proofread形容词副词比较级最高级变化形式归纳
形容词副词比较级最高级变化形式归纳
大多数形容词和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别。
原级即形容词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
规则变化
◇单音节以及少数双音节的词后面直接加-er , -est
原级 | 比较级 | 最高级 |
tall | taller | itchtallest |
smart | smarter | smartest |
short | shorter | shortest |
| | |
特别提醒：以-y,-er, -ow, le结尾的双音节形容词末尾加er和est。
如：healthy, funny, busy, hungry, easy, happy, early, pretty, lazy, heavy, dirty, clever, narrow等。
◇以不发音的e结尾只加-r，-st
原级 | 比较级 | 最高级 |
nice | nicer | nicest |
fine | finer | finest |
large | larger | largest |
| | |
◇“以辅音字母+y”结尾的词改y为i，再加-er, -est
原级 | 比较级 | 最高级 |
easy | easier | easiest |
pretty英语同声翻译 | prettier | prettiest |
happy | prosperityhappier | happiest |
funny | funnier | funniest |
busy | busier | busiest |
| | |
◇以一个元音加一个辅音字母结尾的单音节词（即重读闭音节词），双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-er，-est
原级 | 比较级 | 最高级 |
slim | slimmer | slimmest |
thin | thinner | thinnest |
hot | hotter | hottest |
big | bigger | biggest |
| | |
特别提醒：new, few, slow, clean等词含有字母组合，且发的是长元音，不用双写。
◇大部分双音节词和多音节的词(即音标中含有三个或三个以上元音音素的词)，要在前面加 more，most
原级 | 比较级 | 最高级 |
beautiful | more beautiful | most beautiful |
important | more important | most important |
| 爱抚 interesting | more interesting | most interesting |
expensive | more expensive | most expensive |
popular | more popular | most popular |
| | |
特别提醒：以形容前缀un构成的三音节形容词不适合上述情况，
如unhappy----unhappier----unhappiest,
untidy----untidier----untidiest
◇以形容词+ly构成的副词要在前面加 more，most
原级 | 比较级 | 最高级 |
slowly | more slowly | most slowly |
quickly | more quickly | most quickly |
angrily | more angrily | most angrily |
softly | more softly | most softly |
| weekends noisily | more noisily | most noisily |
| | |
特别提醒：early ----earlier----earliest
◇由ING分词和ED分词演变过来的形容词(包括不规则动词如know→known)只能加more
或most来表示它们的比较级和最高级。
原级 | 比较级 | 最高级 |
interesting | more interesting | most interesting |
excited | more excited | most exciting |
tired | more tired | most tired |
boring | more boring 英语角 | most boring |
| | |
不规则变化
原级 | 比较级 | 最高级 |
good/well | better | best |
bad/badly/ill | wor | worst |
many/much | more | most |
little | less | least |
far | farther/further | farthest/furthest |
comerold | older/elder | oldest/eldest |
| | |
特别提醒：
◇further不仅可以指“距离更远”，还可指“程度更深”。
记住以下三个词组：further study(进修)
further education(继续教育)
further information (进一步的信息)
◇elder仅用于同辈之间的排行，如: elder sister(姐姐)
elder brother (哥哥)
◇less作为“更少”仅用来修饰不可数名词，修饰可数名词表示“更少”要用fewer。
以下内容不作为初中英语教学内容，仅供拓展之用。
◇少数单音节词前面加 more, most 构成比较级和最高级，这类形容词一般为表语形容词和由过去分词变成的形容词。
afraid ---- more afraid, most afraid
tired ---- more tired , most tired
fond ----- more fond , most fond
glad ----- more glad , most glad
bored ---- more bored , most bored
plead---- more plead , most plead
◇下列形容词和副词的比较级和最高级有两种形式，即：既可加-er/-est也可加more/most
cruel, strict, often, friendly, clever
◇下列形容词和副词没有比较级和最高
（即表示“最高程度”或“绝对状态”的形容词和副词没有比较级和最高级）
empty, wrong, perfect, unique, extreme, excellent, favourite, true, right, correct, extremely ...
形容词副词比较级最高级使用注意事项
◇比较应在同类事物之间进行。
误：Your English is better than me.
正：Your English is better than mine.
◇比较级前可以有一个表示程度的状语，最常见的三大修饰词是：a little, much, even。also什么意思
以下单词也可用来修饰：any, far, still, a lot, yet, rather。
My sister is a little taller than me.
Their hou is much larger than ours.
另外，名词短语也可修饰比较级，说明程度。
I’m three years older than he.
特别提醒：very, quite, too不可修饰比较级。
◇避免重复使用比较级。
误：He is more kinder to small animals than I.
正：He is much kinder to small animals than I.
误：He is more cleverer than his brother.
正：He is cleverer than his brother.
◇比较要符合逻辑，在同一范围内比较时，避免将主语含在比较对象中，这时需使用other来排除自身。
误：China is larger that any country in Asia.
正：China is larger than any other country in Asia.
误：John studies harder than any student in his class.
正：John studies harder than any other student in his class.
正：John studies harder than any of the other students in his class.
正：John studies harder than anyone el in his class.
◇比较要遵循前后一致的原则，注意前后呼应。
The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.
It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.
◇序数词通常只修饰最高级。
