Unit 21 Human Biology 课下能力提升（十一）
Ⅰ.根据首字母或汉语意思写出单词
1．Your job here is only temporary,_for you will be removed from it when we have a proper post for you.
2．Due to bad management, company profits have been declining over the last three years.
3．The boy hasn't been en for two days and there is growing concern for his safety.
4．All important problems must be submitted (提交) to the committee for discussion.
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5．What he said is absurd (荒唐的); it goes against the general knowledge of science.
6．If an terminal (延期) isn't agreed on, this contract will no longer be in force from next month.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．cegedimAt any rate, the medicine and food will reach the farmers before the snowstorm.
2．On the one hand, they'd love to have kids, but on the other hand, they don't want to give up their freedom.
3．Tony is said to_have_gone (go) abroad for further study.
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4．It was the first time I had_heard (hear) her sing, wasn't it?
transcript5．This will be the cond time that I have_gone (go) back to my hometown.
6．Don't worry. We can take you home in all cas.走遍美国视频
7．Train rvices returned to normal again after the strike.
8．I fell into comas when the stone hit me on the head.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
Sport is not only physically challenging, but it can also be mentally challenging. Criticism from coaches, parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create too much anxiety or stress for young athletes. Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological and rearch has indicated that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.
The early years of development are critical years for learning about onelf. The sport tting is one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be ud throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents' and coaches' criticisms to heart and find fault with themlves.
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Coaches and parents should also be cautious that youth sport participation does not become work for children. The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In today's youth sport tting young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themlves and the sport. Following a game many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault with youngsters' performances. Positive support should be provided regardless of the outcome. Rearch indicates that positive support motivates (激发) and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout.
语篇解读：教练和家长对于年轻运动员表现的评价是很重要的，应当给出正面鼓励，而非一味指责。
连词
1．An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes is to ________.子集
A．make sports less competitive
B．increa their n of success
C．reduce their mental stress
D．make sports more challenging
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological and rearch has indicated that it can lead to burnout.”可知，stress(紧张，压力)会导致burnout(筋疲力尽，撒手不干)，所以阻止这种现象发生的有效方法就是减少他们的思想压力。
2．Many coaches and parents are in the habit of criticizing young athletes ________.
A．believing that criticism is beneficial for their early development
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B．without realizing criticism may destroy their lfconfidence
C．in order to make them remember life's lessons
D．so as to put more pressure on them
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据文章可知，教练和家长的注意力主要在结果上，希望运动员能赢得比赛，批评多是因为对其表现不满，希望其能做得好些。他们的主观愿望是好的，但是显然没有意识到批评可能使年轻的运动员对其从事的运动热情尽失，再也提不起兴趣。
3．According to the passage, parents and coaches should ________.
A．pay more attention to letting children enjoy sports
B．help children to win every game
C．train children to cope with stress
D．enable children to understand the positive aspect of sports
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第三段可知，作者首先指出教练和家长不应让运动成为孩子的工作， 那样就会成为孩子的一种负担。同时提到比赛的结果不如学习运动的过程重要，不管结果如何，教练和家长都要给孩子正面的鼓励而不是批评。由此可知，作者认为教练和家长应当将更多的精力放在让孩子享受运动的过程上。
4．The author's purpo of writing the passage is to ________.
A．teach young athletes how to avoid burnoutvov
B．persuade young children not to worry about criticism
C．stress the importance of positive support to children
D．discuss the skill of combining criticism with encouragement
解析：选C 写作目的题。本文主要论述的是教练和家长对运动员的影响，指出批评可能会使孩子丧失兴趣，应当多给运动员积极的评价，由此不难看出，本文的目的是强调正面鼓励的重要性。
B
About 15 years ago, when my children were still in elementary school, I was very active in the Parent Teacher Association. At one of the monthly meetings the topic of discussion was the new curriculum (课程) that the state of Michigan was prenting. Many concerns
were voiced at that meeting, and one of them was my own. My concern was that the children were being taught things that were once taught at a much later age.
