2014 届化工原理课程设计设计
《年产20万吨天然气合成氨合成段的工艺设计》
说明书
学生姓名
英语角策划书学号
所属学院
专业
班级
指导教师
二O一二年十二月
年产39万吨天然气合成氨合成段的工艺设计任务书
一、设计项目:年产20万吨天然气合成氨合成段的工艺设计
二、设计规模:20万吨/年,年生产时间:330
三、设计阶段:初步设计
四、设计条件与要求
1、合成塔进口气体组成(V%)
NH3:2.26% H2:58.79% N2:19.55% CH4:17.49% Ar:1.91%
2、合成塔出口气体NH3含量:17.8%
3、水冷器出口温度:35℃
4、合成塔操作压力:30.0MPa
五、设计要求和工作量
完成设计报告一份
六、设计主要内容
1、工艺流程设计
2、物料衡算
3、热量衡算
4、主要设备工艺设计与选型化工设计报告
(大体章节要求)
blaze
摘要
第一章前言
第二章天然气合成氨简介
第三章合成氨工艺论证
第四章工艺计算
4.1物料衡算
贵州高考分数线20134.2能量衡算
第五章主要设备的工艺计算及选型
cleanclear主要结构参数表
第六章设计小结
参考文献
impo
七、设计主要参考文献
《化工原理》;《化工产品手册》;《化工工艺设计手册》;《小氮肥厂工艺设计手册》;《氮肥工艺设计手册》;《小合成氨厂工艺技术与设计手册》;《合成氨》;《无机化工生产技术》等八、设计时间:2012.12.18-2012.12.24
设计任务书............................................................................................. 错误!未定义书签。目录................................................................................................................................................ II 摘要..
.......................................................................................................................................... - 0 -Abstract ...................................................................................................................................... - 1 -1 正文........................................................................................................................................ - 2 -
1.1 氨的性质、用途及重要性.......................................................................................... - 2 -
1.1.1 氨的性质.......................................................................................................... - 2 -
1.1.2 氨的用途及在国民生产中的作用 .............................................................. - 2 -
1.2 合成氨生产技术的发展.............................................................................................. - 3 -
1.2.1世界合成氨技术的发展 ................................................................................ - 3 -
1.2.2中国合成氨工业的发展概况........................................................................ - 5 -
1.3天然气合成氨转变工序的工艺原理.......................................................................... - 7 -
1.3.1 天然气合成氨的典型工艺流程介绍.......................................................... - 7 -
1.3.2 天然气合成氨转化工序的工艺原理.............................................................. - 8 -
1.3.3合成氨变换工序的工艺原理........................................................................... - 9 -
1.4 设计方案的确定......................................................................................................... - 9 -
气门间隙1.4.1 原料的选择..................................................................................................... - 9 -earnest
1.4.2 工艺流程的选择............................................................................................ - 10 -
1.4.3 工艺参数的确定............................................................................................ - 11 -
2 设计工艺计算...................................................................................................................... - 1
3 -
2.1 转化段物料衡算........................................................................................................ - 13 -
2.1.1 一段转化炉的物料衡算................................................................................ - 14 -
2.1.2 二段转化炉的物料衡算................................................................................ - 17 -
2.2 转化段热量衡算........................................................................................................ - 20 -
2.2.1 一段炉辐射段热量衡算................................................................................ - 20 -
2.2.2 二段炉的热量衡算........................................................................................ - 27 -
2.3 变换段的衡算........................................................................................................... - 29 -
2.3.1 高温变换炉的衡算........................................................................................ - 29 -
2.3.2 低温变换炉的衡算........................................................................................ - 31 -
2.5 设备工艺计算........................................................................................................... - 34 -结论.......................................................................................................................................... - 37 -致谢.......................................................................................................................................... - 38 -参考文献.................................................................................................................................. - 39 -主要符合说明.......................................................................................................................... - 40 -附录.......................................................................................................................................... - 41 -
氨是重要的基础化工产品之一,在国民经济中占有重要地位。合成氨生产经过多年的发展,现已发展成为一种成熟的化工生产工艺。
each and all
近年来合成氨工业发展很快,大型化、低能耗、清洁生产均是合成氨设备发展的主流,技术改进主要方向是开发性能更好的催化剂、降低氨合成压力、开发新的原料气净化方法、降低燃料消耗、回收和合理利用低位热能等方面上。
设计采用的工艺流程简介:天然气经过脱硫压缩进入一段转化炉,把CH4和烃类转化成H2,再经过二段炉进一步转化后换热进入高变炉,在催化剂作用下大部分CO和水蒸气反应获H2和CO2,再经过低变炉使CO降到合格水平,去甲烷化工序。
关键字:合成氨;天然气;转化;变换;
Abstract
Ammonia is the most important one of basic chemical products, plays an important role in the national economy. Ammonia production after years of development, now has developed into a mature chemical production process.
In recent years, the large-scale industrial development soon ammonia, low energy consumption, the clean production of synthetic ammonia equipment development are the main direction of technical improvement, is to develop better performance of catalyst, reducing ammonia synthesis pressure, th
hovere development of new materials gas purification methods, reduce fuel consumption, low heat recovery and reasonable utilization, etc.
The design process ud in brief are: compresd natural gas after desulfurization and conversion into a furnace, the methane and hydrocarbons into hydrogen, through the Secondary reformer further transformed into the highly variable furnace heat exchanger, the great catalyst part of the reaction of carbon monoxide and hydrogen and carbon dioxide vapor, then through the low-temperature shift to reduce to an acceptable level of carbon monoxide to methanation process.
Keywords: ammonia; natural gas; transformation; transformation;水獭英语