形容词、副词的比较级、最高级
I. 基本形式
形容词：
一、形容词比较级、最高级的构成：
构 成 法 | 原 级 | 比 较 级 | 最 高 级 |
① 一般情况，加er 和 est | strong | stronger | strongest |
② 以e结尾，只加r 和st | nice large | nicer larger | nicest largest |
③ 辅元辅结构，双写尾字母，再加er和est | big
hot | bigger
hotter | biggest
hottest |
④ 以辅音字母加y结尾，改y为i，再加er和est | easy busy
happy | easier busier
happier | easiest busiest
happiest |
⑤ 多音节词在前面加more和most | difficult 英国留学签证中介 beautiful careful interesting | more difficult more beautiful more careful more interesting | most difficult most beautiful most careful most interesting |
| | | |
二、不规则形容词的比较级、最高级形式：
原 级 | 比 较 级 | 最 高 级 |
good / well | better | best |
bad / ill | wor | worst |
many / much | more | most |
little / few | less | least |
far | farther / further | farthest / furthest |
| | |
副词：构成规则与形容词基本一致（略）
【易混点】
以ly结尾的副词不能像形容词那样加er或est，而应在副词原形前加more或most，如：
quickly→more quickly→most quickly slowly→more slowly→most slowly
II. 基本用法
一、比较级
1．比较级通常由“形容词/副词比较级 + than + …”构成，表示一方比另一方“更加……”。compare 如：
Mary is happier than Jane. 玛丽比珍妮幸福。（形容词和系词连用）
He lives more happily than I. 他过得比我幸福。（副词修饰行为动词）
【拓展】强调两者之间的比较，比较级前加the, 如：
He is the stronger of the two. 他是两个人中比较高的那个。
2．注意than前后两项相比较的人或事物要一致。如：
She does better in English than Maths. 相比于数学，她更擅长英语。
I’m better at English than her. 我比她更擅长英语。
3．比较级前可用much, a little等词语来修饰，表示“……得多”，“……一点”等意思。如：
Japan is a little larger than Germany. 日本比德国大一点儿。
His hou is much bigger than mine. 他家比我家大很多。
【注意】very, too, so, as......as等只能修饰原级，如：
English is so difficult. 英语是如此的难。
My brother is very strong. 我哥哥很强壮。
My sister is as old as her. 我妹妹和她一样大。
Tom jumps as high as Jack. 汤姆和杰克跳得一样高。
二、最高级
1．最高级用于三者或三者以上的比较，形容词的结构形式是“the＋形容词最高级＋名词＋范围”(如of all, of the three, in the world 等)。如：
He is the tallest boy in his class. 他是班上最高的男孩。
2．副词的最高级与形容词最高级的区别在于最高级前没有定冠词the。如：
He runs fastest of the three. 三个人中他跑得最快。
She dances most beautifully in our class. 她在我们班跳得最美。
练习：
一、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级、最高级形式。
1.small | | | 22.late | | |
2.short | | bestller | 23.nice | | |
3.tall | | | 24.large | | |
4.young | | | 25.heavy | | |
5.long | | | sufferfrom26.early | | |
6.strong | | | squirting27.easy | | |
7.light | | | 28.busy | | |
8.low | | | 29.slowly | pau什么意思 | |
9.high | | | 30.pretty | | |
10.slow | | | 31.funny | | |
11.fast | | chine gay | 32.dirty | | |
12.high | | | 33.beautiful | | |
13.hard | | | 34.interesting | | 英文小话剧 |
14.cheap | | | 35.expensive | | |
15.bright | | | 36.important | | |
16.dark | | | 37.different | | |
17.cool | | | 38.excited | | 张新 中国好声音 |
18.fat | | | 39.good/ well | | |
19.big | | | 40.bad/ill | | |
20.thin | | | 41.far | | |
ancient是什么意思21.hot | | | 42.old | | |
| | | 43.many/much | | |
| | | | | |
二、根据句意填入单词的正确形式。
1．My brother is two years _________ (old) than me.
2. Is your sister _________ (young) than you? Yes,she is.
3. Who is __________ (thin),you or Helen? Helen is.
4. Who pencil-box is _________ (big),yours or hers? Hers is.
5．Ben jumps ________ (high) than some of the boys in his class.
6．Does Nancy sing __________ (well) than Helen? Yes, she does.
7．My eyes are __________(big) than hers.
8．Which is __________ (heavy),the elephant or the pig?
9．Who gets up ________ (early),Tim or Tom?
10．Do the girls get up_______(early) than the boys? No,they______.
11．Jim runs _____ (slow). But Ben runs _____(slow).
课后作业：
一、选择填空：
1. My sister is getting __________.
A. fater and fater B. fatter and fatter C. more fatter and fatter D. more and more fatter
2. They are ________to us than before.
A. friend B. friendly C. more friendly D. friendier
3. Jack is the ______ boy ________our class.
A. tallest. in B. taller. in C. most tall. of D. more tall. of
4. It is not _______ warm _________ yesterday. Put on more clothes.
A. so . on B. so. in C. as .at D. as. as
5. Jane is a ________dancer and she dances__________.
A. good. well B. well. well C. earlier than D. later than
6. My mother had to work last night. so she went to bed ________me.
A. as earlier as B. as early as C. earlier than D. later than
7. Both Andy and I drive slowly. Tom drives fast. So Tom drives ________of all.
A. slower B. the slowest C. faster D. the fastest
二、用所给词的适当形式填空：
1. My brother is two years __________(old) than me.
