第3节议论文
题组训练一
1
(2018江苏)
If you want to disturb the car industry，you’d better have a few billion dollars：Mom-and-pop carmakers are草龟干养还是水养好
unlikely to beat the biggest car companies.But in agriculture，small farmers can get the best of the major players.By connecting directly with customers，and by responding quickly to changes in the markets as well as in the ecosystems(生态系统)，small farmers can keep one step ahead of the big guys.As the co-founder of the National Young Farmers Coalition (NYFC，美国青年农会) and a family farmer mylf，I have a front-row at to the innovations among small farmers that are transforming the industry.
For example，take the Quick Cut Greens Harvester，a tool developed just a couple of years ago by a young farmer，Jonathan Dysinger，in Tenne，with a small loan from a local Slow Money g瘀伤
roup.It enables small-scale farmers to harvest 175 pounds of 新郎对新娘的简短表白
green vegetables per hour—a huge improvemen
t over harvesting just a few dozen pounds by hand—suddenly making it possible for the little guys to compete with large farms of California.Before the tool came out，small farmers couldn’t touch the price per pound offered by California farms.But now，with the combination of a better price point and a generally fresher product，they can stay in business.
The sustainable success of small farmers，though，won’t happen without fundamental changes to the industry.One crucial factor is cure access to land.Competition from investors，developers，and established large farmers makes owning one’s own land unattainable for many new farmers.From 2004 to 2013，agricultural land values doubled，and they continue to ri in many regions.
Another challenge for more than a million of the most qualified farm workers and managers is a non-existent path to citizenship—the greatest barrier to building a farm of their own.With farmers over the age of 65 outnumbering(多于) farmers younger than 35 by six to one，and with two-thirds of the nation’s farmland in need of a new farmer，we must clear the path for talented people willing to grow the nation’s food.
There are solutions that could light a path toward a mor每天学点幽默口才
e sustainable and fair farm economy，but far
mers can’t clumsily put them together before us.We at the NYFC need broad support as we urge Congress to increa farmland conrvation，as we push for immigration reform，and as we ek policies that will ensure the success of a diver and ambitious next generation of farmers from all backgrounds.With a new farm bill to be debated in Congress，consumers must take a stand
with young farmers.
1．The author mentions car industry at the beginning of the passage to introduce .
A．the progress made in car industry
B．a special feature of agriculture
C．a trend of development in agriculture
D．the importance of investing in car industry
答案 B
解析推理判断题。文章开头首先提到汽车行业的特点，“如果想进军汽车行业，你最好有几十亿美元：家庭经营的汽车制造厂不大可能击败最大的汽车公司”；接着指出“但是在农业方面，小农场主可以胜过大农场主”。由此可知，作者开头提到汽车行业是为了通过对比介绍农业的一个特色。
2．What does the author want to illustrate with the example in Paragraph 2?
A．Loans to small local farmers are necessary.
B．Technology is vital for agricultural development.
C．Competition between small and big farms is fierce.
D．Small farmers may gain some advantages over big ones.
答案 D
解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...suddenly making it possible for the little guys to compete with large farms of California.”以及“...they can stay in business.”可知，Quick Cut Greens Harvester的发明让小农场可以与加利福尼亚的大农场竞争，并且可以继续经营下去，也就是说小农场主可能比大农场主获得了一些优势。
3．What is the difficulty for tho new farmers?
A．To gain more financial aid.
B．To hire good farm managers.
C．To have farms of their own.
D．To win old farmers’ support.
答案 C
解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Competition from investors，developers，and established large farmers makes owning one’s own land unattainable for many new farmers.”可知，来自投资者、开发商和资深的大农场主的竞争使许多新农场主无法拥有自己的土地，也就是说，新农场主面临的困难是“有自己的农场”。
4．What should farmers do for a more sustainable and fair farm economy?
A．Seek support beyond NYFC.
B．Expand farmland conrvation.
C．Become members of NYFC.
D．Invest more to improve technology.
答案 A
解析推理判断题。根据题干中的“a more sustainable and fair farm economy”定位到文章最后一段。该段提到NYFC在敦促国会增加耕地保护等方面需要支持，有关国会将要讨论的新农业法案，消费者必须与年轻农民站在一起。由此可知，为了使农场经济可持续和公平发展，农场主需要寻求NYFC以外的支持。
2
Teens and younger children are reading a lot less for fun，according to a Common Sen Media report published Monday.
While the decline over the past decade is steep for teen readers，some data in the report shows that reading remains a big part of many children’s lives，and indicates how parents might help encourage more reading.
According to the report’s key findings，“the proportion(比例) who say they ‘hardly ever’ read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today.”
