Section_ⅢGrammar—_倒装
tapered
语法图解
探究发现
①Here comes my list of dos and don'morning是什么意思ts ...
②Never will Zhou Yang (ZY) forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper.
③They have a good knowledge of English but little do they know about German.雾霾 英文
④黄英文Only then did I realize I was wrong.
⑤Only by shouting was he able to make himlf heard.
⑥Only when you have en what he or she does can you cover a story by yourlf.
⑦Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know.
⑧So fast did he run that I couldn't follow him.
[我的发现]
(1)倒装句有两种情况：一种为完全倒装；一种为部分倒装。例句①为完全倒装；其余为部分倒装。
(2)否定副词(如never, neither, nor, little, hardly等)位于句首时，句子常用部分倒装。例句②③就属于这类情况。
(3)only后接状语(可为单个副词、介词短语adopt，也可以为从句)位于句首时，句子常用部分倒装。如例句④⑤⑥⑦。
(4)例句⑧为so ...that ...结构。若“so＋形容词/副词”位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。
一、倒装的定义
在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后。但有时为了强调句子的某一部分或其他原因，谓语需要全部或部分移到主语的前面，这种语序叫倒装。而倒装语序又分为完全倒装和部分倒装。
二、倒装的种类
完全倒装 | 整个谓语都在主语之前 | Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。 |
部分倒装 | 谓语的一部分学韩语(通常是助动词、连系动词be或情态动词)位于主语前 | Under no circumstances will books dert you. 书籍决不会背弃你。 |
| | |
三、完全倒装
1．将here, there, now, then等地点或时间副词置于句首，谓语动词是be, come, go, remain, lie, run等，且主语为名词时，用完全倒装。
—Is everyone here?
—Not yet ... Look, there come the rest of our guests!
—
—每个人都在这儿吗？
——还没有。看，其余的客人来了。
2．表示运动方向的副词out, in, up, down, away等置于句首，谓语是表示运动的动词，且主语为名词时，句子要用完全倒装。
In the dark corner of the room, up jumped the cat and caught the mou.
在房间黑暗的角落里，那只猫跳了上去并抓住了那只老鼠。
3．such作表语且置于句首，意为“……就是如此”时，要用完全倒装。
Such is our lively city, which you are welcome to visit whenever at your convenience.
这就是我们这座充满活力的城市，只要您方便，随时欢迎来参观。
4．表示地点的介词短语位于句首或强调地点概念或为保持句子平衡，且句子的谓语是表示存在意义的动词(lie, stand, exist, live, sit等)时，要用完全倒装。
In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor.
在英格兰的一所大学的报告厅里坐着一位教授。
5．作表语的形容词、分词或介词短语位于句首时，要用“表语＋连系动词(be)bulwark＋主语”结构。
Prent at the meeting were some scientists from China.
许多来自中国的科学家出席了会议。
[名师点津] (1)在完全倒装句式中，谓语动词的数要与后面主语的数一致。(2)完全倒装的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不用倒装。
[助记]路漫漫其修远兮吾将上下而求索意思翻译 巧记完全倒装
副介开头全倒装，遇到代词则照常。
方位方式别遗忘，上下进出往前放。
there, here用得上，时间顺序句首放。
表语句首主语长，句子平衡需倒装。
go away[即时演练1] 用倒装结构补全句子
①Sitting_in_front_of_the_hou_was a little girl.
一个小女孩坐在房子的前面。
②Out_rushed the boys when the bell rang.
铃一响，男孩子们就冲出去了。
③Such_is_Helen,_an easygoing girl.
这就是海伦，一个很随和的女孩。
④To my great surpri, there at the door stood_a_girl trembling in wet clothes.
让我很吃惊的是，门口站着一个正在颤抖的女孩，衣服湿透了。
四、部分倒装
1．“so/nor/neither＋助动词/be动词/情态动词＋主语”结构为部分倒装。
He can swim and so can I.
他会游泳，我也会。
The headmaster will not permit the change in the cour, nor/neither will he even give it a thought.
校长既不会允许课程上的变革，也不会对其予以考虑。
2．将never, hardly, ldom, scarcely, barely, little, not, nowhere, by no means, in no way, at no time, in no ca等表示否定或半否定意义的词或词组置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。
—It's nice. Never before have I had such a special drink!
—I'm glad you like it.
——太好了。我以前从没喝过如此特别的饮料！
——我很高兴你喜欢它。
Seldom has there been such a happy meeting.
过去很少有过这样愉快的会议。
Not once did it occur to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.
迈克尔从来没有想到过有一天自己会成为他班上的尖子生。
3．not only ... but (also) ...引导两个并列分句，not only置于句首时，not only所在的分句需用倒装，but (also)所在的分句不用倒装；而neither ... nor ...引导两个并列分句时，两个分句都需要倒装。
I suggested not only should he go to the meeting but also give a speech there.
我建议他不但要参加这次会议，而且还要在那做报告。
4．含有no sooner ... than, hardly ... when, scarcely ... when的主从复合句中，no sooner, hardly, scarcely位于句首时，所在的主句倒装，than, when所在的从句不倒装。
Hardly had Mike picked up the ball when another player took it from him.
麦克刚接过球，另一名球员就从他那儿把它抢走了。
No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.
我刚到家天就开始下雨了。
5．“only＋副词wsn是什么意思/介词短语/状语”位于句首时，句子用部分倒装。“only＋状语从句”位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。
Only then did I realize that I had failed.
只是到了那时，我才意识到我失败了。
Only after talking to two students did I discover that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.
直到跟两个学生谈了话以后我才发现，有强烈的动机是达到目标的最重要的因素之一。
Only when Lily walked into the office did she realize that she had left the contract at home.
直到莉莉走进办公室时，她才意识到她把合同落在家里了。
6．当as/though表示“尽管”引导让步状语从句时，要把强调的表语、谓语动词、状语放在主语之前。
