英语教材讲解（一）
九年级上册
Unit 1 The Developing World
Topic 1 Our country has developed rapidly.
Section A
知识点击
最贵伏特加被盗1. Rita, you have just come back from your hometown. 丽塔，你刚从老家回来。
该句使用的是现在完成时。现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。其结构是：助动词have/+has+动词的过去分词。
动词的过去分词的构成：规则变化跟动词的过去式一样，不规则变化见课本后面的附表。
下面就现在完成时的各种句子进行简要的介绍：
（1）肯定句：主语+have/ has+动词的过去分词＋其他。如：
She has left. 她已经走了。（她现在不在这儿）
We have read the book. 我们已读过此书。（已知道此书的内容）
（2）否定句：主语＋havent’/hasn天津日语培训’t＋动词的过去分词＋其他。如：
英文对话 He hasn’t en this film. 他没看过这部电影。
They haven’t been to Great Wall. 他们没去过长城。
（3）一般疑问句：Have/ Has＋主语＋动词过去分词＋其他？如：
Have you cleaned the classroom? 你打扫教室了吗？
Has your mother finished cooking? 你妈妈做好饭了吗？
（4）特殊疑问句：＋have/ has＋主语＋动词过去分词＋其他？如：
What has happened? 发生了什么事？
Where has be gone？他去哪儿了？
2．In one place I saw children working for a cruel boss. 在一个地方，我们看见孩子们正为一个残忍的老板干活
See, notice, hear, watch, smell, feel等感观动词的宾语补足语不带to的动词不定式和动词-ing两种形式：
（1）接动词-ing形式作宾语补足语时，表示动作正在进行。如：
I heard Meimei singing in her room when I went past. 我路过的时候听见梅梅在房间里唱歌。（路过的瞬间正在唱，所以用singing）
（2）接动词不定式（不带to）作宾语补足语时，表示动作的全过程或动作已经结束。如：
I often hear Meimei sing in her room.
我经常听见梅梅在房间里唱歌。（经常听见，用不带to的不定式）
3. I felt sorry for them. 我同情他们。
Be/ feel sorry for sb. 怜悯（同情）…… 如：
He decided to help Jane as he felt sorry for her.
他同情简的遭遇，决定帮助她。
〔拓展〕feel sorry for onelf 感觉不幸，自我怜悯 如：
Stop feeling sorry for yourlf and think about other people for a change.
别老觉得自己委屈了，也替别人想一想吧。
emergency4. By the way, where’s Maria? 顺便问一问，玛丽亚在哪儿？
by the way 顺便说 如：
By the way, I have good news to tell you.
三分钟英语演讲稿顺便说一声，我有好消息要告诉你。
〔拓展〕（1）the way to…去……的路 如：
I know the way to the hospital. 我知道去医院的路。
（2）way of doing sth. way to do sth. 做某事的方法（方式）如：
Is there any way of contacting you while you are in China？
你去中国后有什么办法可以跟你联系吗？
The students are learning new ways to communicate in writing.
学生们正在学习书面交流的新方法。
（3）in a way 从某一点上，在某种程度上 如：
In a way, I agree with you. 在某种程度上，我同意你的观点。
5. There goes the bell. 铃响了。
该句是倒装句。通常情况下，在以here, now, there, then等副词开头的句子里，当谓语我be, come, go, follow等词，主语又是名词时，需要把谓语动词置于主语之前，构成完全倒装。 如：
Here comes the bus! 公共汽车来了！
Now somes your turn. 现在该轮到你了。
〔注意〕若主语是人称代词则不用倒装。如：
Here he comes. 他来了。
Here they are. 它们在这儿（给你）
师生互动
S：老师，我们这节课学习了“She has gone to the library. 她去图书馆了。”和“I have been to Mount Huang with my parents. 我和我的父母去过黄山。”两句话中含有的have/ has gone to some place与have/ has been to some place该如何区别？
T：这是一个很重要的问题。Have/ has gone to some place表示去了某地，有可能就在某地或者是在去某地的路上，总之不在说话的现场。如：
－Where is your father？你父亲去哪儿了？
－He has gone to London.他去伦敦了。（他的父亲不在说话的现场）而have/has been to some place表示（曾经）去过某地，现在人已返回，不在那里了，是对过去经历的一种回忆。如：英语作文我的暑假
－Have you ever been to Beijing？ 你曾经去过北京吗？
（是问你以前的经历，现在不在北京这个地方）
－Yes, I have. 是的，我去过。
S：我懂了。但是to在每个句式中都必须有吗？
T：问得好。如果some place是名词必须接to，如果some place是副词则不接to。如：
Tom has gone to Beijing. 汤姆去了北京。
Tom has gone home. 汤姆回家了。（home为副词）
We have been to Hong Kong. 我们去过香港。
We have’t been abroad. 我们没去过国外。（abroad为副词）
课堂作业
．根据汉语或首字母提示完成句子。
1. We have just _____ ______(回来)from Beijing.
gaza2. The b_____ is ringing. Let’s have a class.
3. He went to a maths t______ school to improve his maths in summer holiday.
4. Li Ping ______ ______ (感到同情)the children.
5. We are sure we can do it very well becau we have had a p______ discussion.
．单项选择。
( )1.－Have you ever been to the Summer Palace?
－Yes, we have.
－When _____ you _____ there?
－Last month.
A. have; gone B. did; go C. will; go D. is; going
( )2.－ ______
－I have been to Shanghai.
广州英语口语培训A. Where did you go? B. Where have you been?
cj是什么意思
C. Have you been to Shanghai? D. Did you go to Shanghai?
( )3.－Have you ever been to the zoo?
－No, ______.
imak
A. I’ve never been there B. I have
C. I’ve been there D. I don’t
( )4.－I didn’t e you the whole summer holiday.
－I ______ Yunnan on August 2nd. I ______ there for two weeks.
A. went to; have gone B. have gone; have gone
C. went to; was C. have gone; have been
( )5. I saw her ______ on the street yesterday morning.
A. run B. to run C. runs D. running
