2020年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）
Section I U of English
Directions: Read the following text. Choo the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
sofa怎么读Even if families don’t sit down to eat together as frequently as before, millions of Britons will nonetheless have got a share this weekend of one of the nation’s great traditions: the Sunday roast. __1__ a cold winter’s day, few culinary pleasures can
__2__ it. Yet as we report now, the food police are determined that this __3__ should be rendered yet another guilty pleasure __4__ to damage our health.
The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has __5__ a public warning about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked __6__ high temperatures. This means that people should __7__ crisping their roast potatoes, reject thin-crust pizzas and only __8__ toast their bread. But where is the evidence to support such alarmist advice? __9__ studies have shown that acrylamide can cau neurological damage in mice, there is no __10__ evidence that it caus cancer in humans.
Scientists say the compound is __11__ to be cancer but have no hard scientific proof. __12__ the precautionary principle, it could be argued that it is __13__ to follow the FSA advice. __14__, it was rumored that smoking caud cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a __15__.
小作文
轻松调频Doubtless a piece of boiled beef can always be __16__ up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables, without the Yorkshire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? __17__, the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods
__18__, but to reduce their lifetime intake. However, its __19__ risks coming across as being pushy and overprotective. Constant health scares just __20__ with no one listening.
1. A In B Towards C On D Till
2. A match B express C satisfy D influence
3. A patience B enjoyment C surpri D concernawful
4. A intensified B privileged C compelled D guaranteed
5. A issued B received C ignored D cancelled
6. A under B at C for D by
7. A forget B regret C finish D avoid
8. A partially B regularly C easily D initially
9. A Unless B Since C If D While
10. A condary B external C conclusive D negative
11. A insufficient B bound C likely D slow
12. A On the basis of B At the cost of C In addition to D In contrast to
13. A interesting B advisable C urgent D fortunate
14. A As usual B In particular C By definition D After all
15. A remblance B combination C connection D pattern
16. A made B rved C saved D ud
17. A To be fair B For instance C To be brief D In general
18. A reluctantly B entirely C gradually D carefully
19. A promi B experience C campaign D competition
20. A follow up B pick up C open up D end up
Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points) Text 1
A group of labour MPs, among them Yvette Cooper, are bringing in the new year with a call to institute a UK "town of culture" award. The proposal is that it should sit alongside the existing city of culture title, which was held by Hull in 2017 and has been awarded to Coventry for 2021. Cooper and her colleagues argue that the success of the crown for Hull, where it brought in £220m of investment and an avalanche of arts, ought not to be confined to cities. Britain' town, it is true, are no
t prevented from applying, but they generally lack the resources to put together a bit to beat their bigger competitions. A town of culture award could, it is argued, become an annual event, attracting funding and creating jobs.
Some might e the proposal as a booby prize for the fact that Britain is no longer able to apply for the much more prestigious title of European capital of culture, a sought-after award bagged by Glasgow in 1990 and Liverpool in 2008. A cynic might speculate that the UK is on the verge of disappearing into an endless fever of lf-celebration in its desperation to reinvent itlf for the post-Brexit world: after town of culture, who knows what will follow—village of culture? Suburb of culture? Hamlet of culture?
It is also wi to recall that such titles are not a cure-all. A badly run "year of culture" washes in and out of a place like the tide, bringing prominence for a spell but leaving no lasting benefits to the community. The really successful holders of such titles are tho that do a great deal more than fill hotel bedrooms and bring in high-profile arts events and good press for a year. They transform the aspirations of the people who live there; they nudge the lf-image of the city into a bolder and more optimistic light. It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private ctor, community groups and cultural organizations.
But it can be done: Glasgow's year as European capital of culture can certainly be en as one of complex ries of factors that have turned the city into the powerhou of art, music and theatre that it remains today.
group playA "town of culture" could be not just about the arts but about honouring a town's peculiarities—helping sustain its high street, supporting local facilities and above all celebrating its people. Jeremy Wright, the culture cretary, should welcome this positive, hope-filled proposal, and turn it into action.
21.Copper and her colleagues argue that a "town of culture" award could
A. consolidate the town-city ties in Britainwelcome
行尸走肉第四季剧透B. promote cooperation among Britain's towns
C. increa the economic strength of Britain's towns
D. focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events
22.According to paragraph 2, the proposal might be regarded by some as
A. a nsible compromi
B. a lf-deceiving attempt
C. an eye-catching bonus
D. an inaccessible target
23. The author suggests that a title holder is successful only if it
A. endeavours to maintain its image
B. meets the aspiration of its peopletf是什么意思
C. brings its local arts to prominence
D. commits to its long-term growth
24. “Glasgow” is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to prent
A. a contrasting ca
B. a supporting example
C. a background story
D. a related topic
25. What is the author's attitude towards the proposal?
A. Skeptical.
B. Objective.
C. Favorable.
D. Critical.
Text 2
Scientific publishing has long been a licence to print money. Scientists need journals in which to publish their rearch, so they will supply the articles without monetary reward. Other scientists perform the specialid work of peer review also for free, becau it is a central element in the acqui
sition of status and the production of scientific knowledge.
whatareyoudoingWith the content of papers cured for free, the publisher needs only find a market for its journal. Until this century, university libraries were not very price nsitive. Scientific publishers routinely report profit margins approaching 40% on their operations, at a time when the rest of the publishing industry is in an existential crisis.
The Dutch giant Elvier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers produced in the world, made profits of more than £900m last year, while UK universities alone spent more than £210m in 2016 to enable rearchers to access their own publicly funded rearch；both figures em to ri unstoppably despite increasingly desperate efforts to change them.
style是什么意思The most drastic, and thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, t up in 2012, which now claims to offer access to every paywalled article published since 2015. The success of Sci-Hub, which relies on rearchers passing on copies they have themlves legally accesd, shows the legal ecosystem has lost legitimacy among its urs and must be transformed so that it works for all participants.
In Britain the move towards open access publishing has been driven by funding bodies. In some way
s it has been very successful. More than half of all British scientific rearch is now published under open access terms: either freely available from the moment of publication, or paywalled for a year or more so that the publishers can make a profit before being placed on general relea.
Yet the new system has not worked out any cheaper for the universities. Publishers have responded to the demand that they make their product free to readers by charging their writers fees to cover the costs of preparing an article. The range from around £500 to $5,000. A report last year pointed out that the costs both of subscriptions and of the “article preparation costs” had been steadily rising at a rate above inflation. In some ways the scientific publishing model rembles the economy of the social internet: labour is provided free in exchange for the hope of status, while huge profits are made by a few big firms who run the market places. In both cas, we need a rebalancing of power.
26. Scientific publishing is en as “a licence to print money” partly becau
[A] its funding has enjoyed a steady increa
[B] its marketing strategy has been successful
[C] its payment for peer review is reduced
[D] its content acquisition costs nothing
27. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, scientific publishers Elvier have
[A] thrived mainly on university libraries
[B] gone through an existential crisis
