July12, 2022 24 Solar Terms: 8 things you may not know about Start of Winter automatic是什么意思24节气:关于立冬你可能不知道的8件事 | |
The traditional Chine lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Start of Winter, (Chine: 立冬), the 19th solar term of the year, begins this year on Nov 8 and ends on Nov 22. 中国传统农历将一年分为24个节气。立冬，(中文:立冬)，今年的第19个节气，从11月8日开始，到11月22日结束。 Start of Winter is the first solar term of winter, which means winter is coming and crops harvested in autumn should be stored up. 立冬是冬天的第一个节气，这意味着冬天即将到来，秋天收获的作物应该储存起来。 Here are eight things you should know about Start of Winter. 以下是关于立冬你应该知道的八件事。 Beginning of winter or not 是否是冬天的开始 In ancient times, the Chine people took the Start of Winter to be the beginning of the winter. In fact, the Start of Winter is not the beginning of winter in terms of meteorology. The climate every year is different, so the beginning of winter could be quite different. And with the vast territoryjaycee of China, winter in every area doesn't begin at the same time. 在古代，中国人把立冬作为冬天的开始。其实立冬从气象学上来说并不是冬天的开始。每年的气候都是不同的，所以冬天的开始会有很大的不同。由于中国幅员辽阔，每个地区的冬天并不同时开始。 Welcoming the winter in ancient times 中国在我心中演讲稿古代迎冬 The four beginnings of the asons were important festivals in ancient times. Before the Start of Winter, an ancient emperor would take a shower and eat no more meat. On that day, the emperor would lead his officials to the suburbs and perform the ceremony of "welcoming the winter." 四季的开始是古代重要的节日。在冬天来临之前，古代的皇帝会洗个澡，然后不再吃肉。在那一天，皇帝会带领他的官员到郊区，举行“迎冬”仪式 Eating dumplings 吃饺子 A legend has it that at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD25-220), "Medical Saint" Zhang Zhongjing saved many people in Henan province from a typhoidepidemic and their ears from being frostbitten around Start of Winter. He cooked mutton, hot peppers and herbs to dispel the cold and increa body heat. He wrapped the ingredients into a dough skin and made them into an ear shape. Since then, people have learned to make the food, which became known as a "dumpling". Today there is still a saying that goes "Eat dumplings on Start of Winter Day or your ears will be frostbitten". 相传东汉末年(公元25-220年)，"医圣"张仲景在河南省救了许多人，使他们免于伤寒流行病，也使他们的耳朵免于冬初冻伤。他煮了羊肉、辣椒和草药来驱寒和增加体温。他把这些配料包成面皮，做成耳朵形状。从那以后，人们学会了做这种食物，这就是众所周知的“饺子”。今天仍然有一句谚语说“冬天开始时吃饺子，否则你的耳朵会冻伤”。 Yifan Festival of Mulam ethnic minority 仫佬族“一帆节” Yifan Festival is one of the most important festivals of the Mulam ethnic minority in Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region. It is held around the Start of Winter every three to five years and lasts one to three days. The festival includes inviting the gods, offering sacrifices, asking the gods to enjoy the sacrifice, singing the prais of the gods, drinking wine with the blood of a chicken, and nding the gods off. “一帆节”是广西壮族自治区仫佬族最重要的节日之一。它每三到五年在冬季开始时举行，持续一到三天。节日包括请神、祭祀、请神赏祭、歌颂神、饮鸡血酒、送别神。 "Nourishing the winter" 冬天进补 On the first day of Start of Winter, there is a custom, "nourishing the winter", in Southeast China, in places such as Fujian, Guangdong and Taiwan provinces. To prepare for the coming of a cold winter, people there like to eat high-calorie foods, such as chicken, duck, beef, mutton, and fish, which are usually stewed with the four traditional Chine medicines: angelica, ligusticumwallichii, Chine herbaceouspeony and rehmanniaglutinosalibosch, to enhance the effectiveness of the nourishment. 在冬天开始的第一天，在中国东南部，如福建、广东和台湾省，有一个习俗，叫“冬天滋补”。为了应对寒冷的冬天，那里的人们喜欢吃高热量的食物，如鸡，鸭，牛，羊肉和鱼，这些食物通常与当归，川芎，白芍和地黄这四种中药一起炖，以提高营养的有效性。 Eating Chine pumpkins 吃倭瓜 In Tianjin, on the first day of Start of Winter, people eat dumplings stuffed with Chine pumpkins (wogua). It is a common vegetable in North China. Generally, the pumpkins are bought in the summer and stored until the Start of Winter when they are taken out. 在天津，立冬的第一天，人们会吃倭瓜馅的饺子。它是中国北方常见的蔬菜。一般来说，倭瓜是在夏天买的，储存到立冬时取出。 Eating tuanzi in Wuxi 在无锡吃团子 On the first day of Start of Winter, people in Wuxi have a custom of eating tuanzi, a kind of traditional Chine food made with rice. At this time, the autumn grain crops have just been sold on the market, and the tuanzi made from the newly-harvested crops taste delicious. Most rural residents make tuanzi themlves, while urban residents buy ready-made tuanzi. The tuanzi stuffingjuli can be sweet bean paste, radish or lard. 