情态动词英语语法知识精讲
情态动词(modal verb)本身有词义,表示说话人的语气或情态,但词义不 完全,不能单独用作谓语动词,一般只能和动词原形一起构成谓语动词。小编 在这里整理了相关资料,希望能帮助到您。
情态动词概述
特征
1)情态动词(亚热带湿润气候modal verb)本身有词义,表示说话人的语气或情态,但词义 不完全,不能单独用作谓语动词,一般只能和动词原形一起构成谓语动词。
2)情态动词所表示的情态有:命令、允诺、请求、拒绝、愿望、愿意、义 务、必要、可能、能力、敢于、需要等。
3)情态动词(ought 除外)和助动词 shall,will,should,would 一样,后 面的动词不定式一般皆不带。
形式变化
1)没有人称和数的变化,第三人称单数的现在时也无变化。如:
I can We can
You can You can
He
分配率They can
She can
It
2)有些情态动词有过去式,有少数过去式和它的原形相同。 a)有过去式的情态动词有:
may -- would
can ― ― could
may ― ― night
shall -- should
have to -- had to
b)过去式不变的情态动词有:
must - must (或 had to)
ought to - ought to
need---svsneed
dare - dare(亦可用 dared)
3)大多数情态动词后面可用动词的进行式、完成式和被动形式,如: can(may,must)be doing,can(may,going homemust) have done,can(may,must)be done 等。
否定式
情态动词和助动词一样,后面可直接跟否定词not。现将情态动词的否定 true是什么意思式及其否定式的简略式(简略式用于口语中)列举如下:
shall not--shan't [FB:nt]
will not---won't [wEunt]
can not-can't [kB:nt]
must not-mustn't [5mQsnt]
should not-- shouldn't
would not-- wouldn't
could not-- couldn't
dare not- daren't [dZEnt]
need not-- needn't
在疑问句中的用法
情态动词在疑问句中的用法和助动词相同。如:
May I ask you a question? 我可以问你一个问题吗?
Can you let me u your dictionary for a minute? 你能把字典借我用 一会儿吗?
Would you like to visit the heavy machinery plant? 你想参观重型机 器厂吗?
注意have to 在疑问句中的位置。如:
Do you have to go out today? 你今天一定得出去吗?
Does he have to finishtreasurer the work tomorrow? 他明天非做完这项工作不 可吗?
情态动词--can, could
can 和 could
can 的词义
表示体力或脑力方面的"能力"或客观上的"可能"。如:
Can you ride a bike? driftawayYes,I can.你能骑自行车吗?是的,我能骑。
Can Mr. Smith u chopsticks? No,he can't . 史密斯先生会用筷子吗?
不,他不会。
Most women here can read and write now.这里的多数妇女都能识字,也 会写字。
In China even barren mountains 故宫陶瓷馆时隔两年重新开放can be turned into fertile fields. 在中国,荒山也能变成良田。
can 用在否定句和疑问句中时
在这种句子中,can 常可意谓"可能",表示猜测和推理。如: It surely can't be six o'cl
ock already? 不可能已经六点钟了吧?
You can't be hungry so soon,Tom. You've just had lunch. 顿姆,你 不可能饿得这么快,你刚吃过午饭。
She cannot be so careless. 她不可能这么粗心。
Where can阅读题及答案 he be? 他会在什么地方呢?
What can he mean? 他会是什么意思呢?
It surely can't be six o'clock already? 不可能已经是六点钟了吧? [注一] can 加动词的进行时态,也可表示"可能"。如:
What can he be doing all this time? 他一直会是在干什么呢? She cannot be playing ping-pong now.她现在不可能在打乒乓球。 [注二] 在日常会话中,can 可代替 may 表示"允许",may 比较正式,如: You can drop in any time. 你随时都可以来串门。
Can I u your basin? of cour,you can.我可以用你的脸盆吗?--当 然可以。
You can have my at,I'm going now.我要走了,你坐我的座位吧。 Could
could 是Call 的过去式,表示与过去有关的 1)能力和 2)可能(在否定和疑 问句四月英语怎么说中)。如:
1)We were sure that he could do the work. 我们肯定他能做这工作。
He was a farmhand. He could not afford to nd his son to school. 他是个雇农,他供不起儿子上学。
2)At that time we thought the Story could not be true.那时我们以 为所说的事不可能是真的。
[注] could 可代替 can 表示现在,但语气较为婉转。如:
could you wait half an hour?请你等半个小时好吗?
could you plea ring up again at six? 六点钟请你再来电话好吗?
could we visit a kindergarten? I've been wanting to e one ever since I came to China.我们可以访问一个幼儿园吗?我自从到中国来以后,一 直想看一所幼儿园。