Notes for Unit 2, Book Three
I. Key Words and Uful Expressions (Text A)
1 hold on (L. 5)
1) survive in a difficult or dangerous situation; hang on 历经危难而不死；坚持住
他们设法坚持住直到有救援到来。 They managed to hold on until help arrived.
我觉得自己坚持不了多长时间了。 I don’t think I can hol贵阳美食
d on much longer.
2) (infml)(usu. in imperative) wait and stop (通常用于祈使语句)等一下；停住
停一停，让我喘口气。 Hold on a minute while I get my breath back..
2. defy (L. 10) v
1) disobey or refu to respect (sb., an authority, etc.) 违抗，反抗，藐视，蔑视（某人﹑权威等）
他们违抗父母的意愿而结婚了。 They defied their parents and got married.
任何蔑视法律的人都会受到惩罚。 Anyone who defies the law will be published.
2) be so difficult as to make (sth.) impossible 因为太困难而使…不可能
这门用什么方法也打不开。 The door defied all attempts to open it.
此问题无法解决。 The problem defied solution.
3. given (L.13)
1) prep. taking (sth.) into account 考虑到（某事物）
鉴于政府在解决失业问题上成绩不佳，他们在选举中获胜机会似乎不大。
Given the government’s record on unemployment, their chances of winning the election look poor.
考虑到她喜欢孩子，我可以肯定教书是最适合她的职业。
Given that she is interested in children/Given her interest in children, I am sur医院故事
e teaching is the right career for her.
2) adj. (esp. attrib) specified or stated (尤作定语)确定的；所述的；规定的
他们要在规定的时间和地点会晤。 They were to meet at a given time and place.
这项工作必须在规定时间内完成。 This work must be done within the given time.
4. crush (on sth.) n. (L.16) (infml) strong but typical brief liking (for sb.) 喜爱
小学生往往很钦佩老师。 Schoolchildren often have/get crushes 辅警个人总结
on teachers.
乔治对玛丽有意思哦。 Gorge has a big crush on Mary.
5. fancy (L.18) v.
1) (infml) have a desire or wish for (sth.); want 渴望或希望得到（某事物）；想要
我想来杯茶。 I fancy a cup of tea.
你晚饭喜欢吃什么？ What do you fancy for supper?
2) think or believe (sth.); imagine 想；以为；想象
我看今天要下雨。 I fancy (that) it’s going to rain today.
他好像听到身后有脚步声。 He fancied he heard footsteps behind him.
短语: fancy onelf (as sth.) (infml) 自命不凡；自负
6. blossom v. (L. 40)
1) (of a tree or shrub) produce flower（指树木）开花
樱桃树今年开花早。 The cherry trees blossomed early this year.
2) out (into sth.qq购物号如何开通
) (fig.) develop in a healthy or promising way; grow or develop (into sth.); flouris 健康的成长；长成或发展成（某事物）；兴盛
莫扎特早在童年时已初露头角（成为作曲家）。
Mozart blossomed (as a compor) very early in life.
她已亭亭玉立，成了美丽的少女。 She has blossomed (out) into a beautiful young lady.
7. restraint n. (L.48)
1) [C] ～on sth./sb. thing that checks or controls; restriction 起遏制作用的事物；管制措施；约束力
他勇于打破常规的约束。 He is never afraid to get off the restraints of convention.
她再也无法忍受有限的收入对家庭开支预算的约束了。
She began to find the restraints on the family budget of a limited income unbearable.
2) [U] the state of being controlled or checked抑制，遏制；管制；约束
那孩子的感情一直受到压抑。
The child’s affections were kept under/suffered continual restraint.
8. jump/climb/get on the bandwagon (L.55) joining others in doing sth. fashionable or likely to be successful 赶浪头；赶时髦；随大流
低腰牛仔裤现在很流行，人人趋之若骛呢。
Low-waist jeans are so popular now―everyone is jumping on the bandwagon.
我想也不妨像人们说的赶赶时髦。
I suppo I may as well climb on the bandwagon, as they say.
背景文化：
bandwagon指的是有乐队的马车。在十九世纪的美国南方，参选人为了吸引选民注意，在选战进入紧锣密鼓阶段会安排车队造势，在车阵的最前方会有一辆上面有乐队表演的马车。拜票过程中，民众会跳上车表示支持，期待该候选人当选了，可从中捞到好处。后来，人们便将“跳上乐队车”引申为“赶时髦”之意。
9. via prep. (L.58) by way of (sth.); through 经由（某事物）；通过
我可以通过内部通讯系统给他发个通知。
I can nd him a note via the internal mail system.
他取道土耳其来到欧洲。 He came to Europe via Turkey.
10. blame sth. on sb. / blame sb. (for sth.) (L.63-64) consider or say that sb. is responsible for sth. done (badly or wrongly) or not done 责怪；责备；归咎于
她把婚姻的触礁归咎于他。 She blamed the failure of their marriage on him.
调查组指出火车司机应对事故负责。 The inquiry blamed the train driver for the accident.
11. acquire vt. (L.73) gain (sth.) by one’s own ability, efforts or behavior （靠自己的能力﹑努力或行为而）获得，得到（某事物）
学好英语 acquire a good knowledge of English
学会喝白兰地酒 acquire a taste of brandy
得到不诚实的名声 acquire a reputation of dishonesty
我妹妹无法把她的书桌搬入新居，我就是这样才得到它的。
My铜焊
sister couldn’t take her desk with her to the new hou: that is how I came to acquire it.
12. let sb. loo (on sth.) (L.83) allow sb. to deal with sth. in their own way （在某场合）让…任意行动，给予自由
把狗放开一会吧。 Let the dog loo for a minute.
只有当人们有足够训练之后，才允许他们在体制内自由发展。
People are only let loo on the system once they have received sufficient training.
13. forge vt. (L. 84)
1) shape (sth.) by heating it in a fire and hammering 锻造；打铁
锻造剑﹑铁链等 forge a sword, a chain, etc