在冬天开始的第一天，无锡人有吃团子的习俗，这是一种用大米制成的传统中国食物。此时秋粮作物刚刚上市销售，用新收获的作物做成的团子味道鲜美。大多数农村居民自己做团子，而城市居民买现成的团子。团子馅可以是豆沙、萝卜或猪油。 Offering sacrifices to ancestors 祭祖 The Start of Winter, when the autumn crops have been placed in storage, was a time for festival among the people of the Manchu Eight Banners and Han Eight Banners in Benxi of Liaoning province. Incen was burned and sacrifices offered to ancestors. The Eight Banners (baqi) were administrative/military divisions during the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911). 立冬，秋收时，是辽宁本溪满族八旗和汉族八旗人民的节日。焚香祭祖。八旗是清朝(1644-1911)时期的行政/军事区划。 | NOTES ✪红色：词汇 蓝色：短语 ※黄色：语法总结，长难句 阅读综合练习在文后 ※which means winter is coming：定语从句，关系词which代替先行词Start of Winter在从句中做主语。 ※harvested in autumn ：过去分词做后置定语，修饰crops。 store up：储存；积聚 in terms of ：依据；按照；在……方面 The book is well organized in terms of plot. 这本书的故事布局十分严谨。 meteorology/ˌmiːtiəˈrɒlədʒi/ n. 气象状态，气象学 ✪territory/ˈterətri/n. 领土，版图，领地 ※A legend has it that ...：that引导的同位语从句表示legend的内容。 ✪saint/ɪnt/n. （基督教追封的）圣者，圣徒；圣人 Medical Saint：医圣 ✪typhoid/ˈtaɪfɔɪd/adj. 伤寒的； n. 伤寒 ✪epidemic/ˌepɪˈdemɪk/n. 流 行病，传染病英语48个音标发音 ✪frostbitten/ˈfrɒstbɪtn / adj. 冻伤的；受霜害的 His frostbitten fingers look quite scary. 他冻伤的手指看着很吓人。 ✪frostbite/ˈfrɒstbaɪt/n. 冻伤，冻疮v. 冻伤，遭受霜冻 ✪dough/dəʊ/n. 生面团 a dough skin：面皮 ※2013英语六级真题which became known as a "dumpling"：定语从句，关系代词which代替先行词the food 在从句中做主语。 ※there is still a saying that goes "Eat dumplings on Start of Winter Day or your ears will be frostbitten"：定语从句，关系代词that指代先行词saying在从句中做主语。 ✪ethnic/ˈeθnɪk/adj. （有关）种族的，民族的；少数民族的 ethnic minority：少数民族 ※which are usually stewed with the four traditional Chine medicines：定语从句，关系代词which指代先行词foods在从句中做主语。 航线英文✪stew/stjuː/v. 炖，煨n. 炖煮的菜肴 ✪angelica/ænˈdʒelɪkə/n. 当归 ligusticumwallichii川芎 Chine herbaceouspeony 白芍 rehmanniaglutinosalibosch 地黄 ✪enhance/ɪnˈhɑːns/v. 增强，提高，改善 Large paintings can enhance the feeling of space in small rooms. 大幅画作能增加小房间的宽敞感。 ✪nourishment/ˈnʌrɪʃmənt/n. nxx滋养品，营养；营养状况 stuffwith ：用……把……堵住；用……装/填/塞 made with rice：过去分词做后置定语，修饰food the tuanzimade from the newly-harvested cropstaste delicious：句子的主干是the tuanzi taste delicious，made过去分词短语做后置定语修饰the tuanzi，newly-harvested 过去分词做定语修饰crops。 ✪stuffing/awareˈstʌfɪŋ/n. （烹饪前塞在鸡、蔬菜等里的）填料，馅 stuff v. 塞进，填进；填满，装满 She had 500 leaflets to stuff into envelopes. 她得把500份传单装进信封里。 paste/peɪst/n. 面糊，糊状物；糨糊； 肉（或鱼等）酱 v. （尤指用浆糊）黏，贴 sweet bean paste：豆沙 ✪radish/ˈrædɪʃ/n. 小萝卜 ✪lard/lɑːd/n. 猪油 v. 嵌（肥肉）在其他肉中；涂抹猪油于……；润色，点缀；盖满 when the autumn crops have been placed in storage：定语从句，关系副词when代替先行词the Start of Winter在从句中做时间状语。 ✪storage/ˈstɔːrɪdʒ/n. 储存，贮藏；（信息的）存储，存储空间 ✪incen/ˈɪnns/n. 香 ✪administrative 长春翻译/ədˈmɪnɪstrətɪv/adj. 管理的，行政的 Administrativework occupies half of my time. 行政事务占用了我一半的时间。 ✪division/dɪˈvɪʒ(ə)n/n. 分开 分配；除法；部门 |
一、阅读理解。 1. Which of the following is not true about Start of Winter? A.It does not exactly mean the beginning of winter in terms of meteorology. B.Winter in different areas may begin at different time C.Ancient emperors would probably not eat meat on this day. D. Crops should be stored up on the first day of Start of Winter. 2.Dumplings are a kind of traditional Chine food which ___________. A.may originate from the end of the Western Han Dynasty. B. will make your ears frostbitten C. were originally made into an ear shape D. will dispel the cold 3. what’s the meaning of the underlined word “enhance”? A.balance B.dispel C. improve D. encounter 4.We can learn from the passage that ________. A. the four traditional Chine medicines can improve the effectiveness of taste B. people in Wuxi prefer to eat tuanzi with newly-harvested crops. C. dumplings were made with newly-harvested Chine pumpkins. D.people of the Manchu Eight Banners offered sacrifices to gods. 答案：DCCB 二、七选五（两项多余） As the autumn colors fade over time, cold days are well underway. The Start of Winter( also the Beginning of Winter), or "Lidong" (立冬) in Chine pinyin, the 19th of the 24 solar terms in China, begins this year on Nov. 7 and ends on Nov. 21. 