消逝的民族：楚其克族－是野蛮还是倔强
blue collar
来源History Of The Chukchi People
译者zwang5
The Chukchi people have a great history. You have already read some piece of it in one of the previous posts and now be ready to know some really weird and interesting facts about their life and traditions you haven’t known before.楚克其族有其辉煌的历史。你可能在以前的文章中了解了一些关于他们的只言片语。但是现在，你要准备好去看看他们那些文化生活和传统中真正奇怪的有趣的东西，那些你以前从来没有接触过的东西。生意地
In the 15-16th centuries the Chukchi were driven away from their lands by the Yukaghir tribes. They had to move to the very East of the country where the Asian Escimos lived and shared the land with them. Their relations were always quite peaceful and very soon their peoples mixed together and started speaking the mixed Chukchi-Escimo language.在15世纪到16世纪中间，楚克其族人被尤卡吉爾人赶出了家园。他们迁移到了国家的最东边，和生
活在那里的亚洲的愛斯基摩人分享着土地。他们之间的关系一直平和而友好，不久后他们两个种族就混居在一起并且开始使用混合的语言（楚克其－爱斯基摩语）
As for their relations with the American Escimos, they developed in a different way. Documents of the beginning of the 18th century say the Chukchi often attacked the residents of Alaska, robbed them and took their women and children prisoners. But from the middle of the 18th century they started trading as well.
至于他们和美洲爱斯基摩人的关系，他们却用了不同的方式。根据18世纪初的文献记载，楚克其族人经常袭击阿拉斯加的居民。抢劫他们的财产并且关押他们的女人和孩子。但是从18世纪中开始，他们之间也同样开始了贸易往来。
By the end of the century none of the sides, however, trusted one another and the so-called “silent trade” took place among them – one side left its goods on the ground and went away, the other one put its goods on the opposite side of the thing they wanted to exchange and also went away. Sometimes this process lasted really long and any misundartanding could lead to the bloody conflict.
在18世纪末的时候，虽然都不是因为他们任何一方的原因，然后一种由互相信任为基础的，我们叫做“沉默的贸易”在他们之间发生了。他们一方把物品放在地上然后离开，接着另一方把他们想交换的物品放在对方的地方也同样的离开。有些时候这个过程会拖延很久，并且任何一点误解都会导致流血的冲突。
Meanwhile the raids continued. The Chukchi didn’t have any special boats for this purpo, they ud simple kayaks.
与此同时突然袭击还在继续发生。 楚克其族人没有任何特质的船用来突袭，他们用简单的皮艇。
Quite rare conflicts on the a usually ended in skirmishes with bows.petya
其中有很少一些冲突在小规模的射箭攻击中结束。
But the Escimos knew an effective but very dangerous way how to beat the Chukchi. One of their men dived into the water and cut the bottom of the Chukchi’s kayak. After that the kayak and its crew eventually sank as well as the brave diver though, becau neither th
e Chukchi nor the Escimos could ever swim.
但是爱斯基摩人知道一种打败楚克其族人有效但危险的方式。他们让其中一个人潜入水中然后剪坏楚克其族人的皮艇的底部。之后皮艇和所有的船员最终都会随着那位潜水勇士一起沉入水里，因为无论是爱斯基摩人还是楚克其族人都不会游泳。英语改错技巧
To protect their ttlements from frequent attacks they both built them on the hills and surrounded them with stone walls and fortress.
为了在频繁的袭击中保护他们的栖身地，他们都在周围的斜坡上用石头建立起要塞。
They also placed disguid sharp pegs and wooden plates with thorns on the ground to hurt the enemies’ feet. The Chukchi always tried to attack suddenly. So they did it at dawn in the morning fog or at a special time when most of the Escimo men were hunting.
他们也会布置一些伪装好的地丁和木质的带刺的木板来刺伤敌人的脚。楚克其族人总是试着突然袭击。所以他们总是在清晨雾消散的拂晓前或者是在一些当大部分爱斯基摩人去打猎的特别时候突然进攻。
The raids continued till the end of the 19th century declining year by year. And only in the beginning of the 20th century the peaceful time has finally come. The peoples have mixed and people started to think only of their own profits.社会工作专业就业前景
这些突袭持续到19世纪末，然后就逐年减少。只有到了20世纪初的时候和平才最终来临。不同种族混合生活在一起，人民开始想到他们自己的利益。
bragIn the end of the 19th century the Chukchi began going in for a peculiar extreme sport – the theft of the deers.
19世纪末的时候楚其克族人开始喜欢一种奇怪的极端的运动——偷鹿
jonestownHaving had an acquaintance with another people, the Koryaks, they found out a great resource for their “hobby”. During 50 years they stole about 240.000 deers and thus made the Koryaks fish and hunt even more ardently.德福报名
和其他种族的人一样，像科里亚克族，他们也发现了他们的特别的“兴趣爱好”。在50年见，他们偷了24万偷鹿并且因此让科里亚克族人更热衷语打渔和狩猎。
It’s clear the Chukchi were much more aggressive and stronger. Some of them were 190 cm tall with strong muscles and some deers turned out to be incapable to bear such heavy riders.
很明显楚克其族人更具攻击性，更强壮。他们有些人有190厘米高，有着结实的肌肉，那些健壮的鹿也不足以负担这些巨汉。
The Chukchi children have been prepared for being a soldier since early childhood. One can’t exactly call the method they ud a very humane one. The Chukchi boy was suddenly burnt by a red-hot thing. So the child obviously became aware of every rustle around him and jumped aside every time he was slightly touched. Then his father nt him to the forest and quietly followed him. Having ized the right moment, he shot an arrow at him. If the boy dodged the arrow he proved to be a real soldier. If not – his name was never remembered.
nuclear waste
