米饭英文听懂英文讲座的技巧
The cret of understanding a lecture
oneminutestandOK. What do you need to do in order to understand the lecture? That's probably the important question for you. Now there are four things that I'm going to talk about.
The first thing is that you need to be aware of all of the parts of the language that carry meaning. Now you all know that words carry meaning. So words are obvious. You've got to be aware of the vocabulary of the language, the words.
But there are other features of the language that you need to be aware of. For one thing you need to be aware of stress. OK? I'll give you an example：“I went to the bar.”“ I went to the bar.” It makes a difference. In the cond example, I'm stressing the fact that it was me and not someone el, “I went to the bar”. So that stress has a meaning.富兰克林自传下载
Now the next thing I want you to listen for is intonation. For example, if I say “He came.”“He came?”There are two different meanings. One is a statement, the other one is a question.
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And another thing you need to listen for is rhythm. For example,“Can you e,Karen? ”versus“Can you e Karen? ”da da Da da da ,da da da DA da. Tho two means are something different. “Can you e, Karen?” “Can you e Karen?” One says “can you e”, and they're talking directly to Karen. The other one says “Can you e Karen, over there." OK. So rhythm has something to do with understanding.
And finally, body language. If you watch me speak, sometimes you can e what I'm doing. I'll say “the first thing”and point a finger, “on the other hand” and change my body position. So I u my body to give you meaning, or emphasize my meaning. So when you listen, you need to understand all the carriers of meaning in language.
take youOK. The next thing you must do when you listen is when you listen you need to add information that the lecturer expects you to add. All lectures assume that they share some information with their audience and that their audience does not need them to spell out every word. And listeners have an ability to add this information due to two sources of information, their
knowledge of a particular subject, and their knowledge or experience of the world.
So for example, let's take an example which requires subject-matter knowledge. If you heard a speaker say, “the temperature in the region never falls below 32 degrees Fahrenheit so the residents don't have to worry about protecting their pipes" The lecturer is assuming that you, the listener, can add the information that water freezes below 32degrees Fahrenheit, and this could be dangerous to pipes. The lecturer does not need say all this becau he or she assumes that the audience can add this information bad on its basic knowledge of the subject matter.
Now here's another example. This time requiring adding information bad on world experience, that is, knowledge of the world. If I say something like, “John and Jane were ready to walk down the aisle but then they realized that they didn't have the ring” If Americans heard that, they'd probably automatically assume that it was a wedding. Becau they think of walking down the aisle and exchanging rings as esntial parts of the American wedding ceremony. But if you didn't know that that was the culture, you'd h台词英文
bozeave a harder time understanding my ntence. Becau you didn't add the needed information, the information that I , as the speaker, expected you to be able to add.
OK. So remember, listening is not a matter of just absorbing the speaker's words. The listener has to do more than that. The listener is not a tape recorder. Absorbing the speaker's words and putting them in his or her brain, rather listening involves hearing the speaker's words and reinterpreting them. Adding information is necessary. So the meaning is not in the word alone, rather it is in the person who us it or responds to it. So that's the cond thing that a listener must do, add information that the lecturer assumes that they share.
OK. The third thing that a listener needs to do, and this is to me the most important thing of all: that's to predict as you listen. Now let me give you two reasons why you have to predict.
For one thing, if you predict it helps you overcome noi. What do I mean by noi? Maybe there's noi outside and you can't hear me. Maybe
四六级分数查询you're in the back of the room and you can't hear all that well. Maybe someone's talking next to you. Maybe the microphone doesn't work. Maybe there's noi inside your head. By that I mean maybe you're thinking of something el and then all of a sudden you'll remember “oh! I've got to listen!”By being able to predict during the lecture you can just keep listening to the lecture and not lo the idea of what's going on. So predicting is important to help you overcome outside noi and inside noi. OK?
女士们先生们的英文And another reason that predicting is important is becau it saves you time. Now when you listen, you need time to think about the information, relate it to old ideas, take notes. And if you're only keeping up with what I'm saying or what the lecturer's saying, you have no time to do that. And I'll bet a lot of you are having that problem right now. Becau it's so hard just to follow everything I'm saying that you don't have time to note down ideas. So predicting saves you time. If you can guess what I'm going to say, you're able to take notes, you are able to think, you have more time. OK?西安教育网站
