课时04 阅读理解-主旨大意题
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
19-May-20Jeremy Kerr， a rearcher at the University of Ottawa in Canada， and his colleagues analyzed more than 400，000 obrvations of bumblebee species collected in North America and Europe from 1975 to 2010. When the rearchers recorded the locations of the bee populations， they found that many of the 67 species analyzed were moving northward from their southern limits while the northern edges of the bees' ranges are staying in place. What it results in is obvious.
Bees have been paid more attention to in recent years， with populations of honeybees and bumblebees obviously declining in some parts of Europe. Previously，attention on the decline of bee populations has focud on caus including habitat loss， pesticide u and the spread of bee parasites (寄生虫). But the work by Kerr's team found something different.
“For every species， there is one or two species declining and others that are not moving at all，” says Kerr. This shift has also been obrved in other species，such as butterflies. But due to a new cau—
the ri of temperatures instead of total pesticide u， a change in land u or parasites， bumblebees—unlike butterflies—have failed to extend the northern boundaries of their ranges into the territory that is now habitable for them， so bumblebee species across Europe and North America are declining rapidly， the latest study led by Kerr's team finds. “Our data suggest that the new factor plays a le ading， or perhaps the leading，role in this trend，” says Kerr.
“This study shows that a fourth factor is also beginning to affect it. It is likely that the combined stress from all of the pressures will have destructive impacts on bumblebees in the nottoodistant future，” says Dave Goulson， a bee rearcher at the University of Susx， Brighton， UK.
Exactly what can be done to help bumblebees is not clear. Kerr's team suggests that relocating colonies might be an answer but Goulson says that becau the incts are mobile they are capable of moving northwards if there is suitable habitat available.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇科普说明文。根据科学家的观察与研究，大黄蜂越来越难以适应全球变暖，它们的数量正在锐减，居住地也收缩了。
1.What does the move of the bees' southern limits lead to？
A.The birth of new bee species.
B.The ri of the bees' population.
C.The evolution of the bees.
D.The reduction of the bees' habitat.judy
解析：考查推理判断。由第一段中的“many of the 67 species analyzed were moving northward from their southern limits while the northern edges of the bees' ranges are staying in place”可知，大黄蜂栖息地的南边的界限向北移动了，而北边的界限保持
不变，这样的结果就是大黄蜂的栖息地变小了。
答案：D
2.What's the new cau of bee populations' declining according to Kerr？
A.Habitat loss.
B.Pesticide u.
C.Climate change.
D.The spread of bee parasites.
解析：考查细节理解。第三段中提到“But due to a new cau —the ri of temperatures instead of total pesticide u，a change in land u or parasites，bumblebees—unlike butterflies—have failed led by Kerr's team finds”，故Kerr的团队发现的导致大黄蜂数量减少的新的原因是气候变化。
答案：C
3.Which statement may Goulson agree with？
A.Relocating bumblebees isn't much good.
B.The findings of Kerr's study are doubtful.
C.The future of bumblebees is still promising.
D.Knowing bumblebees' living habits is the most urgent.
解析：考查推理判断。由最后一段中的“Kerr's team suggests that relocating colonies might be an answer but Goulson says that becau the incts are mobile they are capable of moving northwards if there is suitable habitat available”可知，Kerr的团队暗示，迁移大黄蜂的聚居地可能是一个解决办法，但是Goulson说因为这种昆虫具有流动性，因此如果北方有可用的合适的栖息地，它们就能向北方移动。也就是说Goulson对迁移大黄蜂这个方法是不赞成的。
答案：A
4.What kind of writing is this passage？
A.A book review.
B.An announcement.
C.A scientific report.
D.An official report.
解析：考查推理判断。本文是科普说明文，介绍了大黄蜂数量减少的现象及原因，应该属于科研报告。故选C项。
答案：C
B
(2016·高考四川卷)If you could have one superpower， what would it be？
默认Dreaming about whether you would want to read minds， e through walls， or have superhuman strength may sound silly， but it actually gets to the heart of what_really_matters_in_your_life.
Every day in our work， we are inspired by the people we meet doing extraordinary things to improve the world.
They have a different kind of superpower that all of us posss： the power to make a difference in the lives of others.
We're not saying that everyone needs to contribute their lives to the poor. Your lives are busy enough doing homework， playing sports， making friends， eking after your dreams. But we do think that you can live a more powerful life when you
devote some of your time and energy to something much larger than yourlf. Find an issue you are
interested in and learn more. Volunteer or， if you can， contribute a little money to a cau. Whatever you do， don't be a bystander. Get involved. You may have the opportunity to make your biggest difference when you're older. But why not start now？
Our own experience working together on health， development， and energy the last twenty years has been one of the most rewarding parts of our lives. It has changed who we are and continues to fuel our optimism about how much the lives of the poorest people will improve in the years ahead.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇议论文。作者告诉我们，在我们周围有一些人每天都在激励着我们，这不是因为他们有超能力，而是他们通过做出色的事情，使这个世界变得更美好。因此，我们要做的就是花点时间和精力去帮助别人，这也会对我们的生活产生重大的影响。
kdt5.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 refer to？
A.Your life style.
B.Your life value.
C.Your trouble in life.
D.Your life experience.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段的内容“梦想着你会读心术，能洞穿墙壁，或者有超人的力量，这或许听起来很愚蠢，但事实上，这却是你内心深处认为人生最重要的东西”可知，画线部分的意思是“你人生中真正重要的东西”，即：你的人生价值，故B项正确。
答案：B
6.Why does the author say they are inspired every day？
A.They posss different kinds of superpowers.
initialize是什么意思B.They have got the power to change the world.
