自上而下的加工和自下而上的加工英语版名词解释
篇一：
Title: Top-Down Processing and Bottom-Up Processing - Noun Explanations
Introduction:
In the field of cognitive psychology, top-down processing and bottom-up processing are two different approaches ud by individuals to make n of the world around them. The process involve the u of prior knowledge and nsory information to understand and interpret stimuli. This article aims to provide noun explanations for both top-down processing and bottom-up processing, highlighting their differences and applications.
1. Top-Down Processing:
Top-down processing refers to the cognitive process in which an individual us pre-existing knowledge and expectations to interpret and understand incoming nsory informat
ion. It involves the u of higher-level cognitive process, such as memory, attention, and perception, to construct meaning from the environment. This approach allows individuals to make n of ambiguous or incomplete information by relying on their prior knowledge and experiences.
Example:
Imagine walking into a room filled with musical instruments. Even if you are not familiar with a specific instrument, your prior knowledge of different musical instruments allows you to recognize and categorize them bad on their shapes, sizes, and other visual cues. This is an example of top-down processing, where your existing knowledge influences your perception and understanding of the stimuli.
Application:
Top-down processing is often ud in situations where individuals need to quickly make n of complex or ambiguous information. It is commonly employed in tasks such as re
mottoading, problem-solving, and decision-making, where prior knowledge and expectations play a crucial role in interpreting the input.
2. Bottom-Up Processing:
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isolate>碰撞英文Bottom-up processing, also known as data-driven processing, refers to the cognitive process in which an individual analyzes and interprets stimuli bad solely on the nsory information received. This approach involves processing information from the environment in a step-by-step manner, starting from the basic nsory features and gradually building up a complete reprentation.
加权平均
Example:
Suppo you are watching a movie without any prior knowledge or expectations. As you view each frame, your brain process the individual visual elements, such as colors, shapes, and movements, and integrates them to form a coherent understanding of the scene. This is an example of bottom-up processing, as your interpretation is solely bad on the nsory information without any preconceived notions.
Application:
Bottom-up processing is often utilized in situations where individuals need to gather accurate and unbiad information from the environment. It is commonly employed in tasks such as visual perception, pattern recognition, and nsory evaluations, where the focus is on analyzing the input without relying on prior knowledge or expectations.
Conclusion:
In summary, top-down processing and bottom-up processing are two distinct cognitive approaches ud by individuals to understand and interpret stimuli. While top-down processing involves using prior knowledge and expectations to make n of information, bottom-up processing focus on analyzing nsory information without any preconceived notions. Both approaches play esntial roles in cognitive process and are utilized in various daily tasks and applications.。
篇二：
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Title: Top-Down Processing and Bottom-Up Processing - Noun Definitions (Create and Expand the Corresponding Text for this Title)
Introduction:
In the field of cognitive psychology and perception, top-down processing and bottom-up processing are two important concepts that explain how we perceive and make n of the world around us. The process play a crucial role in various aspects of human cognition, including nsory perception, problem-solving, decision-making, and language comprehension.
秘密用英语怎么说1. Top-Down Processing:
Top-down processing refers to the cognitive process in which our prior knowledge, expectations, and context influence our perception and understanding of incoming nsory information. It involves using higher-level cognitive process, such as memory, attention, and reasoning, to interpret and make n of nsory input. In other words, ou
r existing knowledge and expectations guide our perception and interpretation of nsory stimuli.
Example: Imagine walking into a dark room and eing a shadowy figure. Even though the visual input is limited, your top-down processing helps you recognize the silhouette as a familiar object, such as a chair, bad on your previous experiences and knowledge of what a chair looks like.
2. Bottom-Up Processing:
始螈
成人高考高升本Bottom-up processing, also known as data-driven processing, refers to the cognitive process in which we derive meaning and understanding from nsory information by analyzing the individual components and building a coherent perception from them. It involves the analysis of the raw nsory input without much influence from pre-existing knowledge or expectations. Bottom-up processing starts at the nsory receptors and proceeds to higher-level cognitive processing.
Example: While reading a ntence, bottom-up processing allows us to recognize individual letters, combine them into words, and ultimately understand the meaning of the ntence by integrating the information from the individual components.
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