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baby dollRhinoceros Horn Carving
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来源：《中国经贸聚焦·英文版》2009年第12unc学习与评价答案期u s army
lf Rhinoceros horn carving is a gem of Chine art. Its great value is not only the scarcity of the material, but also the participation of Ming Dynasty scholars (1368 – 1644) in the production, resulting in the blending of techniques and styles with bamboo, wood, metal and jade carvings, which gave ri to a host of innovative themes and designs. Nowadays, the protection of rhinoceros has succeeded in lesning the supply of the material. Also, according to a tentative statistics, there are now less than four thousand examples of rhinoceros horn carvings remaining, making the works of art highly valued among collectors.
In China, rhinoceros horns have been rare treasures since ancient times. They are ud as medicine or carved into objects of high artistic value. Despite numerous textual references, no rhinoceros horn carvings have yet been unearthed from archaeological exca
vations. Most of the extant examples date from the Ming and Qing dynasties (1644 – 1911).
reminder>石家庄一模
dim是什么意思 From early to mid-Ming, rhinoceros horn vesls were produced by the imperial workshop and rerved exclusively for the court. Works of this period are either plain or decorated with simple motifs, typified by minimal workmanship. During the Yongle period (1403 – 1424), the maritime expeditions of Eunuch Admiral Zheng He promoted maritime trade, which in turn brought about rapid development of the decorative arts. More horns were imported and private workshops were then allowed to participate in the industry.
Henceforth, choices of themes and decorative motifs were enriched and diversified under the influence of different techniques and media styles, including bamboo and ivory carvings. With more scholars participating, scholarly themes appeared. Popular genres included landscapes, birds and flowers, pastoral gatherings, auspicious subjects and anecdotes from literature.
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