1. ___________________________.For the northern hemisphere, biting winds blow from the north, crops harvested in autumn have been stored up, and creatures begin to rest and hibernate for the coming winter. Three phas of Lidong 2. ______________________________. Lidong is divided into three phas. In the first pha of Lidong, water begins to freeze. Ice often encrusts lakes in just one night in northern China, which reminds people of the coming cold winter. 3._______________________________. The cond pha of Lidong brings frozen ground. The thin ice is easily broken and creaks if stepped on. The ice covers and protects crops and farmlands from pests and dias, so farmers can prepare for sowing in the following year. Birds are rarely en in the third pha. As migratory birds move south and resident birds store their food in the nest, the sky often ems lonely without its winged friends. Traditional customs On the day of Lidong, people would treat themlves with feasts, as a reward for their hard work during the busy months. There were also ancient rituals to be done on this day, many of which have been abandoned for a long time, yet the culinary traditions have been well prerved over generations. Some brave swimming enthusiasts take a dive in cold rivers to celebrate the Beginning of Winter, and of cour, to exerci their bodies. Nourishing time As leaves fall and animals hibernate, 4._______________________, while people prepare and eat nutritious food to ward off illness. "Feed your stomach on the Beginning of Winter, and you will be as strong as a tiger in the coming spring."(立冬有食补，春来勇如虎。) The Chine proverb perfectly illustrates how people prepared to spend the chilly winter. In northern China, it is customary to eat dumplings during the winter days. As one of the major dishes in China, it is nothing if not varied in its rich lection of fillings. For people in southern China, high-calorie food such as beef, chicken, mutton, and fish is their favorites during the days of Lidong, and can provide sufficient energy and fat to help them e the winter out. Turn of the year The year will soon pass by, and Lidong is the beginning of the end. For the northern hemisphere, the days are getting colder and nights longer.5. ____________________________. Most countries are pooling efforts to control the pandemic, develop vaccines and recover their economy. Despite the difficult situation, the international community should join hands to ri to the challenge and resolutely defeat the dia together. The final victory is to be shared by all. A. In cold days, the danger of a new wave of COVID-19 has become dreadfully real in many countries. B."Li" (立) refers to the start of a ason as well as the change of asons. C.If winter comes, spring won't be far behind. D. some living creatures begin to rest and store energy for the cold days E. ancient people stored enough food long before icy winds which might dry out their bodies. F. To cope with the shifting weather, ancient Chine people gave specific names to different phas of a solar term. G. Dew formed overnight also freezes into ice crystals in a myriad of shapes in the early morning, glittering in the sunlight. 答案：BFGDA 三．选词填空。（用单词的适当形式填空） store up frostbite stuff divide in terms of 1. Sometimes doctors have to remove __________ areas like fingers and toes. 2. He worked for a rearch __________ of it. 3. Squirrels usually__________ nuts for the coming winter. 4. What does this mean __________cost? 5. He sat at the table __________ himlf. 答案： 1. frostbitten 2. division 3. store up 4. in terms of 5. stuffing 四．在右栏中找出左栏单词的解释。 1. territory 2. administrative 3. enhance 4.stew 5. nourishment A. food that is needed to stay alive, grow and stay healthy B. connected with organizing the work of a business or an institution C. to cook sth slowly D. to increa or further improve the good quality E. land that is under the control of a particular country or ruler 答案：EBDCA | |
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