美容文饰严重并发症及其预防处理
第四军医大学西京医院林茂昌
摘要:美容文饰术(眉眼唇文饰术)貌似简单,实则有一定难度。是一项技性很强的工作,做得好给求美者增添美感,作得不好,则适得其反,甚至丑容、毁容目前由于美容文饰术广泛开展,加之一些不具备文饰技术的人员盲目参加此项工作,造成文饰并发症及丑容、毁容的事例屡有发生。cute是什么意思
本文对临床中常见的文饰严重并发症进行分析,并对其预防和处理予以介绍、讨论作者认为,只要认真规范地开展文饰美容工作,其严重并发症是完全可以预防和量减少发生的。
关键词:文饰;并发症:丑容、毁容;预防处理;
近年来由于美容文饰术广泛开展,加之一些不具备文饰技术的人员盲目的参加于此项美容工作,造成文饰并发症及丑容、毁容的事例屡屡发生,值得引起重视。
一、文饰术常见并发症及其原因
目前临床中常见文饰并发症主要有以下几种:
1. 感染
2. 交叉感染
3. 过敏反应
4. 眼部损伤
5. 脱色、洇色
6. 各种不良、怪异、失败文饰北京天道留学
文饰术后出现并发症和失败的原因多种多样,概括的分析,主要有以下几个方面:
1. 文饰美容师责任心不够,缺乏职业道德。
2. 文饰美容师缺乏医学基本知识.如不了解文饰部位局部解剖、缺乏无菌技术观念、不熟悉文饰规范操作程序等。
3. 文饰美容师缺乏应有的审美观和色彩常识。
4. 文饰操作技术不熟练,粗疏、失误。
5. 文饰器具质量低劣,使用不合色料。
二、文饰术严重并发症预防和处理
限于篇幅以下主要谈谈上述并发症中前五项的预防和处理
(一)局部感染
表现:局部创面红肿、渗液、分泌物多或有脓点,毛囊炎等。
预防:术前、术中严格按无菌操作进行,术毕时应清洁创面、涂抗生素软膏,
术后定期随访,注意创面清洁卫生。
处理:一旦发生感染,创面应每天清洁换药;口服或肌注抗生素,严重者应
静滴给药,直到愈全
(二)交叉感染
由于肝炎、爱滋病等病毒可以通过创面渗液、血液、泪液、唾液等传播,因此若不注意,易造成潜在性、医源性交叉感染。
预防:
(1)严格消毒文饰器具,为了防止乙肝,爱滋病毒交叉感染,应选择具有杀灭病毒的新型消毒液浸泡器具或采用高压消毒等有效方法进行器具消毒。
(2)严格按每人一针、一套、一杯的操作要求,杜绝多人共用一套器具。处理:一旦发生、发现有交叉感染迹象或症状应及时请专科医师处理。
(三)过敏反应
文饰过程中麻药、消毒液、文饰液的应用,均有导致过敏反应的可能。过敏反应可分为延迟性和即刻性反应。即刻反应,当用药后,立即发生极严重的类似中毒的现象,如:突然惊厥、昏迷休克、呼吸心跳骤停而死亡。这种类型在文饰麻醉用药时应特别警惕注意。以往有文献报道。在1%地卡因液点眼致过敏性休克以及应用奴佛卡因、利多卡因行局麻时引起过敏性休克。延迟性反应,术后局部出现过敏性皮炎:表现为文饰区红肿,水泡,糜烂,渗液结痂,脱屑或者局部组织粗糙,增厚等,若处理不当可并发感染,后果严重。此种类型有一定潜伏期,接触后数小时或数天后出现反应,文饰术中以对文饰液发生过敏者多见。
预防:术前详细询问受术者有否过敏史;杜绝使用伪劣、过期药品和文饰液。
处理:(1)严重过敏反应应立即给予脱敏药物,如钙剂、异丙嗪、可的松类激素药物肌注或静滴;
吸氧。若出现过敏性休克应行抗休克治疗,如呼吸心跳停止则按心脏复苏方法原则迅速抢救,并立即请急救医师处理。
(2)一般过敏反应:
1 全身应用抗过敏、抗感染类药物。
2 局部可应用止痒、消炎抗敏、消肿类药物。如果出现轻度红斑、丘疹、少量水泡无渗液时,可用炉甘石洗剂,激素类乳膏或霜剂。若有明显糜烂渗液,可用3%硼酸液或庆地液敷,待渗液明显减少后可换成激素类霜或膏类制剂外用。
(4)眼部损伤
文饰术中导致眼部损伤主要有以下几种:
1. 飞针误伤眼球
因文饰机速度快、纹针尖锐、如安装不牢、造成飞针或操作失误(尤其在纹眼
线时),可导致角膜、眼球刺伤、甚至失明,应特别警惕预防。因此操作前应检查文针是否安放牢固,并应在他处试行开机,稳定后再正式文饰。文饰时应精力集中,文针应始终
避开角膜或眼球。若一旦不幸发生误伤眼球,应立即请眼科医师处理。
2. 过敏性结膜炎
文线过程中有时应用地卡因或抗生素眼液会导致过敏性结膜炎。出现睑球结膜充血、分泌物多、眼痒、畏光溢泪等过敏症状。
处理:
(1)及时应用生理盐水冲洗结膜囊。
(2)局部点用可的松眼液、眼膏。
(3)口服扑尔敏等抗过敏药物。
(4)静推葡萄糖酸钙液。
ioa3. 角膜损伤
主要发生在文线:
一种是机械性角膜损伤,如:文针不小心刺伤或不恰当擦伤造成角膜损伤,应及时处理,预防感染,否则会遗留角膜斑翳、影响视力。
另一中是用表面麻药方法不当或浓度较大,造成角膜上皮剥脱甚至感染。常常在应用地卡因液表麻时发生:
(1)0.5—1%地卡因滴液2—3次,3—5分钟后即可发生表麻作用,维持约20—30分钟,临床应用比较安全。
(2)若滴用次数,过多或应用大于1%浓度地卡因液,可使角膜上皮水肿、剥脱甚至中毒。一般表现为畏光多泪、角膜水肿、混浊、荧光素染色阳性。因此文眼线时应尽量少用1%地卡因液直接点眼,最好用1%地卡因棉片敷于睑部、避免麻药接触角膜。禁用大于1%浓度地卡因液点眼。
一旦发生角膜损伤,应及时用抗生素眼液滴眼,防止感染,晚睡时涂眼膏,以促进角膜上皮恢复。
4. 其它眼部损伤
常见有以下几种:
(1)文饰时,局部注射麻醉药导致暂时性上睑下垂。
(2)文眼线时损伤下泪点,导致溢泪。
mr right是什么意思
(3)文线时感染导致睑缘疤痕,引起睑缘形态改变。
(4)文线时损伤睫毛,导致睫毛乱生。
(五)文饰后疤痕形成
1.文饰术后若局部感染处理不当极易造成局部疤痕形成。
2. 不良文饰用药液、电灼或激光等方法褪色处理不当形成疤痕。
处理:
(1)疤痕面积小、轻、早期可对症处理:
bedford1.局部应用激素类软膏、疤痕贴、疤痕霜等。
2. 局部加压包扎(弹性绷带)。
3. 疤痕内注射药物。
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4. 理疗:
(2)疤痕面积大、厚、经对症治疗无效时,只能采用手术切除方法进行治疗(略)
(六)文饰其它并发症
如:各种不良、怪异、失败文饰、各种形态脱色、洇色等。此类并发症因文献中介绍较多,本文不在赘述。
参考文献:1. 林茂昌等主编,现代眉眼唇美容文饰学,西安.世界图书出版公司,1999
2. 孙玉萍主编,文饰美容技术,北京学苑出版社,1999
3. 林茂昌主编,现代眼部整形美容学,西安.世界图书出版公司.1999
Serious Complications and pretreatment of a polished beauty treatment
Lin Maochang, Xi Jing hospital of the fourth medical officer university
Abstract:A polished beauty treatment (polish eyebrow-eye-lip) ems very simple. But
in fact, it is surely difficult, requiring a lot of technique. A successful one will give
