the trial that rocked总结dear
he Trial That Rocked the World
震撼世界的审判
John Scopes
prayer约翰·司科普斯
苹果公司总部
A buzz ran through the crowd as I took my place in the packed court on that sweltering July day in 1925. The counl for my defen was the famous criminal lawyer Clarence Darrow. Leading counl for the procution was William Jennings Bryan, the silver-tongued orator, three times Democratic nominee for President of the United States, and leader of the fundamentalist movement that had brought about my trial.likemike
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在1925年7月那个闷热的日子里，当我在被挤得水泄不通的法庭刚就位时，人群中响起一阵嗡嗡声。为我辩护的是鼎鼎大名的刑事辩护律师克拉伦斯·达罗。担任主控官的则是口才一流
的雄辩演说家威廉·詹宁斯·布莱恩。他曾三次被提名为美国民主党总统候选人，还是促成对我进行审判的基督教原教旨主义运动的领导者。
A few weeks before I had been an unknown school-teacher in Dayton, a little town in the mountains of Tenne. Now I was involved in a trial reported the world over. Seated in court, ready to testify on my behalf, were a dozen distinguished professors and scientists, led by Professor Kirtley Mather of Harvard University. More than 100 reporters were on hand, and even radio announcers, who for the first time in history were to broadcast a jury trial. "Don't worry, son, we'll show them a few tricks," Darrow had whispered, throwing a reassuring arm round my shoulder as we were waiting for the court to open.
几个星期之前，我还只是田纳西州山区小镇戴顿的一名默默无闻的中学教员，现在我却突然变成了一场举世瞩目的审判的当事人。到庭为我作证有以哈佛大学的科特里·马瑟教授为首的十几位杰出的教授和科学家。还有一百多名新闻记者在场，甚至还有广播电台播音员，他们也要破天荒地播放一次庭审实况。就在我们静候着法庭开审的时候，达罗亲切地搂着我的肩膀小声安慰我说：“放心吧，年轻人，我们会给他们点厉害瞧瞧的。”
The ca had erupted round my head not long after I arrived in Dayton as science master and football coach at the condary school. For a number of years a clash had been building up between the fundamentalists and the modernists. The fundamentalists adhered to a literal interpretation of the Old Testament. The modernists, on the other hand, accepted the theory advanced by Charles Darwin—that all animal life, including monkeys and men, had evolved from a common ancestor.
我到戴顿中学任自然科学教员兼足球教练不久，这件案子就突然降临到我的头上。几年来，原教旨主义者和现代主义者之间就一直酝酿着一场冲突。原教旨主义者坚持严格按字面意思去理解《旧约全书》，而现代主义者则接受查尔斯·达尔文的进化论——认为一切动物，包括猿和人，都是由同一祖先进化而来的。
Fundamentalism was strong in Tenne, and the state legislature had recently pasd a law prohibiting the teaching of "any theory that denies the story of creation as taught in the Bible." The new law was aimed squarely at Darwin's theory of evolution. An engineer, George Rappelyea, ud to argue with the local people against the law. During one such
时间刻度argument, Rappelyea said that nobody could teach biology without teaching evolution. Since I had been teaching biology, I was nt for.
在田纳西州，原教旨主义势力很强，州立法机构不久前还通过了一项禁止公开讲授“任何有悖《圣经》上宣讲的上帝创造万物的理论”的法令。这项新法律的矛头直指达尔文的进化论。有位名叫乔治·拉普利亚的工程师因反对这项新法律而常与当地人进行辩论。在一次辩论中，拉普利亚说，任何人要讲授生物学，就不能不提到进化论。因为我一直在教生物学，所以就把我叫了去。
"Rappelyea is right," I told them.
“拉普利亚是对的，”我对他们说。
"Then you have been violating the law," one of them said.
最后一天的英文
“那么你就触犯了法律，”他们中的一位说。
flock"So has every other teacher," I replied. "Evolution is explained in Hunter's Civic Biology, and that's our textbook."
“其他所有的教师也都触犯了法律，”我回答说。“亨特所著的《普通生物学》一书就讲到了进化论，那是我们的教科书。”
Rappelyea then made a suggestion. "Let's take this thing to court," he said, "and test the legality of it."
拉普利亚于是提议，“我们就将此事交付法庭判决吧，看这是否合法。”
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When I was indicted on May 7, no one, least of all I, anticipated that my ca would snowball into one of the most famous trials in U.S. history. The American Civil Liberties Union announced that it would take my ca to the U.S. Supreme Court if necessary to "establish that a teacher may tell the truth without being nt to jail." Then Bryan volunteered to assist the state in procuting me. Immediately the renowned lawyer Clarence Darrow offered his rvices to defend me. Ironically, I had not known Darrow before my trial but I had met Bryan when he had given a talk at my university. I admired him, although I did not agree with his views.
当我于5月7日被正式起诉时，谁也没有料到，尤其是我本人更没想到我的这个案子竟会越闹越大，以至于成为美国历史上最著名的审判之一。美国公民自由联盟宣布：如有必要，联盟将把我的案子提交美国最高法院审理，“以确保教师不至于因讲授真理而被送进监狱。”之后，布莱恩自告奋勇地要求协助州政府对我进行起诉。随即著名律师克拉伦斯·达罗也提出为我辩护。具有讽刺意味的是，在这次审判之前我与达罗素不相识，但我却见过布莱恩，那是我在念大学的时候，他来学校做演讲。虽然我并不赞成他的观点，但我很敬佩他。
By the time the trial began on July 10, our town of 1,500 people had taken on a circus atmosphere. The buildings along the main street were festooned with banners. The streets around the three-storey red brick law court sprouted with rickety stands lling hot dogs, religious books and watermelons. Evangelists t up tents to exhort the pasrsby. People from the surrounding hills, mostly fundamentalists, arrived to cheer Bryan against the "infidel outsiders." Among them was John Butler, who had drawn up the anti-evolution law. Butler was a 49-year-old farmer who before his election had never been out of his native county.
刘一男考研词汇5500讲义
