同义句改写十法
同义句转换题是近几年中考英语的一个常考题型，其出题形式通常是同时给出两个句子，第一句完整，第二句中设有几处空格，要求考生填入适当的词或词组，使第二句的意思与第一句意思相同。它综合考查考生的语法、词汇、短语或习惯用语和句型结构等知识，要求运用所学的词汇、语法知识和句型结构填写句子，使句子结构完整、逻辑合理、语法知识无误、意思与所给句子相同。通过对近几年的中考英语试题中同义句转换题的分析，我们发现中考英语同义句转换题主要考查以下几个方面：
一、根据句意改写
主要考查对句意的理解和用一个词或一种结构来概括上句的意思的综合能力。如：
1．The runner fell behind the others though he did what he could.
The runner ____to keep up with the others though he ____his ______.
分析：根据第一句“虽然这名赛跑选手尽了全力，但还是落在了别人的后面”就知道“fell behin
d the others—落在别人后面”意思是“没有赶上别人—failed to keep up with the others.”wherever，“尽力—try one’s best”,unusual所以应填failed, tried, to.
2．Before talking, he told me his name and I told him my name.
We _____ _____ ______ ______ before talking.
分析：根据第一句“他把他的名字告诉了我，我把我的名字告诉他。”就知道“相互告知了对方的名字。”所以应填：told each other’s names。
2．利用从句改写
即运用关系代词、关系副词或从属连词改写。如：
1．The man is talking with a lady. He gave us a talk last week.
The man ______ gave us a talk last week ______ _____ with a lady.
分析:
2．He didn’t want to miss the first bus, so he got up early.
He got up early _________ _________ he could catch the first bus.
3．利用某些典型句式或结构进行转换
这类典型结构如so…that…，too…to…，enough to，not…until…，so do I等。如：
1. Jim wants to go boating and his parents want to go boating, too.
Jim wants to go boating, and ______ ______ his parents.
分析：答案为so do。句意为“……他的父母也一样（一样想去）”。
2. John went to bed after he finished his homework.
John ______ go to bed ______ he finished his homework
“so＋动词＋主语”结构，表示肯定，译为“某人(物) 也如此”。“neither／nor ＋动词＋主语”乌克兰留学费用结构表示否定， 译为“某人(物) 也不……”。这两种结构指前一句所说的情况同样也适合
另一个人或物。转换时应注意四点：
1.）动词指助动词、be动词或情态动词；
2.）动词在时态上与前句呼应；
3.）动词在数上要与本句主语保持一致；
4.）表示否定时，neither／nor本身具有否定意义，动词要用肯定形式。
1. Jim wants to go boating and his parents want to go boating, too.
Jim wants to go boating, and _________ _________ his parents.
【答案】so do。主语是复数his parents, 时态是一般现在时，助动词用do。
2. I like playing tennis. He likes playing tennis, too.
I like playing tennis, _________ _________ he.
【答案】so does。主语是第三人称单数，时态是一般现在时，助动词用tailsdoes。
4．利用连词改写
运用关联连词(组) and, , , but also, as well as等，可将并列句或两个句子合并为一个简单句，注意, , but also作主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则。如：
Chris has gone to South Africa to enjoy the 2010 World Cup.
Karen has gone to South Africa to enjoy the 2010 World Cup, too. (合并为一句)
_________Chris _________Karen have gone to South Africa to enjoy the 2010 World Cup. 2010年上海市
答案：both… and
2. My father isn’t a history teacher. My mother isn’t a history teacher, either.
_________ my father _________ my mother _________ a history teacher.
【答案】Neither; nor; is。neither …nor… 作句子的主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”，与最邻近的那个名词或代词保持数的一致。
3. Alice has en the film twice. Sandy has en it twice, too.
_________ Alice_________ Sandy have en the film twice.
【答案】Both; and。both…and 表示“(两者)都”。
4. This store lls men’s shoes, and it also lls men’s clothes.
This store lls _________ _________ men’s shoes _________ _________ men’s clothes.
【答案】not only; but also。but also中华英语学习网示“不仅……而且”之意。
5．利用介词短语改写
1 am surprid to find great changes have taken place in China.(改为同义句) 【2011乌鲁木齐】
______ my ______ ,I find great changes have taken place in China.
答案：88.To, surpri
2．dictThere is only a chair in the room.（同义句转换）
There is _________ _________a chair in the room. （2010.四川省自贡市）
答案：nothing but
6．利用不定式改写
Nick was so tired that he couldn’t walk any further. (2010·江苏省连云港)
Nick was _____________________________ any further.
答案：too tired to walk
2. She was so weak that she couldn’t take care of her baby.
She was _________ weak _________ take care of her baby.
【答案】too; to。原句意思是：她身体太弱，不能照顾孩子。too…to … 句型表示“太……以致于(不能)……”之意。
3. She ems to be worried now.
城建税计税依据_________ _________ that she _________ worried now.
7．利用时态改写
中考同义句改写中涉及的时态间的相互转换主要是针对一般过去时与现在完成时两种时态间的转换而言的，即非延续性动词与延续性动词进行转换。如：
1.Paul left Canada two days ago. 【2011 重庆江津】
Paul ___ Canada since two days ago.
答案：has been away from
8．利用语态改写
nothing in the world
通过改变主语，主动语态与被动语态之间可进行同义句转换，特别要注意时态、情态动词的用法。如：
More and more people speak Chine in the world. （2010·重庆市卷）
Chine _________ __________ by more and more people in the world.
答案：is spoken
9．利用反义词或反义词组改写
用反义词或词组加上否定词表达与原句相同的意思，主要考查学生对反义词、词组的积累和换位思维的能力。如：
My son is too young to join the army. 【2011 连云港】
My son isn't _______ to join the army.
答案：. old enough
hold什么意思10．利用同义词或同义词组改写
pro是什么意思中文用同义词或同义词组对原句中的某些词或词组进行替换，注意替换后的词或词组的词形变化要与句子其他成分相适应。如：
