挪威语常用短语与词汇

更新时间:2023-07-13 10:33:35 阅读：评论：0

1. Basic Phras

God morgen Good Morning	Hallo / God dag 实习医生格蕾第9季Hello / Good Day	God kveld Good Evening
God natt Good Night	Ha det bra Goodbye	Hei / Ha det Hi / Bye
Værsåsnill Plea	(Tun) Takk Thank you (very much)	Ingenårsak / Værså god Don't mention it / You're welcome
Ja / Nei Yes / No	Herr / Fru / Frøken Mister / Miss	Velkommen! Welcome!
Hvordanhar du det? How are you?	Hvordangårdet? How it's going?	Bra / Dårlig Good / Bad
Hvaheter du? 速算口诀What's your name?	My (I )	Hyggelig å treffedeg! Plead to meet you!
Hvorkommer du fra? Where are you from?	I'	Unnskyld Excu me / Sorry
Hvorbor du? Where do you live?	I	/ I
Hvorgammelerdu? How old are you?	Jeger____ år (gammel). I am ____ years (old).	Jeg vet [ikke.] I [don't] know.
Snakker du norsk? Do you speak Norwegian?	Jegsnakkerengelsk. I speak English.	Snakklangsomt Speak slowly
svensk, dansk, fransk, italiensk, spansk, tysk, holländsk, rysk, japansk Swedish, Danish, French, Italian, Spanish, German, Dutch, Russian, Japane		Hvaheter ... pånorsk? How do you say ... in Norwegian?
Forstår du? Do you understand?	Jegforstår [ikke.] I [don't] understand.	Værsåsnill å gjenta / Vennligstgjenta Plea repeat
Hvaerdette? What is this?	Hvorer ... ? Where is ... ?	Hvormyekosterdette? How much does this cost?
Jegersulten I'm hungry	Jegertørst I'm thirsty	Jegertrett I'm tired
Jegersyk I'm sick	Jegtror [ikke] det I [don't] think so	Kom inn / hit Come in / here
Ta plass Have a at.	Stans! / Stopp! Stop!	Straks! Immediately! / Soon!
Jeghargått meg bort I'm lost	swift是什么意思Hjelp! Help!	Fare! Danger!
Pass på! Watch out!	Vent litt! Wait a minute!	Hvorlangterdet? How far is it?
Detvar synd. That's too bad!	Velbekomme! Have a good meal!	Skål! Cheers! (toast)
Lykketil! Good luck!	Jegelsker deg. I love you.	Jegsavner deg. I miss you.

2. Pronunciation

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Norwegian letter(s)	English sound
d	silent at end of word; and in -ld, -nd, -rd
ig	ee
eg	起立用英语怎么说ay
h	silent before consonants, such as in hv-
j, gj, hj	yuh, as in yes
kj, tj	sh, but softer and more palatalized (as in German)
sj, skj	sh
sl	shl
ki, ky, kei, køy	sh, but softer and more palatalized (as in German)
ski, sky, skei, skøy	sh
gi, gy, gei, gøy	yuh
g + other vowels	guh
sk + other vowels	sk
-egn, -egl, -øgn	g is silent
ng	nasalized, as in singer and not finger
æ	ah as in cat
ø	ay, but with lips rounded
å	aw as in saw 手续费英文

3. Alphabet

e life北京新航道

a	ahh	k	kaw	u	ooh
b	bay	l	el	v	vay
c	say	m	em	w	dobbel-veh
d	day	n	en	x	eks
e	ay	o	ooh	y	ew (lips rounded)
f	ef	p	pay	z	t
g	gay	q	koo	æ	ah (as in cat)
h	haw	r	air	ø	ay (lips rounded)
i	ee	s	ess	å	aw
j	yod	t	tay
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4. Nouns & Cas

Nouns in Norwegian (Bokmål) have two genders, masculine and neuter, which adjectives must agree with when modifying nouns. Technically there is a third gender, feminine (which Nynorsk retains), but since feminine nouns can be written as masculine nouns, I'm including feminine nouns in the masculine category. There are two indefinite articles that correspond with the genders: en for masculine nouns and etfor neuter nouns. In the vocabulary lists, a noun followed by (n) means that it is a neuter noun and it takes the indefinite article et. The majority of nouns in Norwegian are masculine, so they take the indefinite article en.

The only ca of nouns that is ud in Norwegian is the genitive (showing posssion), and it is easily formed by adding an -s to the noun. This is comparable to adding -'s in English to show posssion. However, if the noun already ends in -s, then you add nothing (unlike English where we add -' or -'s). Olavshus = Olav's hou

5. Articles & Demonstratives

There are two indefinite articles (corresponding to a and an): en and et. En is ud with

most of the nouns (words denoting people almost always u en), but you will just have to learn which article goes with which noun. The definite article (the) is not a parate word like in most other languages. It is simply a form of the indefinite article attached to the end of the noun. Note that en words ending in a vowel retain that vowel and add an -n instead of adding -en. And et words ending in -e just add -t. Furthermore, the t of et as an indefinite article is pronounced; however, the t is silent in the definite article -et attached to the noun. (For feminine nouns, the indefinite article is ei and the definite article that is attached to the noun is -a. In theory, this gender does still exist in Bokmål, but in practice, it is rarely ud and the feminine nouns are inflected like masculine nouns, i.e. add -en instead of -a for the definite form.)

Articles

En words (masculine)				Et words (neuter)
Indefinite		Definite		Indefinite		Definite
en fisk	a fish	fisken	the fish	et vindu	a window	vinduet	the window
en baker	a baker	bakeren	the baker	et barn	a child	barnet	the child
en hage	a garden	hagen	the garden	et hus	a hou	hut	the hou

Demonstrative Adjectives

cho

masculine	dennedresn	this suit	den dresn	that suit
neuter	detteskjerfet	this scarf	detskjerfet	that scarf
plural	disskoene	the shoes	de skoene	tho shoes

Notice that the noun that follows a demonstrative adjective must have the definite article attached to it.
(The feminine form of demonstratives is identical to the masculine; denne and den.)

6. Subject & Object Pronouns

Subject & Object Pronouns
jeg	I	meg	me
du	you (singular)	deg	you
han	he	ham	him
hun	she	henne	her
den	it (masc.)	den	it
det	it (neut.)	det	it
man	one	man	one
vi	we	oss	us
dere	you (plural)	dere	you
de	they	dem	them

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