人教版高中英语选修九 Unit 2 sailing the oceans-语法篇〔学生版〕
没问题英语怎么说第4讲 Unit 2 Sailing the oceans语法篇
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1. 明确谓语的概念；2. 复习动词谓语的用法；3. 识别谓语的形式。
一. 定义及动词
1. 谓语表述主语的行为动作或所处的状态。通常放置在主语之后。谓语的中心词是限定动词，有人称、数的变化。
2. 动词可分为: 及物动词、不及物动词、连系动词、情态动词。
游学夏令营〔1〕需要跟有宾语的动词叫及物动词。Children ek independence.The trial raid a number of questions.He has always liked Mr. Philips.He made the shortest speech I have ever heard.〔2〕不需要跟宾语的动词叫不及物动词。Her whole body ached.Donald was lying on the bed.Bob coughed all night.〔3〕许多动词往往既是不及物动词又是及物动词。Gus asked me whether I’d like to have dinner with him. I accepted. (vi.)I accepted the invitation. (vt.)He painted every day. (vi.)He painted vivid portraits of friends and acquaintances. (vt.)Father never smoked or drank all his life. (vi.)He drank a good deal of coffee. (vt.)At last she thanked them and left. (vi.)All I know is that Michael and I never left the hou. (vt.)二. 谓语大体上可以分为两类：简单谓语和复合谓语。1. 简单谓语：但凡由一个动词或动词短语构成，不管是什么时态、语态、语气，都是简单谓语。
The plane takes off at 8 but this morning it may be delayed by the thick fog．I have tried this way three times and failed three times．2. 复合谓语：第一类是由情态动词+动词原型或动词不定式与另外的词构成；第二类是由“系动词+表语〞构成。I would like to invite all my friends to the get-together.The weather gets warmer, and the days g
et longer. 三. 动词数的问题：主谓一致
（一）主要遵循三个原那么，意义一致原那么、语法一致原那么和邻近原那么。这三个原那么常常发生矛盾，但当发生冲突时，意义一致原那么为优先考虑的原那么。
天才抢手
〔二〕意义一致原那么：是指谓语动词的变化是以主语所表达的单、复数概念而定。
The old are very well taken care of in our city．(the old指所有的老年人，指一类人，指复数概念) 1. 在代词what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定. incorrect
All is right.
All are prent.
2. 集体名词作主语时,谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定.如family, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committeeprovided等词后用复数形式时,意为这个集体中的各个成员,用单数时表示该个集体. His family isn't very large.
His family are music lovers.
3. 但集合名词people, police, cattle, poultry(家禽).militia(民兵).ver min等在任何情况下都用复数形式.
Are there any police around？
4. 有些名词,如variety, number, population, proportion, majority 等有时看作单数,蒙蒙亮有时看作复数. A number of +名词复数+复数动词. The number of +名词复数+单数动词.
A number of books have lent out. The majority of the students like English.
5. 用half of, part of, most of, a portion of 等词引起主语时,动词通常与知行英语网of后面的名词,代词保持一致holiday plan.
Most of his money is spent on books.climax shodo shino
Most of the students are taking an active part in sports.
6. 在一些短语,如 many a 或 more than one 所修饰的词作主语时,谓语动词多用单数形式.但由more than… of 作主语时,动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致.
Many a person has read the novel.
More than 60 percent of the students are from the city.
(三) 语法一致原那么：主语和谓语通常是从语法形式上取得一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语动词也采取单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语动词也采取复数形式。Mr Black is a well-known scientist on AIDS．The books are intended for children under nine years old．〔四〕邻近一致原那么：指谓语动词的变化是以靠近谓语动词的主语局部而定。
1. 在由家人英语not only…but also…, not just…but…, or, either…or…, neither…nor…连接主语的句子中及在there be句型中，Not Jack but his parents are to blame for the home accident．(根据靠近谓语的主语his parents而定)
