《现代语言学》网考考前辅导大纲
广交会英语一、单项选择题
1.As modern linguistics aims to describe and analyze the language people actually u, and not to
lay down rules for “correct” linguistic behavior, it is said to be __________A__________.
A. descriptive
B. synchronic
C. prescriptive免费幼儿早教app推荐
D. diachronic
2.Swiss linguist Saussure us the term ___________A____ to refer to the abstract linguistic
system shared by all the members of a speech community, i.e. the t of conventions and rules which language urs all have to abide by.
A. langue
B. competence
C. parole
D. performance
3.Statistics resulting from careful investigations show that there have been over 5,000 languages
in the world, about two thirds of which have only had ____B_____ form.
A. written
B. spoken
C. descriptive
D. prescriptive
4.The articulatory apparatus of a human being are contained in three important areas: the throat,
the mouth and the no. The air stream coming from _______D_____ may be modified in the cavities in various ways.
A. hearts
B. teeth
C. livers
D. lungs
5.When the vocal cords are drawn wide apart, letting air go through without causing vibration,
the sounds produced in such a condition are ________A_____.
A. voiceless
B. lax
C. voiced
D. narrow
6.The various versions of the [l] sound do not occur at random in English; their distribution
follows a nicely _________C_____ pattern; we u clear [l] before a vowel, such as loaf, and dark [ɬ] at the end of word after a vowel or before a consonant, such as tell, quilt.
A. distinct
B. clear
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C. complementary
D. similar
7.Conjunctions, ________C_______, articles and pronouns consist of the grammatical or
functional words. The number of such words is small and stable since few new words are added, therefore such words have been referred to as clod class words.
A. nouns
B. adjectives
C. prepositions
D. adverbs
8.Derivation is also subject to special constraints and restrictions, e.g. the suffix –ant can
combine with roots of _______B______ origin such as assist and combat, but not with tho of native English origin such as help and fight. Thus, there are words such as assistant and combatant, but not *helpant and *fightant.
A. French
B. Latin
C. Chine
D. American
9.__________A________ is a branch of linguistics that studies the rule that govern the formation
of ntences.
A. Syntax
B. Phonetics
C. Semantics
D. Phonology
10.Sen is concerned with the inherent meaning of a linguistic form; it is abstract and
de-contextualized. For example, the definition “a domesticated carnivorous mammal that typically has a long snout, an acute n of smell, non-retractile claws, and a barking, howling, or whining voice” is the n of the word________B________
A. cat
B. dog
C. elephant
D. bear
11.The same one word may have more than one meaning. The various meanings of the word are
related to some degree. This is what we call _______A_________. For example, the word table means a piece of furniture, and it may also mean all the people ated at a table.
A. polymy
B. hyponymy
C. antonymy
D. homonymy
12.Some antonyms are gradable becau there are often intermediate forms between the two
文都考研辅导班members of a pair. The following pairs are all gradable antonyms except ___D_______.
A. old and young
B. hot and cold
C. big and small
D. dead and alive
13.“He was a bachelor all his life”_______D________ “He never married all his life”.
A. entails
B. presuppos
C. is inconsistent with
D. is synonymous with
14.Predication analysis is a way to analyze ______D_______ meaning.
A. phoneme
B. word
C. phra
D. ntence
15.A _________A________act is the act of uttering words, phras, and claus. It is the act of
conveying literal meaning by means of syntax, lexicon and phonology..
A. locutionary
B. illocutionary
C. perlocutionary
D. performative
16.If a linguistic study aims to establish rules for “correct and standard” behavior in using
language, i.e. to tell people what they should and what they should not say, it is said be _______C______.
A. descriptive
B. synchronic
C. prescriptive
D. diachronic
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17.Saussure took a _______B______ view of language and his notion of langue is a matter of
social conventions.
A. pragmatic
B. sociological
C. mantic
D. syntactic
nbn
18.The study of sounds ud in linguistic communication led to the establishment of
_____A_______. It is concerned with all the sounds that occur in the world’s language.
A. phonetics
B. mantics
C. morphology
19.Air coming from the lungs and through the windpipe pass through the ______C__, a part of
the larynx, which is a bony structure at the end of the windpipe. This is the first point where sound modification might occur.
A. no
B. teeth
C. glottis
D. mouth
20.When two different forms are identical in very way except for one sound gment which occurs
in the same position in the strings, the two sound combinations are said to form _________B______.
成人英语怎么说A. distinctive feature
B. minimal pair
C. complementary pair
D. perfect pair
21._______C___________refers to the part of the grammar that is concerned with word formation
and word structure.
A. General linguistics
B. Phonology
如何提高英语成绩C. Morphology
D. Syntax
22.The morpheme “vision” in the common word “television” is a(n) _____D_____.
团支书用英语怎么说A. bound morpheme
B. bound form
C. inflectional morpheme
D. free morpheme
23.There are different types of affixes or morphemes. The affix “-ed” in the phra “learned a
language” is known as a(n) _______C________.
A. derivational morpheme
B. free morpheme
C. inflectional morpheme
D. free from
24.__________B_____ refers to a group of linguistic items which fulfill the same or similar
functions in a particular language such as a ntence, a noun phra or a verb.
A. Word
C. Morpheme
D. Phoneme
25.The word around which a phra is formed is termed head. The words on the left side of the
heads are said to function as _______D________. The words on the right side of the right side of the heads are said to function as complements.
A. qualifier
B. auxiliary
C. determiner
D. specifier
26.The contextualist view of meaning is bad on the presumption that one can derive meaning
from or reduce meaning to obrvable context. Two kinds of context are recognized: the situational context and the ________C_________ context.
A. distinctive
B. obrvable
C. linguistic
D. similar
27.Synonyms are classified into veral kinds. The kind to which girl and lass belong is called
_______B_____ synonyms.
A. stylistic
B. dialectal
日语就业前景C. emotive
D. collocational
28._____D_________ refers to the phenomenon that words having different meanings have the
same forms, i.e. words with different meanings are identical in sound or spelling, or both. For example, rain/reign, bow v./bow n. and bear n./bear v.
A. Polymy
B. Hyponymy
C. Antonymy
D. Homonymy
29.Pairs of words that exhibit the reversal of a relationship between the two items are called
relational opposites. The following pairs are all relational opposites except ________C_____.
A. doctor and patient
B. husband and wife
C. male and female
D. teacher and student
30.“I bought some ros” ______A_________ “I bought some flowers.”
A. entails
B. presuppos
C. is inconsistent with
D. is synonymous with
31.There are a number of relatively independent branches within the area of linguistics. The study
of them forms the core of linguistics. They do not include _________D_______.
A. phonetics
B. pragmatics
C. mantics
D. sociolinguistics
32.Chomsky us the term ______B_________ to refer to the ideal ur’s knowledge of the rules
of his language, which enable him to produce and understand an infinitely large number of ntences and recognize ntences that are ungrammatical and ambiguous.
