Chapter 8
第八章
COST FUNCTIONS
成本函数
Copyright ©2005 by South-western, a division of Thomson learning. All rights rerved.
Economic Cost经济成本
•The economic cost of any input is the payment required to keep that input in its prent employment任何投入的经济成本是保持该投入处于现行使用状态所需支付的费用
–the remuneration the input would receive in its best
alternative employment该投入用于其他用途所能获得的最大报酬
can you feel it非诚勿扰
•注意与会计成本的区别
如何培养孩子的自信心–区别主要在资本成本、企业家才能的成本方面
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–在劳动力成本方面很一致在线日语翻译中文
em的用法Two Simplifying Assumptions
两个简化假设
•There are only two inputs仅有两种要素投入
–homogeneous labor (l), measured in labor-hours同质的劳动(l)，以劳动小时衡量
–homogeneous capital (k), measured in machine-hours同质的资本(k)，以机器小时衡量wetter
•entrepreneurial costs are included in capital costs企业家的成本包括在资本成本内
上海培训师•Inputs are hired in perfectly competitive markets投入来源于完全竞争市场
–firms are price takers in input markets厂商在投入市场上，为价格接受者
Economic Profits经济利润•Total costs for the firm are given by厂商的总成本为
total costs = C= w l+ vk
•Total revenue for the firm is given by厂商的总收入为
total revenue = pq= pf(k,l)•Economic profits (π) are equal to经济利润(π)为
π= total revenue -total cost
gre作文π= pq-w l-vk
π= pf(k,l) -w l-vk
Economic Profits经济利润•Economic profits are a function of the amount of capital and labor employed经济利润是所使用的资本和劳动数量的函数
–we could examine how a firm would choo k and l to maximize profit我们可以检验厂商如何选择k和l来最大化其利润
commandname•“derived demand” theory of labor and capital inputs 劳动和资本投入的“引致需求”理论
免费翻译在线–for now, we will assume that the firm has already chon its output level (q0) and wants to minimize its costs现在，我们假定厂商已经
)
，并且想最小化其成本
选定其产出水平(q
