考研英语阅读理解精读练习beman>man friday
Britons’ most aring memories of their encounter with foot-and-mouth dia in 2001 are of the piles of animals slaughtered to try to stop its spread. Such a draconian policy might have been accepted had the dia been controlled quickly. But its ineffectiveness—more than 6m cows, sheep and pigs were culled before the dia was eradicated—led to widespread revulsion and a government rethink.
Just as in 2001, if an animal is thought to be infected, its herd will be culled and a quarantine zone t up. But this time, unless the dia is stamped out quickly, animals nearby will also be vaccinated to create a “fire-break” across which it is unlikely to travel. Already 300,000 dos of vaccine have been ordered, so that if government vets decide that slaughter alone is unlikely to be effective, they can start vaccinating straight away.
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Humans almost never catch foot-and-mouth and it rarely kills the cloven-hooved beasts it affects. But animals produce less milk and meat, so its economic effects ar
e vere. It is also highly thccontagious: infected livestock produce the virus that caus it in large quantities, and transmit it through saliva建设档案管理, 发展趋势英文mucus, milk, faeces and even droplets in their breath.
wood是什么意思
Even so, only countries where foot-and-mouth is endemic, as in parts of Latin America, vaccinate all animals. One reason is cost: the dia is caud by a virus with ven main types and tens of sub-types, with a targeted vaccine needed for each strain and shots repeated, perhaps as often as twice a year. It is also becau vaccinating damages exports. Places that are free from foot-and-mouth are unwilling to import vaccinated beasts, or fresh meat from them, becau they may still carry the dia.
The fear of being shut out of foreign markets led to the British government's disastrous foot-dragging over vaccination in 2001. But that same year an outbreak in the Netherlands involving 26 farms was brought under control in just one month by vaccinating 200,000 animals. Though healthy, the beasts then had to be culled so that farmers could return to exporting without restrictions as soon as possible.
家人的英文单词
Not even eternal vigilance on imports can keep a country free of foot-and-mouth dia: the latest outbreak was apparently caud by a breach of bio-curity at the Pirbright laboratory complex in Surrey, where government rearchers keep the live virus for vaccine rearch and Merial, an American animal-health company, manufactures vaccine for export. Human action, accidental or deliberate, ems likely to have been involved.
Ironically, one reason for eschewing vaccination is that although it provides the best hope of dealing with outbreaks, maintaining the capacity to produce vaccine is itlf a risky business. Many earlier episodes of foot-and-mouth in countries normally free from the dia have been caud by laboratory escapes; in 1970 a leak from Pirbright's isolation facilities was fortunately contained.
1. Which one of the following statements is not TRUE of the foot-and-mouth dia in Briton in 2001?
[A] The dia had never been effectively controlled throughout the event.
[B] The policy of slaughtering animals to stop the dia spread proved to be a failure.
[C] The slaughtering policy was arousing discontent among the public in Britons.
[D] The government failed to take immediate actions of creating fire-break around the infected livestock.
2. The new policy is different from the policy in 2001 in the following aspects except_____
[A] the piles of animals will not be slaughtered as in 2001.criminal charge
[B] animals near the infected herb will be injected with vaccine.
[C] a belt of quarantine with vaccinated animals will be erected.
[D] it is paying more attention to prevention of the outbreak of the epidemic.
3．Only a few countries have all of their animals injected with vaccines becau of the following reason except_____
prent的意思
[A] it is unnecessary to vaccinate all the animals in counties in which there are little chances of infecting foot-and-mouth.
[B] the cost of vaccines against all types of the virus causing the dia is very high.
[C] vaccinated animals are less welcomed by importing countries.
[D] the vaccine cost will be rising as types of virus causing the dia are increasing.
