三角形三边的关系英国议会制(British Parliamentary Style)jeddah
(1)采取4队制英国议会制辩论形式，即正反方各两队。
(2)Parliamentary Points of Information (abbreviated to POI ) 提问
Debaters may request a point of information (either verbally or by rising) at any time after the first minute, and before the last minute, of any speech.
The debater holding the floor may accept or refu points of information. If accepted, the debater making the request has fifteen conds to make a statement or ask a question. During the point of information, the speaking time of the floor debater continues. The debater should take at least one point of information.
No other parliamentary points such as points of order or points of personal privilege are allowed.
(3)Speaker Roles and Speech Specific Purpos 辩手角色及责任
Each speaker has a role and each speech has a specific purpo. The descriptions of speaker roles and speech purpos listed below are suggestive and are not intended to be exhaustive or exclusive. F
or reasons that vary from debate to debate, speakers may sometimes need to fulfill roles not mentioned here and speeches may be constructed to rve other purpos as long as proposition speakers affirm the proposition and opposition speakers oppo it.
All speakers, except the final speakers for the proposition and opposition (government and opposition whips), should introduce new material. All debaters should make rebuttal, except the opening speaker (prime minister).
Summary of Debate Format
Summary of Speaker Roles and Responsibilities
(4) 辩论队与辩题(The T eams and Motions)
The team supporting the motion in Four-Team Parliamentary Debate is referred to as the “proposition.” The team arguing against the motion is known as the “opposition” team.
Ordinarily motions are announced shortly before each debate begins. A different motion will be ud
for each debate, and will be prented to the debaters at a specified time, usually 25 to 30 minutes prior to the round.
The motion will be announced to all debaters simultaneously. Preparation time will be fifteen to thirty minutes. During this time the debaters may consult any written materials. The only materials allowed for u by the debaters during the actual debate are tho notes the debaters themlves have written during the preparation time.
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评委及评分细则
Judges must agree to follow the rules and are not allowed to impo any other rules.
Following the debate, the judges confer with one another and come to an agreement on how the teams should be ranked and scored. The teams will be ranked bad on the manner and matter of prentations in the debate, including team and speaker role, argumentation, and persuasion.
V erbal adjudication ordinarily is made for each debate by the judge designated as “chair” or by a judge appointed by the chair. V erbal adjudication should explain the winner of the debate and provid
e any additional advice for teams. Then adjudication should not last more than 5 minutes.
Judges should assign speaker points for each speaker bad on the manner and matter prented during the speech on a 50-point scale and both speakers‟ scores add up to the team‟s
final score. The details go as follows:
scarf什么意思A.Matter (25 points) 素材
[1] Matter relates to the issues in debate, the ca being prented and the material ud to
substantiate argumentation and the material ud to substantiate argumentation. (5 points) [2] The issues under debate should be correctly prioritized (by teams) and ordered (by individuals), dealing with the most important/pertinent first.素材应该按照由主到次的顺序提出，将最切题、最重要的素材放在前面。(5 points)
implement[3] Matter should be logical and well reasoned. 素材要符合逻辑而且合理。(5 points)
chow是什么意思
[4] Matter should be relevant, both to the issue in contention and the cas being advanced. 素材
要与辩题密切相关。(5 points)
[5] Matter should be persuasive. 素材要有说服力。(5 points)
B.Manner (10 points) 辩论风格
[1] Manner refers to the prentation and delivery style of a speaker. Manner指辩手陈述己方观点的风格。
[2] The following list reprents some of the elements which are, or may be, subsumed under Manner. The list is intended as a guide, rather than as a number of marking categories. It is the combination of the elements (rather than the accomplishment of each), in various proportions that contributes to an individual speaker‟s style. The major influence on an adjudicator must be: …Is the speaker‟s Manner EFFECTIVE in advancing the ca?‟
武汉培训网以下仅是评判辩手风格的一些指导性要素而非全部，评委须综合评判辩手的辩论风格。a) Vocal Style: Volume, clarity, pronunciation, pace, intonation, fluency, confidence, and
authority. 说话方式：音量，清晰度，发音，节奏，语调，流利程度，自信心以及说服力
b) Language: Conversational. 语言：口语化表达
c) U of notes: Should not distract, should not be read. 提示条的使用：不能照本宣科
d) Eye Contact: With audience. 目光交流
e) Gesture: Natural, appropriate. 手势：自然、恰当
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f) Sincerity: Believability. 真诚：要有可信度
g) Personal Attacks: (derogatory comments are not to be tolerated). 不得使用贬低性的言语进行个人攻击。
h) Humor: Effectiveness, appropriateness.幽默感：要有效、适度
faciaC.Method (15 points) 辩论方法
[1] Method refers to the strategy and tactics employed by debaters and the teams they reprent。辩论方法指的是辩手及其辩论队所采取的策略和方式。
[2] The following list reprents some of the elements which are, or may be, subsumed under
Method. The list is intended as a guide, rather than as a number of marking categories. It is
诗文朗诵the combination of the elements (rather than the accomplishment of each), in various proportions t
bitch啥意思hat contributes to an individual speaker‟s or team‟s strategy. The major influence on an adjudicator must be: …Is the speaker‟s and team‟s Method EFFECTIVE in advancing the ca?‟
以下仅是评判辩论方法的一些指导性要素而非必须和全部，评委须综合评判辩论方法。
以下这些要素的有效结合可以体现出辩手及其队伍的辩论方法。
a) Organization: The structuring of individual arguments and ordering of collective arguments in the speeches. 论据组织
b) Issue Selection: The identification of relevant points of clash in the round. 论点选择
c) Perspective: The ability to explain the relevance of individual arguments to the motion being argued. 视角
d) Refutation: The willingness and ability to engage and critique the points offered by the opposing team. 驳斥对方观点
e) Teamwork: The degree to which the members of a team work together to collectively advance a strategy. 团队合作