C.Some people around them are making the world better.
D.There are many powerful people in their life and work.
解析：细节理解题。由文章第三段信息...we are inspired by the people we meet doing extraordinary things to improve the world.(……我们被我们遇到的、做事出色而美化世界的人激励着)以及第四段They have a different kind of superpower that all of us posss：the power to make a difference in the lives of others.(他们有着我们每个人都拥有的另一种超能力——在别人的生活中产生重大影响的能
力)可知，作者每天都受到激励，不是因为他们有各种超能力，不是因为他们有改变世界的力量，也不是因为在他们的生活和工作中有许多权力强大的人，而是因为他们周围有一些人能对别人的生活产生影响，使这个世界变得更好，故排除A、B、D项。
答案：C
7.What does the author stress in Paragraph 5？
A.Learning more and contributing more to a cau.
B.Rising above lf and acting to help others.
C.Working hard to get a bigger opportunity.
D.Trying your best to help the poor.
解析：细节理解题。由文章第五段的信息But we do think that you can live a more powerful life when you devote some of your time and energy to something much larger than yourlf.以及Whatever you do，don't be a bystander. Get involved.可知，作者在这一段强调：花点时间和精力去做点超越自我的事情。不管做什么，都不要只做个旁观
者，要参与其中。要提升自我，行动起来帮助别人。故B项正确。
答案：B
出版社英文8.What can be inferred from the last paragraph？
后庭A.The author believes the lives of the poorest will get better.
addis ababaB.Much more progress will be made in the near future.
C.The work on health is the most valuable experience.
D.People's efforts have been materially rewarded.
解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的信息It has changed who we are and continues to fuel our optimism about how much the lives of the poorest people will improve in the years ahead.可知，作者认为努力就有回报，最穷的人在以后会改善生活，故A项正确。本段提到过去20年间我们的经历是我们生活中最有意义的一部分，没提到“在不久的将来还会取得更多进步”，排除B项；本段提到了关于health，development和energy 的经历是最有意义的，但并不是说“有关健康的工作是最有价值的经历”，排除C项；本段没有说“人们的努力已得到了物质上的回报”，排除D项。
答案：A
Ⅱ.完形填空
I'd got a chance to work for two weeks at BBC Radio Leeds. I was shocked for __1__ a long time. I couldn't believe it. It was months since I'd __2__ my application letter. I'd __3__ that I was one of the __4__ applicants applying for work experience.
A few days later， I walked around the building for the first time， totally with __5__. It wasn't the beautiful studios but the news team that __6__ me most. Before my BBC placement (实习工作)， I'd worked __7__ at a local commercial radio. Things there were always in a mess. This was absolutely not the __8__ here.
The highlight of my two weeks there is that feeling of __9__ that the whole team unites and devotes their __10__. All that hard work was worth it： you had __11__ listeners， insightful(有见解的) interviewees， and all this added to the __12__ of the show. Sure， there were tough moments but if you __13__ then it'll all work out in the end.
I __14__ plenty of actual work. Rearching topics， booking guests， and meeting guests were all
奥运歌曲things I spent a lot of time doing， but that __15__ is not definitely complete and I also __16__ a lead story for the breakfast show， too.
I'm going back to study the final year of my broadcast journalism degree at the University of Leeds soon， but in my mind there'll be that __17__ of unemployment. Obviously my __18__ career is dependent on what opportunities will be in store for me， but __19__ there's one thing I've learnt， it's this： I want to work somewhere with a team of people as friendly and fantastic as the __20__ at BBC Radio Leeds.
[语篇解读] 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者讲述了自己在BBC实习的经历及感受。
1.A.just B.yet
C.even
解析：根据空前的“shocked”和下文内容可知，作者甚至(even)很长一段时间都处在震惊之中。
答案：C
2.A.submitted B.subscribed
D.polished
解析：根据语境可知，此处表示自作者提交申请信已经数月的时间了。submit“呈交，递交”符合语境。
答案：A
3.A.assumed B.remembered
D.admitted
解析：依据上文的“I couldn't believe it”可知，此处指作者认为自己是未被录用的不幸的申请人之一。assume“假定，认为”符合语境。
答案：A
llent B.fortunate
C.unlucky
D.available
解析：参见上题解析。
答案：C
fidence B.respect
D.hesitation
解析：根据语境可知，此处表示作者第一次环绕着(该公司的)大楼散步时心中充满了敬意。
答案：B
6.A.satisfied B.troubled
C.impresd
解析：根据前文中的“It wasn't the beautiful studios but the news team that”和后文的内容可知，此处表示最让作者印象深刻(impresd)的并不是美丽的演播室而是新闻团队。
与领导沟通的技巧答案：C
7.A.faithfully B.steadily
C.formally
解析：在此之前，作者曾经短暂地(temporarily)在一个当地的商业广播电台工作过。
答案：D
8.A.standard B.method
C.ca
D.rule
解析：依据前面的“Things there were always in a mess”和下文作者对BBC团队的肯定可知，在BBC，情况绝对不是这样的。not the ca是一个固定表达，表示“情况不是这样的”。
答案：C
9.A.pride B.challenge
C.adventure
D.freedom
解析：依据句中的“The highlight of my two weeks”可知，此处是作者对这里的员工的赞誉，故选pride。
答案：A
10.A.efforts B.values
C.personalities
D.lives
解析：根据语境及前文的“unites and devotes their”可知，此处指整个团队团结努力。effort“努力”符合语境。
答案：A
11.A.stable B.enthusiastic
