorithm:贪婪算法optimal solution:最佳方法Kruskal’s algorithm:Kruskal算法graph:(无向)图vertex(vertices):结点带是的成语 edge:边
end point:端点relationship:关系connection:连接
degree of a vertex:结点的度loop:自回路path:路径isolated vertex:孤立结点adjacent vertices:邻接结点
circuit:回路simple path(circuit):基本路径(回路) connected:连通的disconnected:不连通的component:分图discrete graph(null graph):零图complete graph:完全图
regular graph:正规图,正则图linear graph:线性图subgraph:子图Euler path(circuit):欧拉路径(回路) Konisberg Bridge problem:哥尼斯堡七桥问题ordinance:法规recycle:回超越自我 收,再循环bridge:桥,割边
Hamiltonian path(circuit):哈密尔顿路径(回路)
dodecahedron:正十二面体weight:权
TSP(traveling salesperson problem):货郎担问题
transport network:运输网络capacity:容量
maximum flow:最大流source:源
sink:汇conversation of flow:流的守恒value of a flow:流的值excess capacity:增值容量
cut:割the capacity of a cut:割的容量matching problems:匹配问题matching function:匹配函数compatible with:与…相容maximal match:最大匹配complete match:完全匹配coloring graphs:图的着色proper coloring:正规着色chromatic number of G:G的色数map-coloring problem:地图着色问题conjecture:猜想
planar graph:(可)平面图bland meats:未加调料的肉chromatic polynomial:着色多项式
binary operation on a t A:集合A上的二元运算
clod under the operation:运算对…是封闭的
commutative:可交换的associative:可结合的idempotent:幂等的distributive:可分配的migroup:半群product:积
free migroup generated by A:由A生成的自由半群
identity(element):么(单位)元monoid:含么半群,独异点submigroup:子半群submonoid:子含么半群isomorphism:同构homomorphism:同态homomorphic image:同态像Kernel:同态核
congruence relation:同余关系natural homomorphism:自然同态group:群inver:逆元quotient group:商群
Abelian group:交换(阿贝尔)群cancellation property:消去律multiplication table:运算表finite group:有限(阶)群order of a group:群的阶symmetric group:对称群subgroup:子群alternating group:交替群
Klein 4 group:Klein四元群cot:陪集
(left) right cot:(左)右陪集normal subgroup:正规(不变)子群prerequisite:预备知识virtually:几乎
informal brand:不严格的那种notation:标记
nsible:有意义的logician:逻辑学家
extensively:广泛地,全面地commuter:经常往来于两地的人by convention:按常规,按惯例dimension:维(数) compatible:相容的
discipline:学科reasoning:推理
declarative ntence:陈述句n-tuple:n-元组
component ntence:分句tacitly:默认
generic element:任一元素algorithm verification:算法证明counting:计数factorial:裤子英语 阶乘
combination:组合pigeonhole principle:鸽巢原理existence proof:存在性证明constructive proof:构造性证明category:类别,分类factor:因子
concutively:相继地probability(theory):概率(论) die:骰子probabilistic:概率性的
sample space:样本空间event:事件
certain event:必然事件impossible event:不可能事件

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