2015考研英语一试题答案及解析
Section1U of English
Directions:Readthe following text.Choo the best word(s)for each numbered blank andmark[A],[B],[C]or[D]on ANSWER SHEET1.(10points)阿格尼丝
Though not biologically related,friends are as"related"as fourth cousins,sharing about1% of genes.That is1a study published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,has2。
The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted31932unique subjects which4pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers.The same people were ud in both5。
While1%may em6,it is not so to a geneticist.As co-author of the study James Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego says,"Most people do not even7their fourth cousins but somehow manage to lect as friends the people who8our kin."
The team also developed a"friendship score"which can predict who will be your friend bad on their genes。
The study9found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity.Why this similarity in olfactory genes is difficult to explain,for now.10,as the team suggests,it draws us to similar environments but there is more11it.There could be many mechanisms working in tandem that12us in choosing genetically similar friends13than "functional kinship"of being friends with14!
One of the remarkable findings of the study was that the similar genes em to be evolving 15than other genes.Studying this could help16why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000years,with social environment being a major17factor。
The findings do not simply corroborate people’s18to befriend tho of similar19 backgrounds,say the rearchers.Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction,care was taken to20that all subjects,friends and strangers were taken from the same population.The team also controlled the data to check ancestry of subjects。
1A what B why C how D when
2A defended B concluded C withdrawn D advid
3A for B with C byD on
4A parated B sought C compared D connected
5A tests B objects C samples D examples
6A insignificantB unexpected C unreliable D incredible
7A visit B miss C know D ek
8A surpass B influence C favor D remble
9A again B also C instead D thus
witter10A Meanwhile B FurthermoreC Likewi D Perhaps
11A about B to C from D like
12A limit B obrve C confu D drive
13A according toB rather than C regardless of D along with
3分钟演讲稿14A chances B respons C benefits D missions
v line15A faster B slower C later D earlier
16A forecast B remember C expressD understand
17A unpredicted B contributory C controllable D disruptive
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后记：为什么而考研？
你知道自己为什么而选择考研？是为了不想就业选择考研？是为了跟别人比较不满足于现在的学历和学校而选择考研？是为了继续提高自己的专业能力，将来更好的工作或者出国而考研？总之每个人都有自己的目的，木哥希望大家目标很明确而且是积极向上的，否则就不要去做！
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18A tendency B decision C arrangementD endeavor
19A political B religious C ethnic D economic
20A e B show C prove D tell
答案解析
1、A what本句的句意是：这就是加利福尼亚大学和耶鲁大学在美国国家科学院报告上联合发表的研究成果。第一个空考察表语从句的引导词。
2、B concluded本句的句意是：这就是加利福尼亚大学和耶鲁大学在美国国家科学院报告上联合发表的研究成果。第二个空为针对从句谓语进行的词义考察。
3、D on本句前半句的句意是：这项研究是一个基于1932个独特个体的基因组广谱分析。考察Conduct on词组，进行。从句意为：它对成对儿的非亲缘朋友和陌生人进行比较。
4、C compared比较，根据上下文及后一句的same知道，比较为最佳。
5、C samples词义题，样本，C为最佳选项。
6、A insignificant词义题，1%，以及后面的not so转折，判断，A insignificant不显著，为最佳选项。
7、C know句意为：一些人虽然并不认识他们第四代的表亲，但他们选择的朋友却和这些亲戚颇有相似之处。
8、D remble词义题，和上一个空形成转折。
9、B also上下文逻辑题，发现了，还发现了。Also为最佳选项。
10、D Perhaps结合上下文：这一现象很难解释，后面接原因，原因“可能”是……最符合文章大意。
11、B to介词题，意为：就像这个科研团队所发现的，这个因素不仅把我们带到详细的环境中来，更有一些深层次的影响。
12、D drive词义题，根据上下文，对我们产生影响，驱使我们……drive为最佳选项。
13、B rather than逻辑题，基因上相似的，功能上相似的，二者对立不能同时存在，rather than不是…而是最符合。
14、C benefits跟“功能”搭配，选个褒义词，带来好处的，最佳。
15、A faster词义题，根据后半句解释，这就是为什么“picked pace”加速，这里只能选faster，一些比另外一些进化得更快，符合文意。
生活大爆炸主题曲
16、D understand词义题，这个研究可以帮助我们理解一个事实。
17、B contributory本句意为：社会环境是最主要的一个因素。Contributory贡献，最佳。
pierre18、A tendency结合文章主旨，选择基因相似的人做朋友是普遍现象，tendency趋势倾向最符合。
19、C ethnic同义替换，基因背景相似，种族的，民族的，最符合。
20、A e本句意为：尽管所有的研究对象都取自欧洲血统，研究者也花心思确保了所有(用于比对的)朋友和陌生人也源自该血统中的同一支系。
SectionⅡReading Comprehension
Part A
Directions：Read the following four texts.Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B,C or
D.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1.(40points)
izombieText1
King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted kings don’t abdicate,they die in their sleep.But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down.So,dies the Spanish crisis suggest that monarchy is eing its last days?Does that mean the uniting is on the wall for all European royals,with their
magnificent uniforms and majestic lifestyles?
The Spanish ca previous arguments both for and against monarchy when public opinion is particularly.Polarized,as it was following the end of the France regime,monarchs can ri above “mere”politics and“embody”a spirit of national unity。
It is this apparent transcendence of politics that explains monarchs continuing popularity as heads of states.And so,the Middle East expected,Europe is the most monarch-infested region is the world,with10kingdoms not counting Vatican city and Andorra.But unlike their absolutist counterparts in the Gulf and Asia,most royal families have survived becau they allow voters to avoid the difficult arch for a non-controversial but respect public figure。
Even so,kings and queens undoubtedly have a downside,symbolic of national unity as they claim to be,their very history—and sometimes the way they behave today-embodies outdated and indefensible privileges and inequalities.At a time when Thomes Piketty and other ecumenists are warning of rising inequality and the increasing power of inherited wealth,it is bizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic states.The most successful monarchies strive to abandon or hide their old aristocratic ways.Prince and princess have day-jobs and ride bicycles, not hors(or helicopters).Even so,the are wealthy families who party with the international 1%，and media intrusiveness makes it increasingly difficult to maintain the right image。
While Europe’s monarchies will no doubt be smart enough to strive for some time to come, it is the British royals who have most to fear from the Spanish example。
It is only the Queen who has prerved the monarchy reputation with her rather ordinary(if well-healed)granny style.The danger will come with Charles,who has both an expensive taste of lifestyle and a pretty hierarchical view of the world.He has failed to understand that monarchies have largely survived becau they provide a rvice—as non-controversial and non-political heads of state.Charles ought to know that as English history shows,it is kings of republicans,who are the mon
archy’s worst enemies。
21、according to the first two paragraphs,king Juan Carl of span
[A]ud to enjoy high public support
[B]was unpopular among European royals
[C]ended his reign in embarrassment
[D]ead his relationship with his rivals
22、monarchs are kept as head of state in Europe mostly
[A]owing to their undoubted and respectable status
[B]to achieve a balance between tradition and reality
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[C]to give voters more public figures to look up to
[D]due to their everlasting political embodiment
23.Which of the following is shown to be odd,according to Paragraph4?
[A]Aristocrats’excessive reliance on inherited wealth。
[B]The simple lifestyle of the aristocratic families。
[C]The role of the nobility in modern democracies。
[D]The nobility’s adherence to their privileges。
24.The British royals“have most to fear”becau Charles
[A]takes a tough line on political issues。
[B]fails to change his lifestyle as advid。