The report data 哑铃锻炼方法图解
shows that pleasure reading levels for younger children，ages 2－8，remain largely the same.But the amount of time spent in reading each ssion has declined，from clor to an hour or more to clor to a half hour per ssion.
When it comes to technology and reading，the report does little to counl(建议) parents looking for data about the effect of e-readers and tablets on reading.It does point out that many parents still limit electronic reading，mainly due to concerns about incread screen time.
The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents rving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading.Data shows that kids and teens who do read frequently，compared to infrequent readers，have more books in the home，more books purchad for them，parents who read more often，and parents who t aside time for them to read.
As the end of school approaches，and school vacation reading lists loom(逼近) ahead，parents mig
ht take this chance to step in and make their own summer reading list and plan a family trip to the library or bookstore.
5．Wha无线鼠标怎么充电
t is the Common Sen Media report probably about?
A．Children’s reading habits.
B．Quality of children’s books.
C．Children’s after-class activities.
D．Parent-child relationships.
答案 A
解析推理判断题。关于题干提到的这份报告，第二、三段说孩子们的趣味性阅读减少了，几乎不进行趣味性阅读的人数增加了，第五、六段提到电子书的阅读以及父母的榜样作用，从这些信息推断，这份报告研究的内容是孩子们的阅读习惯。因此选A。
6．Where can you find the data that best supports “children are reading a lot less for fun”？A．In Paragraph 2. B．In Paragraph 3.
C．In Paragraph 4. D．In Paragraph 5.
答案 B
解析细节理解题。第三段说几乎不进行趣味性阅读的孩子所占的比例上升了，因此这一段说的是孩子们趣味性阅读的情况减少了。这与题干中的“孩子们趣味性阅读的情况减少了”相吻合。
7．Why do many parents limit electronic reading?
A．E-books are of poor quality.
B．It could be a waste of time.
C．It may harm children’s health.
D．E-readers are expensive.
答案 C
解析推理判断题。第五段提到科技产品与阅读的关系，指出这份报告几乎没有建议父母去了解电子读物和平板电脑对阅读的影响，并提到许多父母因为注意到孩子看屏幕的时间在不断增加，就对电子书的阅读进行限制。从这些信息看，父母这样做的原因是从孩子的健康方面去考虑的。因此选C。
8．How should parents encourage their children to read more?
A．Act as role models for them.
B．Ask them to write book reports.
C．Set up reading groups for them.
D．Talk with their reading class teachers.
答案 A
解析细节理解题。根据第六段第一句中的“...shows clear evidence of parents rving as
examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading.”可知，对于孩子的读书问题，父母应当做出表率，鼓励孩子读书。故选A项。
3
I read somewhere that we spend a full third of our lives waiting.But where are we doing all of this waiting，and what does it mean to an impatient society like ours？To understand the issue，let’s take a look at three types of “waits”．
The very purest form of waiting is the Watched-Pot Wait.It is without doubt the most annoying of all.Take filling up the kitchen sink(洗碗池) as an example.There is absolutely nothing you can do while this is going on but keep both eyes fixed on the sink until it’s full.During the waits，the brain slips away from the body and wanders about until the water runs over the edge of the counter and onto your socks.This kind of wait makes the waiter helpless and mindless.
A cousin to the Watched-Pot Wait is the Forced Wait.This one requires a bit of discipline.Properly preparing packaged noodle soup requires a Forced Wait.Directions are very specific.“Bring three cups of water to boil，add mix，simmer three minutes，remove from heat，let stand five minutes.”I have my doubts that anyone has actually followed the procedures strictly.After all，Forced Waiting requires patience.
Perhaps the most powerful type of waiting is the Lucky-Break梦见拍照
Wait.This type of wait is unusual in tha
t it is for the most part voluntary.Unlike the Forced Wait，which is also voluntary，waiting for your lucky break does not necessarily mean that it will happen.
Turning one’s life into a waiting game requires faith and hope，and is strictly for the optimists among us.On the surface it ems as ridiculous as following the directions on soup mixes，but the Lucky-Break Wait well rves tho who are willing to do it.As long as one doesn’t come to rely on it，wishing for a few good things to happen never hurts anybody.
We certainly do spend a good deal of our time waiting.The next time you’re standing at the sink waiting for it to fill while cooking noodle soup that you’ll have to eat until a large bag of cash falls海纳百川图片
out of the sky，don’t be desperate.You’re probably just as busy as the next guy.
9．While doing a Watched-Pot Wait，we tend to .
A．keep ourlves busy B．get abnt-minded
C．grow anxious D．stay focud
答案 B
解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...the brain slips away from the body and This kind of wait makes the waiter helpless and mindless.”可知，Watched-Pot Wait常常
