howeve r表示转折与让步的用法
1.howeve r用作副词，表示转折，常用于谈及一个既成事实时，意为“然而；但是”。可放在句首、句中或句末，通常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。如：
Howeve r, long before that bravemercha nts were the real explor ers of the Wester n Ocean.
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She felt ill. She went to work,howeve r,and triedto concen trate.
but和ho wever都含有“但是、然而”的意思，但用法上有区别：
⑴从语义上看，but表示非常明显的对比，转折的意味比howev er强。
⑵从语法上看，but是个并列连词，而howev er却是个副词。
⑶从语序上看，but总是位于它所引出的分句之首，而howev er可以位于分句之首、之中或之后，但在译成汉语时一定把它放在分句之首。
在线英汉互译词典
⑷从标点上看，but之后一般不得使用逗号，但howev er位于分句之首时，通常用逗号；位于分句之中时，
通常在其前、后各加一个逗号；位于分句之尾时，则必须在其前加逗号。如：Mary went to the party, but her sisterdidn’t.
Hehasn’tarrive d. He may, howeve r, come later.
He said that it was so, he was mistak en, howeve r.
2.howeve r用作连词，相当于nomatter how，引导让步状语从句，意为“不管怎样……；无论如何……”，其结构有如下两种：
①howeve r+形容词+主语+系动词。如：
We shallneversuccee d,howeve r much we try.
②howeve r+副词+主语+谓语。如：英汉互译词典
Howeve r fast he runs,hecan’tcatchup with us.
formerlatter【高考链接】
goodness gracious
_____h ungry I am, I neverem to be able to finish off this loaf bread（08辽宁）
A. Whatev er
7755
peisiB. Whenev er
C.Wherev er
D. Howeve r
【名师点津】选D。本题考查状语从句。句意：无论我多么饿，我好象永远不能吃完这块面包。此处howe ver引导nomatter how。
C e y l on,w i t h i t s c e n t ra l p o s i ti o l a c ewhereChines e mercha nts met with Arab mercha nts and heardaboutthe wester nmost lands.
“with+复合宾语”在句中的作用
1.“with+复合宾语”结构在句子中主要充当状语，表示行为方式，伴随情况、时间、原因或条件等。
nieche①表示伴随状况状语
She came into the room，with her no red becaus e of cold
②表示原因状语
The little girl was crying with her pen broken.
③表示时间状语
With my homewo rk finish ed，I went fishin g with my father．
④表示行为方式状语
The soldie rs had him standwith his back to his father.
⑤表示条件状语
He couldfinish it with me to help him.
With all the things consid ered, her propos al is of greate r valuethan yours.银行工作总结
⑥表示结果状语
He kept the money, withou t anybod y knowin g whereit was.
领事馆英语2.“with+复合宾语”在句中作定语，相当于一个定语从句。如：
The room with the window half open is my bedroo m.
The basket with flower s filled in it has been takenaway.
elaineTherewere rows of whitehous with treesin frontof them.
3.“with+复合宾语”用作伴随状语时，常可省略with 而成为独立主格结构。如：
The old man sat in his chair, with a pipe in his hand.
The old man sat in his chair, a pipe in his hand.
【高考链接】_______andno way to reduce her pain and suffer ing from the terrib le dias e, the patien t sought her doctor 's help to end her life .(05江苏)
A.Having givenup hope of cure
B.With no hope for cure
C.Therebeinghope for cure
D.In the hope of cure
【真题解析】B。考查with的复合结构作状语的用法。逗号前的内容作状语，该部分是由介词with构成的短语及现在分词短语suf ferin g from the terrib le dias e构成的，介词with有两个宾语，分别是no hope for cure和no way to reduce her pain。句意：这位病人由于没有治愈的希望和减轻其痛苦的方法，她饱受疾病煎熬，于是请求大夫结束她的生命。
