中考数学模拟试题Part I
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1. Match the following English terms with their Chineme too 是什么意思 translation.(小学英语教材10%)
1. marginal benefit a 公共物品博弈
2. incentive b 净损失
3. deadweight loss c 边际效益
4. monetary policy d 货币政策
宫东风5. public-goods game e 扩散，传播
6. Nash equilibrium f 性别隔离
7. structural unemployment g 激励
8. x gregation h 纳什均衡
9. McDonaldization i 结构性失业
10. diffusion j 麦当劳化
2. Translation
Section A Put the following into Chine.(10%)
Economists make assumptions for the same reason: Assumptions can simplify the complex world and make it easier to understand. To study the effects of international trade, for example, we may assume that the world consists of only two countries and that each country produces only two goods. Of cour, the real world consists of dozens of countries, each of which produces thousands of different types of goods. But by assuming two countries and two goods, we can focus our thinking. Once we understand international trade in an imaginary world with two countries and two goods, we are in a better position to understand international trade in the more complex world in which we live.
Section B Put the following into English.(10%)
失去一份工作可能是在oliver twist一个人的生活中最痛苦的经济事件。大多数人们依靠自己的劳动收入来维持他们的生活标准,许多人会从他们的工作得到的不仅是收入，还有自己的成就感。失业意味着一个人要定一个更低的生活标准,而且会对未来感到焦虑,并导致最终丧失自尊心。这并不奇怪,因此,政治家竞选经常谈论的是他们所提出的政策将帮助创造更多的就业机会。
3. Read the following text and paraphra the underlined ntences (15%)
In civilized society he stands at all times in need of the cooperation and assistance of great multitudes, while his whole life is scarce sufficient to gain the friendship of a few persons. In almost every other race of animals each individual, when it is grown up to maturity, is entirely independent, and in its natural state has occasion for the assistance of no other living creature. (1) But man has almost constant occasion for the help of his brethren, and it is in vain for him to expect it from their benevolence only. He will be more likely to prevail if he can interest their lf-love in his favor, and show them that it is for their own advantage to do for him what he requires of them. Whoever offers to another a
bargain of any kind, propos to do this. (2) Give me that which I want, and you shall have this which you want, is the meaning of every such offer; and it is in this manner that we obtain from one another the far greater part of tho good offices which we stand in need of. It is not from the benevolence of the butcher, the brewer, or the baker that we expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own interest. （3）We address ourlves, not to their humanity but to their lf-love, and never talk to them of our own necessities but of their advantages. Nobody but a beggar choos to depend chiefly upon the benevolence of his fellow-citizens. Even a beggar does not depend upon it entirely. (4)The charity of well-dispod people, indeed, supplies him with the whole fund of his subsistence. But though this principle ultimately provides him with all the necessaries of life which he has occasion for, it neither does nor can provide him with them as he has occasion for them. (5) The greater part of his occasional wants is supplied in the same manner as tho of other people, by treaty, by barter, and by purcha. With the money which one man gives him he purchas food. The old clothes which another bestows upon him he exchanges for other old clothes which suit him better, or for lodging, or for fo
od, or for money, with which he can buy either food, clothes, or lodging, as he has occasion.
Part II Academic writing
1. What are the four principles in choosing a topic? Why the topic “Global Warming” is not appropriate for a 1500-word essay? Try to narrow it down and suggest a more manageable topic and justify your suggestion. (15%)
苏州大学研究生分数线2. What are the main elements of an introduction? Analyze the main functions of the following introduction? (10%)
Ultrasound examination in the cond trimester of pregnancy, including scrutiny of the fetal anatomy with the aim of detecting fetal malformations, is offered routinely to many pregnant women in Western countries. It is important to provide pregnant women with correct information on the diagnostic performance of routine ultrasound examination, so that they know what they can expect from the examination before they connt to it. The
diagnostic performance of routine ultrasound examinations performed in the 1980s and 1990s has been described in veral publications. Becau of improved ultrasound technology offering better resolution, and improvement in knowledge and experience of ultrasound examiners, detection rates of fetal malformations may have incread since the 1990s. To the best of our knowledge, there is only one report on the diagnostic performance of routine ultrasound examinations performed after the year 2002.
The aims of this study were to determine the detection rate of fetus with congenital structural abnormalities and chromosomal abnormalities, and the rate of fal-positive ultrasound diagnos, at routine ultrasound examinations carried out by specially trained midwives in an unlected pregnant population from 2000 to 2005, and to describe the conquences of true positive and fal-positive ultrasound diagnos of fetal malformations.
(Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2009; 34: 526–533)
3. Analyze the functions of the following abstract. (10%)
Marijuana is a drug of controversy in medical history. Whether its ultimate effects are harmful, harmless or beneficial to human functioning remains to be investigated. This paper focus on the study of the physical effects of Marijuana us. Bad on previous rearch, the study divided the physical effects of marijuana u into the short-term effects and long-term ones, according to its frequency, duration and intensity of physical symptoms. The studies indicated that an increa of pul rate and changes in blood sugar pressures are two remarkable signs of short-term effects together with the symptoms of naua, vomiting, headache and so on. It was also found that the chronic u of marijuana may weaken one’s immune system and interfere with DNA production in terms of long-term effects.
4.actionscript Read the following lf-contained literature review and answer the questions below. (15%)
1）Which ntences supply the background information about the literature review? 低调的英文
2）What is the objective of the literature review?
3）How many articles does the writer refer to in the literature review?
4）What findings does each article give respectively?
5）Which ntences does the writer u to connect the findings?
Stigmatization, a kind of social rejection, is a big challenge to the mentally ill. They are rejected by people becau of the label they carry or that their behaviors indicate that they belong to a certain labeled group. However, many studies have proved that stigmatization of the mentally ill is caud by the public's belief in myths about the dangerousness of the mentally ill and exposing tho myths can reduce stigmatization. Pescosolido & Tuch (2000) examined the effects of descriptions of the targets' behavior, causal attributions about the source of the behavior, the target's perceived dangerousness, labeling and participants' socio-demographic characteristics. Their studies found that 20% of the participants labeled a target described with depresd sym
idealism
ptoms as having a mental illness; 37% would be unwilling to interact with the depresd person; and 33% felt that the depresd person do violence to others. Thus, a common respond to the mentally ill are rejection and fear of violence. What aremajor caus for the rejection and fear, and can they be reduced? Cprrigan, Rpwan, Green, Lundin, River, Uphoff-Wasowski, White and Kubiak (2002) conducted two studies analyzing the causal process in contact, fear and rejection. They designed two models to account for stigmatizing reactions and administered a questionnaire to 216 community colleges. This questionnaire contained items which would allow the examination of their attitudes to a mental patient when the variables of two models were involved and manipulated: personal responsibility and perceived dangerousness. Their studies demonstrated that contact with the mentally ill caud less rejection and fear. This finding is verified by Alexander and Link (2003). They conducted a telephone survey and found that, as a participant's own life contact with mentally ill individuals incread, participants were both less likely to perceive a target mentally ill individual as physically dangerous and less likely to desire social distance from the target. This relationship remained after controlling
for demographic and confound variables, such as gender, ethnicity, education, income and political conrvatism. They also found that any type of contact--with a friend, a spou, a family member, a work contact, or a contact in a public place--with mentally ill individuals reduced perceptions of dangerousness of the target.
