作用与意义
1. 重译法 ： 为了明确、为了强调、为了生动
2. 增译法 ： 为了更忠实于原文的意思，而又更合乎译文的表达习惯
3. 减译法 ： 源语言与目标语言互换的时候增译法就成了减译法
4. 词类转移法 ：语言之间表达习惯的差异迫使译文中词类发生改变，词序有时也随之变化
5. 词序调整法 ：语言之间构成形式并非完全相同，做必不可少的词序改变
6. 分译法 ： 主要用于长句的翻译，有时存在于词语语义的分译
7. 正反翻译法 ：由于语言的习惯差异---正话反说，反话正说
8. 语态变换法 ：主要指英汉两种语言间的主动与被动语态的转换
重译法（repetition） ：
毒龙是什么意思
In the event of one of the contracting parties being attacked by Japan or any other state allied with it and thus being involved in a state of war, the other contracting party will immediate render military and other assistance with all means at its disposal.
一旦缔约国的一方受到boatman日本或者与日本同盟的任何国家之侵袭，因而处于战争状态时，缔约国的另一方即尽全力给与军事及其他援助。
We have to analyze and solve problems.
我们要分析问题，解决问题。
A large family has its difficulties.
大（家庭）有大（家庭）的难处。
Our old clothes and few sticks of furniture have been pawned or sold.
这几件旧衣服和这些旧家具，fgn当的当了，卖的卖了。
Lightly floats and drifts the boat, and gently flows and flaps my gown.
舟遥遥以轻扬，风飘飘而吹衣。
Ridges of fields grow few and far between,
While far away some cottages are en.
梯田渐渐稀，村舍遥遥对。
寻寻觅觅，冷冷清清，凄凄惨惨戚戚。乍暖还寒时候，最将难息。
Seek, ek; arch, arch;
Cold, cold; bare, bare;
Grief, grief; cruel, cruel grief.
Now warm, then like the autumn cold again,
How hard to calm the heart!
增译法 (amplification)
Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man.
读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记使人准确。
Their host carved, poured, rved, cut bread, talked, laughed, propod health.
他们的主人家，又是割啊，又是倒啊，又是上菜啊，又是切面包啊，又是扯谈啊，又是嬉笑啊boldface，又是敬酒啊，没得歇停。
三个臭皮匠，顶个诸葛亮。
Three cobblers with their wits combined郁郁寡欢是什么意思 equal Zhuge Liang 不屑是什么意思the master mind.
只许州官放火，不许百姓点灯。
The magistrates are free to burn down hous, while the common people are forbidden even to light lamps.
交出翻译之前，必须读几遍，看看有没有要修改的地方。这样才能把工作做好。
Before handling in your translation, you have to read it over and over again and e if there is anything in it to be corrected or improved. Only thus can you do your work well.
I am looking forward to the holidays.
我在等待假日的到来。
减译法（omission）
A book is uful.
书（是）有用（的）。
The developing countries cover vast territories, encompass a large population and abound in natural resources.
这些发展中国家地大物博，人口众多。
要推迟战争的爆发，就要反对那样的绥靖政策，不管是军事的、政治的、经济的绥靖，都要反对。
To delay the outbreak of war, it is necessary to oppo the policy of appeament like that, militarily, politically and economically.
儿童学英文字母
If you give him an inch, he will take a mile.
他会得寸进尺。
质子带阳电，电子带阴电，而中子既不带阳电，也不带阴电。
A proton has a positive charge and an electron has a negative charge, but a neutron has neither.
词类转移法 (conversion)
The volume of trade has incread tremendously to the advantage of both countries.
贸易的will smith剧增给两国带来了益处。( V+ adv ? adj + n )
What kind of sailor are you
你晕不晕船 （be a good/ bad sailor） ( adj+n ? v)
Our age is witnessing a profound political change.
我们的时代是深刻的政治变革的见证。 ( V ? N )
一定要少说空话，多做工作。
There must be less empty talk and more hard work. ( adv+VO ? adj + S )
It is impossible to live in society and be independent of society.
regedit
生于社会，不能脱离社会。 ( Adj?V )
Saud was a frustrated man at that time.
沙特那时已经受了打击。 （ adj?V ）
No wonder the sight of it should nd the memories of quite a number people of the old generation back 36 years ago.
难怪老一辈的许多人见了这个就会想到36年前的往事。 ( N+ of structure 广州中考试题?VO )
我们在20年间坐视原料价格下跌，工业品价格暴涨。
For 20 years we were passive witness to the deterioration of prices of our raw materials and an excessive increa of the prices of manufactured goods. ( adj+n ? adv+V )
词序调整法 (inversion)
短语层面：Mr. Stevenson 史蒂文森先生
Mr. President 总统先生
Room 520 520房间
The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China 中共中央
ill-tempered 性情乖戾的
East China 华东地区
Major-General Mohammed Khan,
The First Brigade,
The Sixth Division,
Pakistan Army
巴基斯坦陆军第六师第一旅穆罕默德*汗少将
句子层面：
They were sons of the men who had left their homes and taken to the mountains with their broad swords by their sides.
他们都是那些抛妻别子、扛着大刀（腰间别着大刀）进入深山的好汉们的后代。
He drinks half of a bottle of beer with each of his meals.
每餐他都要喝半瓶啤酒。
Never have we en so bright a future before us!
我们从来没有见过这样光明的前途。
这多大学现有计算机科学、高能物理、激光、地球物理、遥感技术、遗传工程六个专业。
This university has six faculties, namely, Computer Science, High Energy Physics, Lar, Geo-physics, Remote Sensing and Genetic Engineering.