purrs a n of beauty, however, a bad one will lead to the Opposite side, even uglify
and disfigure appearance.
At prent, for the rapid development of the polished beauty treatment, in addition
some unskilled people are blind to join in
the job, the cas involving the complications of it and uglifying and disfiguring
appearance frequently happen.
The text makes an analysis of the common polished complications during clinical
潜流practice, introducing and discussing its prevention and treatment . In the author’s
opinion, as long as the work is careful and standard, complications can be completely
prevented, even reduce its happening as possible.
Key Words: polish; complications; uglifying and disfiguring appearance; pretreatment.
In recent years, for the rapid development of the polished beauty treatment, in addition some unskilled people are blind to join in the job, the cas involving the
complications of it and uglifying and disfiguring appearance frequently happen. It’s
worthwhile
paying too much attention.
I. The common complications of polishing and its caus:
At prent, during the clinical practice, the common complications of polishing mainly about the types as following:
1.Infection.
2.Cross Infection.
中学生国旗下演讲稿3.Allergic reaction.
4.Injury of the eye.
5.Decoloration and diffusion of coloring matter.
kumei6.Varieties of harmful strange unsuccessful polish.
After the beauty treatment, the caus of complications and failure are various, the main aspects as follows:
1.The beauticians don’t have enough responsibility, lacking occupation morality.
2.The beauticians lack of basic medical knowledge, such as not knowing the part of the topography, lacking the
notions of aptic technique, and are not familiar with the standard operation quence of polish.
3.The beauticians lack their own aesthetic view and general knowledge of color.
4.Not familiar with the technique of polishing, causing carelessness and mistake.
5.Bad quality of instrument and ineligible color material.
II. Serious complications of prevention and treatment of the polish
For the limited space, here mainly discussing the first five prevention and treatment following:
(1) Local infection
Manifestation: The local surface of wound is red and swollen, exudated, and has too much cretion
Or may has pustule, folliculitis etc.
Prevention: Before and during the operation, strictly according to aptic manipulation . At
the end of it, clearing the surface of the wound , applying the ointment of antibioticon. After it visiting
the beauticians regularly, keeping the surface of wound clean and hygienic.
Treatment: Once infected , clean the surface of wound and change bandage everyday. Take orally or
Inject antibiotic. The rious ca needs intravenous drip, till complete recovery.
(2) Cross Infection
iest
Becau of the virus of hepatitis and AIDS circulated by oozing, blood, tear and spit of the surf-
Ace of wound. If paying no attention to it, an incubative iatrogenic cross infection easily caud.