thereis
考试，作为检验教育结果的⼀种⼿段，已经存在了数千年。它简直⽆处不在，⽆时不有…
Examinations Exert a Negative
Influence on Education We might marvel at the progress made in every field of study, but the methods of testing a person’s knowledge and ability remain as primitive as ever they were. It is really extraordinary that after all the years, educationists have still failed to devi anything more efficient and reliable than examinations. For all the pious claim that examinations test what you know, it is common knowledge that they more often do the exact opposite. They may be a good means of testing memory, or the knack of working rapidly under extreme pressure, but they can tell you nothing about a person’s true ability and aptitude.
make it happen
As anxiety makers, examinations are cond to none①. That is becau so much depends on them. They are the mark of success or failure in our society. Your whole future may be decided in one fateful day. The moment a child begins school, he enters a world of sharp competition where success and failure are clearly defined and measured. Can we wonder at the increasing number of drop-outs: young people who are written off as utter failures before they have even begun a career②? Can we be surprid at the suicide rate among students?
gatineau
A good education should, among other things, train you to think for yourlf. The examination system does anything but that. What has to be learnt is rigidly laid down by a syllabus, so the student is encouraged to memories. Examinations do not motivate a student to read widely, but to restrict his reading; they do not enable him to ek more and more knowledge, but induce cramming. The most successful candidates are not always the best educated; they are the best trained in the technique of working under pressure.
［299 words］
7994 ⾏⽂点评
本⽂是⼀篇典型的三段论⽂章。在第⼀段中，作者表明了⾃⼰的观点：考试不能说明⼀个⼈真正的能⼒和资质。第⼆段阐述了把考试作为检验成功与否的标准给学⽣带来的负⾯影响。第三段从教育的⽬的上说明考试根本不能训练⼈独⽴思维的能⼒。
⽂章每⼀段都有⼀定的特⾊。开头段⽤的是现象描述法，先概括⽂章内容涉及的现状，然后引出主题。中间段的末尾处接连⽤两个问句，引起读者关于考试弊端的思考。结尾段则⽤⼀组排⽐句：“... ;...，”来增强⽓势，突出强调考试的负⾯影响，深化了⽂章的主题。
好⽂妙译
考试对教育的负⾯影响
每⼀个学科领域所取得的进步都可能让我们称奇，然⽽⽤于测试⼀个⼈的学识和能⼒的⽅式却仍和从前⼀样原始。经过这么多年，教育者们仍没能创⽴出⼀种⽐考试更有效、更可靠的⽅法，这实在是不可思议。尽管有很多⼈虔诚地宣称考试可以测出你掌握的知识，却仍有这样⼀个共识，即考试所收到的效果往往与之相悖。考试或许是⼀种测验记忆⼒的好⽅法，或者是让⼈在极端压⼒下快速⼯作的诀窍，但是它却⼀点⼉也不能说明⼀个⼈真正的能⼒和才智。
考试作为“焦虑症制造者”是⽆⼈能及的。这是因为有那么多事情都依赖着考试。考试在我们的社会中是成功或失败的标志。在具有决定意义的某⼀天，你的⼀⽣可能就被决定了。⼀个孩⼦步⼊学校⼤门那⼀刻起，他便步⼊了⼀个竞争残酷的世界。在那⾥，成功和失败都被清晰地加以界定和衡量。辍学者的数量⽇渐增加——那些年轻⼈甚⾄还没有开始⼯作便被认为是彻底的失败者——对此，我们难道不感到惊奇吗?对学⽣的⾃杀率难道我们能⽆动于衷吗？
除了其他⽬的之外，良好的教育应该能训练⼈独⽴思维的能⼒。考试却根本做不到这⼀点。教学⼤纲⽣硬地规定了学⽣必须学些什么，这便⿎励了学⽣去死记硬背。考试不但未能激发学⽣去⼴泛地阅读，反⽽限制了他们的阅读范围。它不但未能促使学⽣去探求更多的知识，反⽽导致了死记硬背。最成功的应试者往往不是受教育的⼈，他们只不过是在应付⼯作压⼒的技巧⽅⾯训练有素罢了。
bypass
词汇斟酌
marvel vi.(at)惊叹，赞佩
pious a.虔诚的
aptitude n.(学习⽅⾯的)才能，资质，天资
drop-outn. 辍学者
appeals
suicide n.①⾃杀②⾃取灭亡
lay down 规定，制定
syllabus n.课程⼤纲
汽车机油常识 induce vt.引起，导致
cramming n.突击式学习；填鸭式教学
consulted 佳句临摹
①【注释】cond to none 不亚于任何⼈或事物
【临摹】As a dancer, he is cond to none.他的舞艺⽆⼈能出其右。超强记忆力训练
②【注释】write sb/sth off 认为某⼈或某事物已经失败
【临摹】He lost this match, but don’t write him off as a future champion.他输了这场⽐赛，但不要以为他以后当不了冠军。
nfr
思如泉涌
There are obviously two educations. One should teach us how to make a living and the other how to live. 教育显然有两种：⼀种是教⼈怎样谋⽣，另⼀种是教⼈怎样⽣活。
A fool can ask more questions than ven wi men can answer. ⼀愚发问，七智结⾆。
