如何提高高三学生的书面表达能力
parda书面表达在高考英语中起着举足轻重的作用,因此,训练学生的书面表达是高中英语教学的重要内容之一。如何提高高三学生的书面表达能力是高三英语教学的一大课题。高考英语书面表达的三个基本要求是切题、达意和连贯,而语言表述不当和写作技巧缺失是阻碍考生得分的主要原因,主要表现在审题不清,内容不全、语法混乱、词法误用、拼写错误、母语思维、书写潦草、卷面不整洁等多方面。针对学生存在的诸多问题,我们从以下方面着手训练备考:
1 强化基础知识
扎实的基本功是写好书面表达的前提和基础。在第一轮复习中,狠抓词汇、短语和常用句型,要求学生熟记单词,掌握单词的语意和用法,短语使用得体,句型使用符合英语习惯。通过英汉互译,句中练,练中改,从易到难,循序渐进,让学生拥有一定的语言基础。
1.1 强调容易拼写错误的单词。例如:I belive we will make a difference some day.(belivelycra应为believe)I am writting to tell you that…(writting应为writing)
1.2 辨析相似词汇。如:为了让学生分辨单词live和stay之间的区别,要求学生结合语境选出正确的答案:He was born in a small village in 1980.Since then,he has______there.(lived)He is going to America to spend his holiday this summer.He plans to___there for a month.(stay)
1.3 辨清词性,避免词法误用。During you are here,you can stay with us.(during是介词,这里需要连词while)With time goes by we come to love him.(with是介词,这里需要连词wicked comas)Most people against the plan.(against是介词,不是动词,需要在其前加are)I sure that we’ll succeed one day.(谢孟媛初级文法sure是形容词,不是动词,需要在其前加am)
2 从词到句,从句到篇坚强的英文
治疗青春痘方法许多学生一提起写书面表达,叫苦连连,恐惧之情呈现在脸上。为了帮助学生克服这种畏难情绪,笔者给出部分单词或短语连词成句,连句成篇,把书面表达化难为易,促使学生直接用英语思维,避免汉式英语,有利于减少学生书面表达中的错误,增强学生学习英语的信心。
如:给出相应的动词,“搭桥”成篇。运用该方法时,教师应引导学生依据表达的内容,选择相应的动词,然后补全这些动词的主语和宾语等,最后连句成篇。例如,笔者让学生做2008年北京高考试题中的书面表达时采用了以下做法:
第一步,动作呈现:(让学生根据画面说出表达主要动作的短语)have a class meeting;come up with;decide to go;t off early;butenjoy a beautiful view;reach the top;find litter;pick up the litter;put into.
weeds第二步,补全句子:We had a class meeting to discuss where to go for our spring outing.We came up with veral choices.We decided to go mountain climbing.We t off early in the morning.We enjoyed the warm sunshine and a beautiful view.When we reached the top,we were shocked to e litter here and there.We started to pick up the litter.
第三步,连句并稍加修饰成篇:Last Thursday,we had a class meeting to discuss where to go for our spring outing.We came up with veral choices such as going boating,climbing a mountain and going to an amument park.Finally,we decided to go mountai
n climbing.The next day,we t off early in the morning.While climbing the mountain,we enjoyed the warm sunshine and a beautiful view.However,when we reached the top,we were shocked to e litter here and there,such as bottles and banana peels.Then we started to pick up the litter.Afterwards,we put the rubbish into the nearby recycling bin and non-recycling bin.We were tired but happy.
3 建立资料库
翻译英语句子学生表达能力的强弱与学生词汇量的大小有必然的因果关系,因此,我们要准备一个笔记本,随时放在手边,不时把教师课堂上讲到的、自己阅读时碰到的、从好的习作中学到的好词好句记录下来,熟读熟记,并能灵活运用。同时也可以分类型把一些好的范例收录下来,学习模仿。考前有效地回顾所记录的资料能让语言丰富并鲜活起来,这样表达起来游刃有余,不会有“巧妇难为无米之炊”之忧。
4 规范训练
在高考模拟训练中我们必须做到:①仔细审题,审文体,审人称,审时态;②你令爱了不起要点齐全教
师要指导学生先列出要写内容的具体要点,并且要按写作的顺序和层次把各要点整理好,既要避免丢三落四,要点不全,又要防止画蛇添足,节外生枝的现象,还要注意详略得当;③文理通顺,减少语法和语义错误,避免出现低级错误;④表达多样,可使用一些高级词汇,一至两个从句、并列句和分词短语;⑤注意使用过渡词,使文章连贯顺畅;⑥书写规范美观。如果书写潦草,大小写不规范,标点符号使用不当,再好的表达也上不了档次;规范美观的书写会增强文章的语言交际性和对读者的吸引性,增加获高分的机会。
总之,写好书面表达不是一朝一夕的事。我们在平时的学习中要夯实基础,重视培养写作的基本功,循序渐进,持之以恒,那么,写作水平将会有一个很大的提高。